Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program Pump and Haul Systems.

Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program

Pump and Haul Systems

Nutrient Management Planner Certification ProgramRemote Storage or Tankers can also be used.


Umbilical Hose Application Systems


Incorporation reduces odor and conserves nitrogen. Ammonia losses can be reduced from 10-30% to 1-5%

No-till Manure Injector

Sweep-Style Manure Injector


Sweep Injector No-Till Injector

Soybean Stubble in SC, Coastal Plain. Applied at 10,000 gallons per hour.


CalibrationLiquid Manure Spreaders:

Spread at least one full load of waste, preferably in a square or rectangular field pattern for ease of measuring, with normal overlaps.

Measure the length and width of coverage, recognizing that the outer fringe areas of the coverage will receive much lighter applications than the overlapped areas.


Liquid Application Systems Advantages

provide more transport mobility

allow direct soil injection

more flexibility can be less expensive

Disadvantages requires more time and

labor than irrigation

higher tractor HP requirement if injecting

require improved travel roads and proper soil trafficability

higher operating costs


Pump and Haul Waste Management Systems Loading areas are necessary to:

protect equipment and operators avoid damaging the lagoon dike or embankment

Care should be taken to minimize spills during loading and transport.

Calibration is the combination of settings and travel speed needed to apply waste at a desired rate and to ensure uniform application. You must know the spreader capacity.


Solids Application

Common methods include:

Broadcast to surface Broadcast/Incorp.


Spreader Calibration:

Do you know the rate?

Clemson Study

How about the spreader pattern?


Calibration of Manure Spreaders

Applicators can apply manure, bedding, and wastewater at varying rates and patterns, depending on: forward travel and/or PTO speed gear box settings gate openings spread widths overlaps


Application Uniformity

Desirable PatternsUndesirable Patterns


BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES

Best Management Practices are practices determined to be cost effective methods of preventing or reducing NPS pollution.

For waste management, they optimize nutrient uptake by plants and minimize nutrient impact on the environment.

A trained agronomist, soil scientist, or conservationist is best qualified to assess whether a specific BMP is appropriate for a given site.


BMPs?Erosion is the number one source of nonpoint source pollution in Georgia.

BMPs should include erosion control to reduce movement of soil and nutrients. Sediment is a pollutant, sediment carries nutrients, and loss of top soil reduces nutrient use by crop.


BMPs in CNMPs

Table C1 in Template recognizes many BMPs and lists twelve specifically.

You may add any others you like. 1) Tissue Analysis/Plant Sampling

Good way to refine rate 2) Injection or incorporation 3) Manure Treatments like Alum


4) Conservation/Reduced TillageReduces runoff and sediment losses


BMPs 5)contour planting.


6) Terraces or other water control structures


BMPs 7) Vegetated Waterways/critical area plantings: grassed waterways can reduce nutrient movement to ditches, streams, and rivers.


8) Diversions/ Downslope retention


BMPs9) Buffers

BeforeBefore

AfterAfterBuffers filter/treat: - sediment - nutrients - pathogens


9)filter strips can reduce surface movement of nutrients into nonagricultural land.


BMP: 10) Winter Cover/Scavenger Crops

Protect soil from erosion over winter

Crops scavenge residual nitrogen and phosphorus

May be good crop to graze.

No-till planting into winter cover


Crop ManagementIt is important to reduce application rates to account for cattle manure additions.

BMPs 11) Rotational Grazing


Windbreaks can reduce lagoon effluent and odor drift from land application sites.

12) Application Timing


BMPs?

Animals with access to surface water can be a direct source of pollution.


Record keeping Good records are essential:

For regulations To protect yourself To improve over time

CNMPs are PLANS Records document actions

Monitor, Correct, Document Computer record-keeping programs.


Required Records

The following records must be available at the farm to satisfy the Environmental Protection Division: By rules or permit Individual permits may differ Retain for three years Record who and when sampled Amend CNMP with substantive changes


Annual Checklist & Log Manure storage not leaking Manure spreading equipment/transport

equipment okay. Manure application according to plan

Update CNMP Totals for field budgets

Annual Report will require manure generated, offsite transport, acres used and reported in NMP and any spills


Other records from NPDES permit

Inspections, findings, and maintenance Semi-annual lagoon effluent (TKN&NO3)

and monitoring wells (TKN,NO3, depth) Annual P and pH for each field Weekly lagoon and freeboard

Daily rainfall and land application events

Response to spills (posting # req’d)


Lagoon Maintenance Inspections

When inspecting waste inlet pipes, recycling pipes, and overflow pipes, look for: separation of pipe joints cracks or breaks accumulation of minerals overall pipe condition

Record berm conditions and liquid levels


Manure Application Records

Important notations: Date and time Field ID Source and quality Application rate and number of loads

For offsite situations record buyer, intended use, amount, and nutrient content. Also supply directions for use.


Record Keeping (Other req)

Document employee training .

Spill reporting may require BOD, TSS, and amount of discharge- be prepared.

Closure must be reported within three months.


Beneficial Records

The following records are not required but should be part of your CNMP: map of farm fields including waste

application fields and acreage animal population crop yields and land application BMP’s water quality/ environmental assessments Calibration procedures and results


Example Records for Liquid Manure Applications IRR-1: Lagoon liquid irrigation field

record is to be used to record each irrigation event.

IRR-2: Cumulative lagoon liquid irrigation field record is to record the total annual waste application to one field per crop cycle.


Similar Records for Slurry and Solid Manure Applications SLUR-1 and SLUR 2: Liquid

manure slurry field record is to be used to record each waste application event if the producer is using a slurry or pump and haul system.

SLD-1 & SLD-2: Solid manure


Example Irrigation Records Using IRR-1 and IRR-2:

Joe Pigford maintains a 3000 head feeder-to-finish operation.

Estimated volume of lagoon liquid generated annually is approximately 2.8 million gallons.

Waste analyses: February 8, 19962.5 lb PAN/1000 gal April 10, 19962.5 lb PAN/1000 gal


Example Irrigation Records Using IRR-1 and IRR-2:

He irrigates two crops with wastewater using a traveling gun that applies 300 gpm. Tract T1004: corntraveling gun pulls are

considered Fields 1 to 4, 6 acres each. He wants to apply 100 lbs of PAN/acre.

Tract T1005: bermuda haytraveling gun pulls are considered Fields 5 and 6, which are 8 and 4 acres respectively. He wants to apply 300 lbs of PAN/acre.


Example

Joe’s Lagoon Liquid Irrigation Field Record (Form IRR-1) follows.

Transfer the information for Fields 1 and 5 each onto a separate Form IRR-2.

Complete the calculations to determine whether Joe has met his nitrogen requirement for his corn crop and bermuda hay.

Form IRR-1 Lagoon Liquid Irrigation Field RecordFor Recording Irrigation Events on Different Fields

Farm Owner J oe Pigford Facility Number 99 - 999Spreader Operator J oe Pigford

Date Field Size Irrigation Time Number ofTract # Field # (mm/dd/yr) Crop Type (acres) Start Time End Time Total M inutes Sprinklers Operating

T1004 1 3/20/96 corn 6 8:00 AM 2:30 PM 390 12 3/21/96 corn 6 8:00 AM 2:30 PM 390 13 3/22/96 corn 6 8:00 AM 2:30 PM 390 14 3/23/96 corn 6 8:00 AM 2:30 PM 390 1

T1005 5 3/26/96 bermuda 8 8:00 AM 4:40 PM 520 16 3/27/96 bermuda 4 3:00 PM 7:20 PM 260 1

T1004 1 5/10/96 corn 6 8:30 AM 2:00 PM 330 12 5/11/96 corn 6 8:30 AM 3:00 PM 390 13 5/12/96 corn 6 8:30 AM 3:00 PM 390 14 5/13/96 corn 6 8:30 AM 4:00 PM 450 1




Form IRR-2 Lagoon Liquid Irrigation Field RecordOne Form for Each Field Per Crop Cycle

Tract # Field # Facility Number -

Field Size (acres) = (A)

Farm Owner Irrigation Operator

Owner’s Address 123 Hawg RoadPigtown, NC 27344

Irrigation Operator’sAddress

Same

Owner’s Phone # Operator’s Phone #

From Animal Waste Management PlanCrop Type corn Recommended PAN

Loading (lb/acre) = (B)100

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)Irrigation

Date(mm/dd/yr)

Start Time(hr:min)

End Time(hr:min)

Total Minutes(3) - (2)

# of SprinklersOperating

Flow rate(gal/min)

Total Volume(gallons)

(4) × (5) × (6)

Volume PerAcre (gal/ac)

(7) ÷ (A)Waste Analysis

1

PAN (lb/1000 gal)

PAN Applied(lb/ac)

[(8) × (9)] ÷ 1,000

Nitrogen Balance 2

(lb/ac)(B) - (10)

5/10/96 8:30 2:00 330 1 300 99,000 16,500 2.5 41.3 9.9

Crop Cycle Totals

Owner’s Signature Joe Pigford Operator’s Signature Joe Pigford

Certified Operator (Print) Joe Pigford Operator Certification # 0327

1 See your animal waste management plan for sampling frequency. At a minimum, waste analysis is required within 60 days of land application events.2 Enter the value received by subtracting column (10) from (B). Continue subtracting column (10) from column (11) following each application event.


Tract # T1004 Field # 1 Facility Number 99 - 999Field Size (acres) = (A) 6

Farm Owner J oe Pigford Irrigation Operator Joe PigfordOwner’s Address 123 Hawg Road

Pigtown, NC 27344Irrigation Operator’s

AddressSame

Owner’s Phone # (919) 555-4444 Operator’s Phone # Same



(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)Irrigation

Date(mm/dd/yr)

Start Time(hr:min)

End Time(hr:min)



Flow rate(gal/min)


(4) × (5) × (6)



1

PAN (lb/1000 gal)

PAN Applied(lb/ac)

[(8) × (9)] ÷ 1,000

Nitrogen Balance 2

(lb/ac)(B) - (10)

3/20/96 8:00 AMAM

2:30 PM 390 1 300 117,000 19,500 2.5 48.8 51.25/10/96 8:30 AM 2:00 PM 330 1 300 99,000 16,500 2.5 41.3 9.9

Crop Cycle Totals 216,000 90.1


Certified Operator (Print) J oe Pigford Operator Certification # 0327



Tract # Field # Facility Number -

Field Size (acres) = (A)

Farm Owner Irrigation Operator

Owner’s Address 123 Hawg RoadPigtown, NC 27344


Same

Owner’s Phone # Operator’s Phone #



(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)Irrigation

Date(mm/dd/yr)

Start Time(hr:min)

End Time(hr:min)



Flow rate(gal/min)


(4) × (5) × (6)



1

PAN (lb/1000 gal)

PAN Applied(lb/ac)

[(8) × (9)] ÷ 1,000

Nitrogen Balance 2

(lb/ac)(B) - (10)

5/10/96 8:30 2:00 330 1 300 99,000 16,500 2.5 41.3 9.9

Crop Cycle Totals





Tract # T1005 Field # 5 Facility Number 99 - 999Field Size (acres) = (A) 8

Farm Owner Joe Pigford Irrigation Operator Joe PigfordOwner’s Address 123 Hawg Road

Pig town, NC 27344


Same

Owner’s Phone # (919) 555-4444 Operator’s Phone # Same

From Animal Waste Management PlanCrop Type bermuda hay Recommended PAN


(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)Irrigation

Date(mm/dd/yr)

Start Time(hr:min)

End Time(hr:min)



Flow rate(gal/min)


(4) × (5) × (6)



1

PAN (lb/1000 gal)

PAN Applied(lb/ac)

[(8) × (9)] ÷ 1,000

Nitrogen Balance 2

(lb/ac)(B) - (10)

3/26/96 8:00 AM 4:40 PM 520 1 300 156,000 19,500 2.5 48.8 251.25/16/96 7:00 AM 1:40 PM 400 1 300 120,000 15,000 2.5 37.5 213.7

6/1/96 8:00 AM 4:40 PM 520 1 300 156,000 19,500 2.5 48.8 164.9

7/20/96 10:00 AM 3:30 PM 330 1 300 99,000 12,375 2.5 30.9 134.0

Crop Cycle Totals 531,000 166.0





Review

Controlling Runoff and Erosion is important because sediment is a pollutant, it carries nutrients, and degrades top soil.

Always apply manure when crops can use it. Manure with highest nutrient content should go

to fields furthest away. Minimum records should include application

date, nutrient content, amount applied, field, and weather conditions.


Review When choosing application equipment, consider

nutrient losses, operating costs, uniformity of application, odor, and time of application.

Calibration can determine application rate, uniformity, and overlap and lane spacing.

Application rate is just the amount applied divided by the area it was applied to.

Surface applications of manure generally result in higher nutrient losses.


Review Record keeping can prevent problems, document

compliance and improve efficiency. Suggested records include application logs,

rainfall, animal populations, storage inspections, equipment maintenance, and water quality data.

Application records should include soil and manure tests, yields, application information and budgets.

Transport should include amount sold, buyer, and nutrient content.

Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program Pump and Haul Systems.

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