NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND...
-
Upload
carol-little -
Category
Documents
-
view
215 -
download
0
Transcript of NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND...
![Page 1: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT
FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY
TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDASOUTH FLORIDA
South Florida Ecosystem Program
![Page 2: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
Biscayne Bay Is An Oligotrophic Subtropical Estuary Which Provides Habitat To A Variety Of Plant And Animal Life
Nutrient-laden Discharges From East Coast Canals Threaten Ecological Health Of Bay (Biscayne Bay SWIM Plan)
Ecosystem Restoration Plans Diversion Of Discharges To Biscayne Bay To Re-establish Natural Flow To Everglades National Park
![Page 3: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION(CONTINUED)(CONTINUED)
Anthropogenic Activities Are Major Source Of Nutrients And May Result From Urban And Agricultural Runoff
• Adverse Effects Of Excessive Nutrients• Eutrophication• Algal Blooms• Phytoplankton Growth• Decreased Light Penetration Harmful To Submerged Aquatic
Vegetation• Hypoxia/anoxia
![Page 4: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
PROJECT OBJECTIVESPROJECT OBJECTIVES
Determine Method For Estimating Loads From Canals To Bay
Characterize Nutrient Concentration And Distribution In The East Coast Canals
Evaluate Sampling Methods In Order To Document Most Representative Manner Of Sample Collection
Determine Long-term Trends at Selected Sites in South Florida
![Page 5: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
DESCRIPTION OF PROJECTDESCRIPTION OF PROJECT
Samples Collected Upstream Of Gated Control Structures At East Coast Canals During Periods Of Flow
Depth-integrated And Point Or Grab Samples Collected
Depth-integrated Samples Collected By Equal-Width-Increment (EWI) Using Weighted Bottle Since Velocities < 2.0 Ft/sec
Instantaneous Discharge Determined for Each Sampling Event
![Page 6: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT (CONTINUED)(CONTINUED)
Samples Analyzed For:• Total Organic Nitrogen• Total Ammonia• Total Nitrite And Nitrate• Total Phosphorus• Total Orthophosphate• Kjeldahl Nitrogen (Calculated)• Total Nitrogen (Calculated)
![Page 7: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
LOCATION OF SAMPLING SITESLOCATION OF SAMPLING SITES
![Page 8: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
DESCRIPTION OF PROJECTDESCRIPTION OF PROJECT(CONTINUED)(CONTINUED)
Depth-integrated Samples Collected By Equal-Width-Increment (EWI) Method
• Stream Width Subdivided Into Equal Width Intervals With Sampling Vertical Associated With Each Interval
• Vertical With Highest Velocity Is Selected And Sampler Is Raised And Lowered At Constant Rate So Bottle Is Not Overfilled When Returned To Surface
![Page 9: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
DESCRIPTION OF PROJECTDESCRIPTION OF PROJECT(CONTINUED)(CONTINUED)
Depth-integrated Samples (Continued)
• Same Transit Rate Used In All Verticals But Sample Volume May Be Different
• Samples Composited In Churn Splitter
• Samples Collected In Amber Polyethylene Bottles And Chilled To 4 Degrees Centigrade And Sent To Lab
![Page 10: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
FIGURE SHOWING EWI SAMPLINGFIGURE SHOWING EWI SAMPLING
![Page 11: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
DESCRIPTION OF PROJECTDESCRIPTION OF PROJECT(CONTINUED)(CONTINUED)
Point Or Grab Samples
• Collected At 0.5 Or 1.0 Meter Below Water Surface in Middle of Stream
• Niskin Bottle Or Van Dorn Sampler
![Page 12: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
SNAPPER CREEK AT S-22 LOOKING UPSTREAMSNAPPER CREEK AT S-22 LOOKING UPSTREAM
![Page 13: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
SNAPPER CREEK AT S-22 DOWNSTREAMSNAPPER CREEK AT S-22 DOWNSTREAM
![Page 14: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
SAMPLES COMPOSITED IN CHURN AT BRIDGE SAMPLES COMPOSITED IN CHURN AT BRIDGE UPSTREAM OF S-22UPSTREAM OF S-22
![Page 15: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
SAMPLES COLLECTED WITH VAN DORN SAMPLER SAMPLES COLLECTED WITH VAN DORN SAMPLER AT SNAPPER CREEK S-22AT SNAPPER CREEK S-22
![Page 16: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
DESCRIPTION OF PROJECTDESCRIPTION OF PROJECT(CONTINUED)(CONTINUED)
Nutrient Concentrations In East Coast Canals:
• Total Organic Nitrogen Ranged From 0.20 To 1.7 Mg/l And Median Was 0.75 Mg/l
• Ammonia Ranged From 0.01 To 1.5 Mg/l And Median Was 0.10 Mg/l
• Nitrate Ranged From .001 To 4.38 Mg/l And Median Was 0.18 Mg/l
![Page 17: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
DESCRIPTION OF PROJECTDESCRIPTION OF PROJECT(CONTINUED)(CONTINUED)
Nutrient Concentrations (Continued)
• Total Nitrogen Ranged From 0.31 To 4.7 Mg/l And Median Was 1.47 Mg/l
• Total Phosphorus Ranged From .004 To 0.31 Mg/l And Median Was 0.02 Mg/l
• Orthophosphate Ranged From <.001 To 0.26 Mg/l And Median Was .005 Mg/l
![Page 18: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
DESCRIPTION OF PROJECTDESCRIPTION OF PROJECT(CONTINUED)(CONTINUED)
Five Sites (G58, G93, S-26, S-27, And S-123) Had Ammonia Concentrations That Exceeded The Miami-Dade DERM Standard Of 0.5 Mg/l
Maximum Total Phosphorus Concentration Of 0.31 Mg/l At G58 (Arch Creek) Was Above Recommended EPA Upper Limit Of 0.10 Mg/l To Control Eutrophication
![Page 19: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
DESCRIPTION OF PROJECTDESCRIPTION OF PROJECT(CONTINUED)(CONTINUED)
Nutrient Distribution In East Coast Canals Based On Land Use Categories
• Agricultural (S-20f, S-20g, S021, S21a)
• Urban (G-58, G-93, S-22, S-25, S-25b, S-26, S-27, S-28, S-29, S-123)
• Wetland (S-20)
![Page 20: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
MEDIAN TOTAL ORGANIC NITROGEN CONCENTRATIONS MEDIAN TOTAL ORGANIC NITROGEN CONCENTRATIONS WERE HIGHEST IN WETLAND AND URBAN AREASWERE HIGHEST IN WETLAND AND URBAN AREAS
![Page 21: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
MEDIAN CONCENTRATIONS OF TOTAL AMMONIAMEDIAN CONCENTRATIONS OF TOTAL AMMONIAWERE HIGHEST IN URBAN AREASWERE HIGHEST IN URBAN AREAS
![Page 22: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
MEDIAN NITRATE CONCENTRATIONS WERE HIGHEST IN MEDIAN NITRATE CONCENTRATIONS WERE HIGHEST IN AGRICULTURAL AREASAGRICULTURAL AREAS
![Page 23: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
MEDIAN TOTAL PHOSPHORUS CONCENTRATIONS WERE MEDIAN TOTAL PHOSPHORUS CONCENTRATIONS WERE HIGHEST IN URBAN AREASHIGHEST IN URBAN AREAS
![Page 24: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
DESCRIPTION OF PROJECTDESCRIPTION OF PROJECT(CONTINUED)(CONTINUED)
• Comparison Of Grab With Depth-integrated Samples For Total Nitrogen And Total Phosphorus
• Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test – Exact Form Of The Test Statistic
• Comparison Between Grab Samples At 0.5 Meter Depth And EWI Samples
• Comparison Of Grab Samples At 1.0 Meter Depth And EWI Samples
• Comparison Of Grabs At 0.5 Meter Depth And 1.0 Meter Depth
![Page 25: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECTDESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT(CONTINUED)(CONTINUED)
• Statistical Interpretation Of Differences Between Grab Samples And Depth-integrated Samples
• Total Nitrogen
• No Significant Differences Between Grabs And Depth-integrated Samples (P<.025)
![Page 26: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
DESCRIPTION OF PROJECTDESCRIPTION OF PROJECT(CONTINUED)(CONTINUED)
• Statistical Interpretation Of Differences (Continued)
• Total Phosphorus
• Three Sites (25%) Showed Significant Differences Between Grabs At 1.0 Meter Depth And Depth-integrated Samples
• One Site (33%) Showed Differences Between Grabs At 0.5 Meter Depth And Depth-integrated Samples
![Page 27: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
DESCRIPTION OF PROJECTDESCRIPTION OF PROJECT(CONTINUED)(CONTINUED)
• Water-Quality Cross-section Surveys
• Document Water-Quality Homogeneity In The East Coast Canal System
• At Several Sites Temperature, Dissolved Oxygen, pH, And Specific Conductance Measured Beneath Surface And At 2-foot Intervals To Streambed
• Dissolved Oxygen Was Only Parameter Showing Variation In Cross-section
![Page 28: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
DESCRIPTION OF PROJECTDESCRIPTION OF PROJECT(CONTINUED)(CONTINUED)
• Water-Quality Cross-section Survey At Snapper Creek At S-22
• Temperature, Dissolved Oxygen, pH, Specific Conductance Measured From 1.0 Foot Below Surface Every 2 Feet To Streambed
• Total Nitrogen And Total Phosphorus Samples Collected Every 2 Feet To Above Streambed
![Page 29: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
DESCRIPTION OF PROJECTDESCRIPTION OF PROJECT(CONTINUED)(CONTINUED)
Water-Quality Cross-section Survey (Continued)
• Discharge Of 414 Cfs During Measurements
• Suspended Sediment Sample Collected By EWI And By Grab
![Page 30: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
DISSOLVEDDISSOLVEDOXYGENOXYGENDECREASEDDECREASEDWITHWITHDEPTHDEPTH
![Page 31: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
TOTALTOTALNITROGENNITROGENAND TOTALAND TOTALPHOSPHORUSPHOSPHORUSINCREASED INCREASED WITH DEPTHWITH DEPTH
![Page 32: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
DESCRIPTION OF PROJECTDESCRIPTION OF PROJECT(CONTINUED)(CONTINUED)
• Suspended Sediment Sample Collected By EWI Method Was 3.0 Mg/l And By Grab Method Was 1.0 Mg/l
• Depth-integrated Samples Collected By EWI Probably More Accurately Reflect Phosphorus Concentration Than Those Collected As Grabs
![Page 33: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
DESCRIPTION OF PROJECTDESCRIPTION OF PROJECT(CONTINUED)(CONTINUED)
• Relation Between Grab And Depth-integrated Samples
• Line Of Organic Correlation (LOC) Describes Relation Between Two Variables. No Reduction in Variance of Estimated Values
SAMPLES EWI OF AVERAGE
SAMPLE EWI
DEVIATION STANDARD
1 R IF 1- SGN(R) 0, R
if 0 SGN(R) 1, R if 1 SGN(R) T,COEFFICIEN NCORRELATIO
GRABS OF AVERAGE
GRAB
)()(
,
X
X
SS
R
Y
Y
XXS
SRSGNYY
XY
X
Y
![Page 34: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
DESCRIPTION OF PROJECTDESCRIPTION OF PROJECT(CONTINUED)(CONTINUED)
• Grab Samples Underestimate Phosphorus Concentration Compared To EWI Samples
• S-21 (0.5) Grab = 0.25EWI + .00625
• S-21 (1.0) Grab = 0.2973EWI + .0057
• S-25b (1.0) Grab = 0.8255EWI - .0018
• S-28 (1.0) Grab = 1.093EWI - .008
![Page 35: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
DESCRIPTION OF PROJECTDESCRIPTION OF PROJECT(CONTINUED)(CONTINUED)
• Determination Of Constituent Loads
TONS/DAY TO FACTOR CONVERSION
IONCONCENTRAT TCONSTITUEN
(CFS) DISCHARGE
(TONS/DAY) LOAD
x X
F
C
Q
L
FCQL
![Page 36: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
DESCRIPTION OF PROJECTDESCRIPTION OF PROJECT(CONTINUED)(CONTINUED)
• Discharge Computed Corresponding to Each Sampling Event
• Fundamental Equations
)(2
CULVERTS FOR EQUATIONFLOW ORIFICE
)(2
SPILLWAYS GATED FORFLOW WEIRSUBMERGED
)(2
SPILLWAYS GATED FORFLOW ORIFICE SUBMERGED
hHgACQ
hHgLhCQ
hHgLhCQ
C
WS
gs
![Page 37: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
DESCRIPTION OF PROJECTDESCRIPTION OF PROJECT(CONTINUED)(CONTINUED)
• Linear Regression Analysis To Develop Predictive Models
• Load Was Dependent Variable
• Discharge Was Explanatory Or Predictor Variable
• Best Model Based On Highest R-squared And Lowest Predicted Error Sum Of Squares (PRESS)
• R-squared Averaged 0.87 For Nitrogen Models And 0.76 For Phosphorus Models
![Page 38: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
DESCRIPTION OF PROJECTDESCRIPTION OF PROJECT(CONTINUED)(CONTINUED)
• Log-linear Model Called Estimator Used At Miami Canal S-26
• Used For Load Estimation By NAWQA
• Continuous Discharge Data
• Minimum Of 50 Samples For Period Of At Least 2 Years
• Minimum Variance Unbiased Estimator (MVUE) For Elimination Of Bias From Log Space To Real Space And Adjusted Maximum Likelihood Estimator (AMLE) For Censored Data
![Page 39: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
DESCRIPTION OF PROJECTDESCRIPTION OF PROJECT(CONTINUED)(CONTINUED)
ESTIMATORESTIMATOR
FUNCTION PERIODIC22
DISCHARGE
TIME DECIMAL
TSCOEFFICIEN
CONSTANT
LOAD
LOGARITHM NATURAL
22lnln
6 TO 1
0
652
432
210
tt
Q
T
L
Ln
ttTTQQLnL
COSSIN
COSSIN
![Page 40: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
![Page 41: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
![Page 42: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
DESCRIPTION OF PROJECTDESCRIPTION OF PROJECT(CONTINUED)(CONTINUED)
• Water-Quality Trends At Two Long-term Discharge Sites In South Florida
• Miami Canal At S-26 (1966 To 1994). Represents Flow Through Agricultural, Conservation and Urban Areas.
• Tamiami Canal 40-mile Bend To Monroe (1967 T0 1993). Represents Overland Sheet flow From Big Cypress National Preserve.
![Page 43: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
DESCRIPTION OF PROJECTDESCRIPTION OF PROJECT(CONTINUED)(CONTINUED)
• Constituents Analyzed For:
• Major Inorganics And Physical Characteristics• Field Parameters: Specific Conductance, pH, Dissolved
Oxygen• Suspended Sediment• Nitrogen And Phosphorus Species• Total Organic Carbon• Trace Metals• Fecal Coliform And Fecal Streptococcus• Phytoplankton
![Page 44: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
LOCATION OF SAMPLING SITESLOCATION OF SAMPLING SITES
![Page 45: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
TAMIAMI CANAL OUTLETSTAMIAMI CANAL OUTLETS
![Page 46: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
OUTLET ON TAMIAMI CANAL IN BIG CYPRESS OUTLET ON TAMIAMI CANAL IN BIG CYPRESS NATIONAL PRESERVENATIONAL PRESERVE
![Page 47: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
MIAMI CANAL AT S-26MIAMI CANAL AT S-26
![Page 48: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
DESCRIPTION OF PROJECTDESCRIPTION OF PROJECT(CONTINUED)(CONTINUED)
• Extraneous Variation in Water-Quality Must Be Removed in Order to Ascertain Anthropogenic Changes on Water-Quality
• Extraneous Variation in Water-Quality Caused by:
• Seasonality
• Discharge
![Page 49: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
DESCRIPTION OF PROJECTDESCRIPTION OF PROJECT(CONTINUED)(CONTINUED)
• ESTREND – A Program For Determining Monotonic Trends In Water-Quality
• Non-parametric Seasonal Kendall Trend (SKT) Test To Remove Extraneous Variation
• SKT Applied To Time Series Of Flow-adjusted Concentrations (Residuals) From Regression Of Concentration With Discharge
• Time Series Of Non-adjusted Concentrations
![Page 50: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
DESCRIPTION OF PROJECTDESCRIPTION OF PROJECT(CONTINUED)(CONTINUED)
• Form Of Linear Models• Conservative Constituents (Dissolved Solids, Cations And Anions)
)1(1 HYPERBOLIC ,1 INVERSE ,ln LINEAR,)(
DISCHARGE OUSINSTANTANE OR DAILY MEAN
SLOPE
INTERCEPT
IONCONCENTRAT ESTIMATED
)(
QQQQf
Q
b
a
C
QbfaC
![Page 51: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
DESCRIPTION OF PROJECTDESCRIPTION OF PROJECT(CONTINUED)(CONTINUED)
• Form Of Linear Models (Continued)• Non-conservative Constituents (Nitrogen And Phosphorus
Species, Suspended Sediment, Organic Carbon, Bacteria And Phytoplankton)
• Non-linear Method – Fitting Concentration/discharge Or Log Concentration/log Discharge Relation By LOWESS
221 )(lnlnLnC QbQba
![Page 52: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
![Page 53: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
![Page 54: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
SUMMARYSUMMARY
• Nutrient Concentrations Vary In The East Coast Canals Based On Land Use Categories
• No Statistical Differences Between EWI And Grab Samples For Total Nitrogen But 25% Of Sites Showed Differences For Total Phosphorus
• Coefficients Of Determination (R2) For Nitrogen Models Averaged 0.87 And 0.76 For Phosphorus Models
• Long-term Trends At Miami Canal At S-26 And Tamiami Canal Showed Both Improvement And Deterioration In Water-Quality With Time
![Page 55: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
WHERE DO WE GO FROM HERE?WHERE DO WE GO FROM HERE?
• Continued Water-quality Monitoring At Tamiami Canal And Miami Canal At S-26
• Continued Water-quality Monitoring At East Coast Canal Sites
![Page 56: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION, DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORT FROM THE EAST COAST CANALS TO BISCAYNE BAY AND WATER-QUALITY TRENDS AT SELECTED SITES IN SOUTH FLORIDA.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dbc5503460f94aadddc/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
• South Florida Water Management District Employees
• George Hwa, Control Room• Ron Dempsey, Supervisor, Homestead Field Office• Dawn Browning, Supervisor, Miami Field Office