Nursing Management- Motivational Theories

7/23/2019 Nursing Management- Motivational Theories

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The Porter-LawlerModel Porter and Lawler

Equity Theory John Stacey Adam

Self- EcacyTheory

Albert Bandura

ontrol Theor ar!er and Schcie

"T#E$M"T%&AT%"'AL

T#E"$%ES


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The Porter-Lawler Model Porter and Lawler

Porter and Lawler used &ictor &room(s e)*ectancy thefoundation to de!elo* their e)*ectancy model+ Similar totheory, Porter and Lawler concluded that an indi!idual(s mto com*lete a tas is a.ected by the reward they e)*ect for com*letin/ the tas+ #owe!er Porter and Lawler i

additional as*ects to the e)*ectancy theory+


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The Porter-Lawler ModelPorter and Lawler

The model presatisfaction is detthe perceived intrinsic and rewards for

performance.


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Equity TheoryJohn Stacey Adams

1963 John Stacey A

Idea that fairneand equity are kcomponents of

motivated individ

The higher anindividual's perce

of equity, the mmotivated they w

If someone perce

an unfair environmthey will bedemotivated


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utputs

!hat the workergets from a "ob

#are

repse

Inputs!hat a workercontributes to a

"ob

$%ort,work,determ

&oncept that people dsatisfaction and motivation

their e%orts (inputs) an(outputs) with those of the

in the same or other


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Individuals develop their perception of calculating a ratio of their inputs and outcomcomparing this to the ratio of others.

+n individual may not perceive he is being trwhen he works hours per week and receivpay, while his co-worker works 0 hours per

receives /1 in pay.If the comparative ratios are perceived by thebe unequal, then inequity exists.

Inequity exists when there is a perceived di%ratios of inputs and outcomes.

2nderpayment inequity and overpayment ine

+s the di%erence in inequity increases, the tensdistress felt by an individual will increase.

#maller di%erences of inequity are more tolesigni*cant di%erences of inequity.

The greater tension an individual feels due to pinequity, the harder they will work to decrease tand increase perceived levels of equity $xamples include decreasing productivity at

a new "ob, asking for a wage increase, or atte"ustify changes in their perceptions of inputs


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$quity

Individual outcomesor rewards will be in

proportion toindividual inputs

and e%orts.

$quality

3ewards are equalgiven out to all

participants despitindividual inputs


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Self- Ecacy TheoryAlbert Bandura+ccording to +lbert 4andura,

self-e5cacy is 6the belief in

one7s capabilities to organi8e

and execute the courses of

action required to manage

prospective situations9.

In other words, self-e5cacy is a

person7s belief in his or her

ability to succeed in a particular

situation. 4andura described

these beliefs as determinants of

how people think, behave, and

feel.

4eliefs of #elf-e5cacy beg

early childhood as childrewide variety of experience

situations. :owever, the g

e5cacy does not end duri

continues to evolve throu

people acquire new skills,

eople can identify goals

accomplish, things they w

change, and to achieve. :

people also reali8e that

plans into action is not

4andura found that an ind

e5cacy plays a ma"or role

tasks, and challenges are a


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Self- Ecacy TheoryAlbert Bandura

$;$ !IT: + #T3-$>>I&+&?@

Aiew challenging problems as

tasks to be mastered.

Bevelop deeper interest in the

activities in which they participate.

>orm a stronger sense of

commitment to their interests and

activities.

3ecover quickly from setbacks and

disappointments

$;$ !IT: + !$+C #$

$>>I&+&?@

+void challenging tasks.

4elieve that di5cult

situations are beyond thei

>ocus on personal failings

outcomes.

Duickly lose con*dence

abilities.


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>23 E+F3 #23&$# > #$;>-$>>I&+&?.

/. Eastery $xperiences

G. #ocial Eodeling

0. #ocial ersuasion

. sychological 3esponses

erforming a task

strengthens our sense of

:owever, failing to adequat

task or challenge can u

weaken self-e5cacy.

G. #ocial Eodeling

!itnessing other people

completing a task is anot

source of self-e5cacy.

6#eeing people similar to o

by sustained e%ort rais

beliefs that they too

capabilities master compar

to succeed9

i i i


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reactions to situations

important role in self-e5c

Eoods, emotional st

reactions, and stress

impact how a person fe

personal abilities in

situation.

+ person who becom

nervous before speaking

develop a weak sense of

these situations.

0. #ocial ersuasion 4andura also asserted that people

could be inuenced to belief that

they have the skills and capabilities

to succeed.

&onsider a time when someone said

something positive and encouraging

that helped you achieve a goal.

=etting verbal encouragement from

others helps people overcome self-

doubt and instead focus on giving

their best e%ort to the task at hand.


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Nursing Management- Motivational Theories

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