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Nursing: Home Health Aide

March 2010 Needs Assessment

Prepared by Carli Straight Date: March 18, 2010 Nursing: Home Health Aide

RRN 1,692

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Scope Data compiled in this report covers San Bernardino, Riverside, Orange, and Los Angeles counties. Data were drawn from external sources, including the Employment Development Department’s California Labor Market Information and the U.S. Department of Education’s Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), as well as Chaffey College’s Colleague Administrative database. Data Sources and Calculations Educational Program Data TOP Code Program of Study

1230.80 Home Health Aide The Taxonomy of Programs (TOP) is a standardized system used at the state level to classify programs and courses at California Community Colleges that are intended to achieve the same outcome. CIP Code Program of Study

51.2602 Home Health Aide/Home Attendant The Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) is a standardized coding system used at the federal level to facilitate accurate tracking, assessment, and reporting of fields of study and program completion at educational institutions throughout the country. This report draws on the Home Health Aide/Home Attendant CIP code, which maps to the Home Health Aide TOP code, to compare Chaffey College to other institutions and examine employment trends. Completions Data Degree and certificate data regarding students at Chaffey College were collected from the Colleague Administrative database. Degree and certificate data for all comparison schools were collected from the U.S. Department of Education’s Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS). All comparison institutions included in this report are postsecondary and have provided data to IPEDS. IPEDS defines postsecondary education as a formal program designed primarily for students beyond high school age. These include academic, vocational, and continuing professional education, and exclude avocational and adult basic education programs. Occupational Data SOC Code Occupational Title

31.1011 Home Health Aides The Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system is used by federal statistical agencies to classify workers into occupational categories. The Home Health Aide/Home Attendant CIP code was mapped to the SOC code listed in the table above using the crosswalk described in the paragraph below. Educational Program to Occupation Crosswalk The TOP-CIP-SOC Crosswalk (Employment Development Department, 2007) was used in this report to map TOP codes to CIP and SOC codes. This crosswalk allows the user to estimate labor market demand for California Community College program completers using SOC-based projections from the California Labor Market Information Division.

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Industry Data The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) is used by federal statistical agencies to classify business establishments for the purpose of conducting and reporting research on the U.S. business economy. The Standard Occupation Classification codes are mapped to industry data by the California Labor Market Information Division. Industry information is used to geographically map the business locations of potential employers as well as to observe trends across the industries that employ the occupations identified above.

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Introduction and Contents Contents Background Information 5 Regional Job Outlook 6 Largest and Fastest Growing Industry Employers 8 Regional Graduation Summary 10 Chaffey College’s Performance on Core Indicators 11 Map of Regional Employers and Competitor Institutions 12 Purpose and Goals Chaffey College currently offers a certificate option in the Nursing: Home Health Aide program. The following is a description of the program as outlined in the 2009-10 Catalog: “To enter the Home Health Aide (HHA) program, the student must have an active California State Certified Nursing Assistant (CNA) certificate. The Home Health Aide program is a state certified add-on certificate to the CNA certificate that prepares students for entry level positions with home health agencies. The Home Health Aide courses prepare the CNA to provide care independently in the patient’s home or in assisted living, independent living, and hospice environments.” The purpose of this report is to integrate and analyze data from multiple sources to determine labor market needs for the Nursing: Home Health Aide program at Chaffey College.

Regional Definitions Inland Empire includes the Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) Los Angeles County includes the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale Metropolitan Division Orange County includes the Santa Ana-Anaheim-Irvine Metropolitan Division Key Terms and Concepts Replacement Jobs: Replacement jobs refer to the number of job openings due to workers leaving an occupation. Annual Openings: Annual openings are calculated by adding the number of new jobs to the number of replacement jobs, divided by the number of years in the projection period. Projections: Projections of employment are calculated by the Employment Development Department and are based on a mathematical formula that includes historical employment and economic indicators along with national, state, and local trends. Occupation: Jobs are grouped into occupations using the federal Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. Industry: Occupations are grouped into industries using the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). Wages: Hourly wages are reported in percentiles and averages. The 25th percentile is a useful proxy of entry-level wages and the 75th percentile of experienced-level wages.

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Background Information 1 California Community Colleges, Chancellor’s Office, Taxonomy of Programs, Sixth Edition (Corrected Version). 2 O*Net Online: http://online.onetcenter.org/find

Home Health Aides Nursing programs in California Community Colleges focus on teaching students principles and techniques for assisting the individual, sick or well, in the performance of those activities contributing to health or to recovery. Home Health Aide programs teach students the principles and techniques used to assist elderly, convalescent, or disabled patients in their homes.1 The description of job duties for Home Health Aides is provided by the Occupational Information Network.2

Home Health Aides Home Health Aides provide routine, personal healthcare, such as bathing, dressing, or grooming to elderly, convalescent, or disabled persons in the home of the patient or in a residential care facility. Typical Tasks

♦ Maintain records of patient care, condition, progress, or problems to report and discuss observations with supervisor or case manager

♦ Provide patients with help moving in and out of beds, baths, wheelchairs or automobiles, and with dressing and grooming

♦ Provide patients and families with emotional support and instruction in areas such as caring for infants, preparing healthy meals, living independently, or adapting to disability or illness

♦ Change bed linens, wash and iron patients’ laundry, and clean patients’ quarters ♦ Entertain, converse with, or read aloud to patients to keep them mentally healthy and alert ♦ Plan, purchase, prepare, or serve meals to patients or other family members, according to

prescribed diets ♦ Direct patients in simple prescribed exercises or in the use of braces or artificial limbs ♦ Check patient’s pulse, temperature and respiration ♦ Change dressings ♦ Perform a variety of duties as required by client, such as obtaining household supplies or

running errands

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Regional Job Outlook

Projected Regional Job Outlook The table below displays 2006 employment estimates and 2016 projections for Home Health Aide jobs. Each of the regions of interest are expected to provide a number of annual job openings, however, opportunities are most numerous in Orange County, followed by Los Angeles County and then the Inland Empire. In addition, most of these openings are due to new rather than replacement jobs.

Total

Estimated 2006 Jobs

Total Projected 2016 Jobs

Projected Growth (%)

Ave. Annual New Job Openings

Ave. Annual Replacement Job Openings

Ave. Annual Total Job Openings

Home Health Aides

State of California 48,000 66,700 18,700 (39.0%) 1,870 430 2,300

Inland Empire 4,000 5,240 1,240 (31.0%) 124 36 160

Los Angeles CO 9,240 10,940 1,700 (18.4%) 170 83 253

Orange CO 5,910 8,630 2,720 (46.0%) 272 53 325

Source: Labor Market Information Division, Employment Development Department, Occupation Profile, on the Internet at: http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/ (visited March 9, 2010). Projected Regional Job Growth The graph below shows the projected growth from 2006 to 2016 of Home Health Aide jobs. All regions of interest show strong growth, but Orange County is expected to grow the most over this time period.

0

10

20

30

40

50

California Inland Empire Los Angeles County

Orange County

% G

row

th

Home Health Aides

Source: Labor Market Information Division, Employment Development Department, Occupation Profile, on the Internet at: http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/ (visited March 9, 2010).

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Regional Hourly Wages This table displays the 2009 hourly wage statistics of Home Health Aides. Wages are fairly low for this profession, with the 25th percentile figures not much higher than the current California state minimum wage of $8.00/hr. However, there is slight variation by region of interest, with the highest wages in Orange County and lowest in the Inland Empire.

Mean Hourly Rate 25th Percentile Median Hourly Rate 75th Percentile

Home Health Aides

State of California $11.07 $9.08 $10.21 $12.15

Inland Empire $10.41 $8.94 $9.88 $11.43

Los Angeles CO $11.08 $9.01 $10.01 $12.04

Orange CO $11.31 $9.22 $10.65 $12.53

Source: Labor Market Information Division, Employment Development Department, Occupation Profile, on the Internet at: http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/ (visited March 9, 2010).

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Largest and Fastest Growing Industry Employers

Largest Industry Employers of Home Health Aides The graphs below display the 2006 staffing patterns of the largest industries employing Home Health Aides across the state of California. Community Care Facilities for the Elderly and Residential Mental Health Facilities employ the greatest numbers of these professionals.

0

3,000

6,000

9,000

12,000

15,000

18,000

Num

ber o

f Em

ploy

ees

Home Health Aides

Source: Labor Market Information Division, Employment Development Department, Staffing Patterns, on the Internet at: http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/iomatrix/staffing-patterns1.asp (visited March 9, 2010).

N/A

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Change Over Time of the Largest Industry Employers of Home Health Aides The graphs below display projections of change over time from 2006-2016 of the largest industries employing Home Health Aides in the state of California. Community Care Facilities for the Elderly are expected to grow the most, whereas Other Residential Care Facilities are expected to experience a decline in the number of Home Health Aides they employ.

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Perc

ent C

hang

eHome Health Aides

Source: Labor Market Information Division, Employment Development Department, Staffing Patterns, on the Internet at: http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/iomatrix/staffing-patterns1.asp (visited March 9, 2010).

N/A

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Regional Graduation Summary

Education and Training3

Home Health Aides must receive formal training and pass a competency test to work for certified home health or hospice agencies that receive funding through Medicare or Medicaid. They must complete a training program consisting of 75 hours and a competency evaluation or state certification. In addition, a minimum of 16 hours of supervised training are required before an aide has direct contact with a patient. Home Health Aides who work as personal or home care aides, and not for an agency that receives funding from Medicare or Medicaid, are generally not required to have a high school diploma or any special training. Rather, these individuals are trained on the job by registered nurses, licensed practical nurses, experienced aides, or another supervisor. Regional Completers in Home Health Aide Programs The table below displays the number of program completers in the 2007-08 academic year at regional institutions offering Home Health Aide programs. Besides Chaffey College, there are 7 institutions offering degrees or certificates below the baccalaureate level across the four county region. However, only Palo Verde College produced graduates of their program during the 2007-08 academic year.

Institution Name Award Level

< 1 year Certificate 1 to < 2 year Certificate

Associate’s Degree

2 to < 4 year Certificate

Chaffey College -- -- -- 0

Antelope Valley College 0 -- -- --

Citrus College 0 -- -- --

College of the Canyons 0 -- -- --

College of the Desert 0 -- -- --

Copper Mountain Community College -- -- -- 0

Long Beach City College 0 -- -- --

Palo Verde College 11 -- -- --

Total 11 -- -- 0

Note: “--“ indicates that this type of degree is not offered. “0” indicates that this degree/certificate level is offered but no degrees or certificates were granted. Source: National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Department of Education, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, on the Internet at: http://www.nces.ed.gov/collegenavigator/ (visited March 9, 2010) 3 Bureau of Labor Statistics, United States Department of Labor, Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2010-11 Edition, on the Internet at: http://www.bls.gov/OCO/ (visited March 9, 2010).

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Chaffey College’s Performance on Core Indicators The Perkins IV Career and Technical Education Improvement Act of 2006 mandates that all state and local postsecondary institutions provide data on six core performance indicators for their career and technical education programs. These indicators are: 1) Technical Skill Attainment; 2) Completions; 3) Persistence and Transfer; 4) Employment; 5) Nontraditional Participation; and 6) Nontraditional Completion. Performance goals are set at the state and local levels and progress is monitored based on a comparison between the actual percentage of students who master each performance area and the negotiated levels of performance. 2007-2008 Chaffey College Performance on Core Indicators The table below displays negotiated and actual core performance indicator levels for all Chaffey College students classified under the Home Health Aide TOP code. Unfortunately, the number of students in the Home Health Aide program is not enough to allow for any conclusions to be drawn regarding performance on any of the six indicators.

Core Performance Indicators Negotiated Level

Chaffey College Performance

Percent Above or Below District

Negotiated Level State District

Home Health Aide

Core 1 – Technical Skill Attainment 92.46% 92.46% 50.00% N/A

Core 2 – Completions- Credential, Certificate, Degree, or Transfer Ready 66.13% 66.13% 100.00% N/A

Core 3 – Persistence and Transfer 82.18% 82.18% 50.00% N/A

Core 4 – Employment 79.86% 79.86% DR N/A

Core 5a – Non-traditional Participation 21.47% 17.76% 0.00% N/A

Core 5b – Non-traditional Completions 23.28% 17.72% 0.00% N/A

Notes: 1 The DR notation indicates privacy requirements - EDD requires that counts less than six not be displayed. 2 N/A (Not Applicable) indicates denominators less that 10. Source: CA Community Colleges Reporting Services, Home Health Aide, College Core Indicator Information by 6-Digit TOP (2009-2010).

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Map of Regional Employers and Competitor Institutions

Community Care Facilities for the Elderly employ 36% of all Home Health Aides in the state of California. Across all four counties of interest, there are 1,628 employers in these industries listed by the California Labor Market (885 in Los Angeles County, 416 in Orange County, 167 in Riverside County, and 160 in San Bernardino County). This map illustrates the location of each of these employers. Also included are the locations of Chaffey College and other competitor schools offering Home Health Aide programs.