Nursing Administration and ManagementCareers in Nursing Administration and ManagementNurse managers oversee teams of registered nurses and nurse practitioners, often stationed on a single hospital floor or within a specific hospital department, like oncology, the emergency room or pediatrics. Nurse managers and administrators begin their careers as registered nurses, and, through experience, they develop the skills necessary to become effective managers. Nurse managers must have excellent leadership and communication skills. They often interact with hospital administrators and health care professionals in other specialties. Great nurse managers are both diplomatic and persuasive. They understand the challenges facing today's health care industry and are able to work within the system to provide patients with first rate medical care.

2. Levels of Management - Top, Middle and Lower LevelPost: Gaurav Akrani.Date: 5/01/2011 10:14:00 AM IST.No Comments.Label:Management.Meaning of Levels of Management

Many managers work in an organisation. However, these managers do not work at the same level. They work and operate at different positions. Hierarchy of these managerial positions is calledLevels of Management.

Three Levels of Management

Generally, there are Three Levels of Management, viz.,Administrative or Top Levelof Management.Executive or Middle Levelof Management.Supervisory or Lower Levelof Management.At each level, individual manager has to carry out different roles and functions.

Diagram of Levels of Management

Top Level of Management

The Top LevelManagementconsists of the Board of Directors (BOD) and the Chief Executive Officer (CEO). The Chief Executive Officer is also called General Manager (GM) or Managing Director (MD) or President. The Board of Directors are the representatives of the Shareholders, i.e. they are selected by the Shareholders of the company. Similarly, the Chief Executive Officer is selected by the Board of Directors of an organisation.The main role of the top level management is summarized as follows :-The top level management determines the objectives, policies and plans of the organisation.They mobilises (assemble and bring together) available resources.The top level management does mostly the work of thinking, planning and deciding. Therefore, they are also called as the Administrators and the Brain of the organisation.They spend more time in planning and organising.They prepare long-term plans of the organisation which are generally made for 5 to 20 years.The top level management has maximum authority and responsibility. They are the top or final authority in the organisation. They are directly responsible to the Shareholders, Government and the General Public. The success or failure of the organisation largely depends on their efficiency and decision making.They require more conceptual skills and less technical Skills.Middle Level of Management

The Middle Level Management consists of the Departmental Heads (HOD), Branch Managers, and the Junior Executives. The Departmental heads are Finance Managers, Purchase Managers, etc. The Branch Managers are the head of a branch or local unit. The Junior Executives are Assistant Finance Managers, Assistant Purchase Managers, etc. The Middle level Management is selected by the Top Level Management.The middle level management emphasize more on following tasks :-Middle level management gives recommendations (advice) to the top level management.It executes (implements) the policies and plans which are made by the top level management.It co-ordinate the activities of all the departments.They also have to communicate with the top level Management and the lower level management.They spend more time in co-ordinating and communicating.They prepare short-term plans of their departments which are generally made for 1 to 5 years.The middle Level Management has limited authority and responsibility. They are intermediary between top and lower management. They are directly responsible to the chief executive officer and board of directors.Require more managerial and technical skills and less conceptual skills.Lower Level of Management

The lower level management consists of the Foremen and the Supervisors. They are selected by the middle level management. It is also called Operative / Supervisory level or First Line of Management.The lower level management performs following activities :-Lower level management directs the workers / employees.They develops morale in the workers.It maintains a link between workers and the middle level management.The lower level management informs the workers about the decisions which are taken by the management. They also inform the management about the performance, difficulties, feelings, demands, etc., of the workers.They spend more time in directing and controlling.The lower level managers make daily, weekly and monthly plans.They have limited authority but important responsibility of getting the work done from the workers. They regularly report and are directly responsible to the middle level management.Along with the experience and basic management skills, they also require more technical and communication skills.

1. 3. Small Business>2. Managing Employees>3. ManagersCharacteristics and Attributes of a Good Managerby Melinda Hill Mendoza, Demand Media

Good managers are able to bring their teams together around common goals.Related Articles Employee Attributes Checklist How to Identify Characteristics of a Good Marketing Plan What Are the Attributes of a Good Supervisor? Good Characteristics of an Entrepreneur 5 Different Types of Leadership Styles Characteristics of a Strong Federal Account Manager

Good management is critical to the success of a small business. Poor management affects staff morale, customer service and the quality of your product. Since small businesses may only have a few managers, even one poor manager can have a significant impact on your bottom line. Successful managers have common characteristics that you can seek out and develop in your own management staff.Ads by GoogleTask Management SoftwareFree solution for tasksand projects managementzondertask.comLeadershipGood managers should be able to lead the employees they manage. Leadership traits include emotional stability, enthusiasm and self-assurance, according to the U.S. Small Business Administration. Managers display emotional stability by not letting frustration and stress become overwhelming. Enthusiasm means the manager is energetic and engaged. Managers display self-assurance by not being overly affected by mistakes or failures.CommunicationGood managers must be able to communicate well. Managers communicate to employees who report to them, other managers and clients. Communication may be in person, over the phone or via email. Managers also facilitate communication between employees who report to them. Good managers are also able to listen effectively. They take the time to listen to what employees and customers have to say and are able to communicate that they understood what was said and act accordingly. Good managers are also aware of nonverbal communication. What they do communicates as loudly as anything they say. Good managers are aware of the example they set for the employees they manage.Related Reading:How to Identify Characteristics of a Good Marketing PlanPlanningGood managers are organized. They know what needs to be done and when it needs to be done. They know and understand the goals of your business and what the employees they supervise need to do to achieve that goal. If you give them a task or goal, they are able to plan the steps involved in achieving that goal and communicate the steps to the employees that need to carry those steps out. Exactly what needs to be planned varies depending on the type of business. Typically, good managers need to be able to plan out schedules, inventory and departmental budgets.Problem-SolvingGood managers are able to identify and solve problems. Whether its a personnel issue, an upset customer or a difficult vendor, good managers can think of creative solutions to problems, then execute the solutions. Good managers also take responsibility for problems that arise rather than seeing them as someone elses responsibility and take an ethical approach to problem-solving.4. Answer:Research by Robert L. Katz concluded that managers needed three essential skills. These are technical skills, human skills, and conceptual skills. Technical skillsare the job-specific knowledge and techniques needed to perform specific tasks proficiently. Human skills involve the ability to work well with other people both individually and in a group. Conceptual skillsare the skills managers use to think and to conceptualize about abstract and complex situations.

Technical skills tend to be more important for lower-level managers. This is because lower-level managers typically manage employees who use tools and techniques to produce the organization's products and services. Human skills are equally important at all levels of management, because all managers must deal directly with people. Conceptual skills are most important at top levels of management. Managers at top levels must use conceptual skills to see the organization as a whole, to understand the relationships among various subunits, and to visualize how the organization fits into its broader environment.