Numerex-Slides-12.10.15

Where IoT Connects

Will Low-Power Devices Bring

High-Volume IoT Deployments?

An M2M Zone Webinar

Moderated by: Robin Duke-WoolleyFounder & CEO

Beecham Research

Presenter: Rod MontroseVP Engineering

Numerex Corp.

Beecham Research

December 10, 2015

Sponsored by:

Introduction

Robin Duke-Woolley

As IoT develops, connected devices everywhere”

All Connectivity types have a part to play in IoT

1. Cellular 2G/3G/4G . . . 5G

2. WiFi

3. Bluetooth, ZigBee

4. Fixed Broadband

5. Wireless Broadband5. Wireless Broadband

6. Satellite

7. LPWA – Low Power, Wide Area

8. . . . many others

But what about the need for low power edge devices themselves?

Need for low power devices in many sectors

1. Increasing need for security at the edge

2. Increasing need for processing at the edge. Even sensors becoming more intelligent – and need power

3. Need for data storage at the edge

4. Long distance

Some of the challenges

4. Long distance

5. Remote locations

6. Connectivity requirement

7. BUT data from these locations becoming increasingly important – mission critical. Must be reliable.

Rod Montrose

Vice President of Engineering

Where is IoT?

What are Low Power IoT Devices?

• Low RF Power Short Range Devices

� ZigBee, BlueTooth Low Energy, Z-Wave, 413/900/2400 MHz ISM

• Low RF Power Longer Range Devices

� SigFox, LoRA, Ingenu and other LPWAN� SigFox, LoRA, Ingenu and other LPWAN

• Low Power Usage Devices

� Portable or Mobile Device

� Battery or Power Source with Limited Energy

� Short or Long Range

� Need to Conserve Power

Why Low Power Usage Devices?

• Devices in Remote Areas or Power Too Expensive to Provide

� Constant Power is Not Available - Portable

� One On Site Visit (Truck Roll) can Eliminate any Benefit for M2M

• Cannot Change Batteries• Cannot Change Batteries

� Explosive Atmospheres (Intrinsic Safety)

• Issues with Transportation of Lithium Batteries

• Very Sporadic Reporting or Information on Demand

• Need to Minimize Life Expense of Device

What Are High Volume Deployments?

• Supply Chain Asset Management

� When, Where and How Assets Are Used

� Assets Integrated with ERP & CRM Systems

� Low Cost with Long Battery LifeLow Cost with Long Battery Life

• Medical Devices

� Very Low Maintenance with Long Life Battery

• Security

� Long Product Lifetime with Very Low Maintenance

� Personal Security Needs Battery Operation

Example Use Case

Application: Supply Chain Asset Tracking

Business Model: Managed Service

• Device Supplied with Service

• Customer Selects Life of Contract• Customer Selects Life of Contract

• Inclusive of Device, Airtime, Application

Customer Data Connectivity:

• Web Portal

• REST API to Gateway Portal

Supply Chain Asset Tracking Use Case

• High Value Equipment Manufacturer

• Multiple Suppliers

• Multiple Manufacturing Facilities

Part Location Drives Just In Time • Part Location Drives Just In Time

Manufacturing

� Reduces WIP in Facility

• Identify Long Dwell Times

http://numerex.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/iManage_CaseStudy0805-3.pdf

What is a Managed Service?

New Business Models Driving IoT

• Managed Service Model

� Reduces Capital Expenditures

• Leads to Faster High Volume IoT Deployments

� Shared Interest in Customer Success

� Need to Maintain Margin Drives:

• Need to Minimize Costs of Lifetime of Product

– Responsible for Device Replacement for Life of Contract

• Reduce Support Costs

Supply Chain Device Requirements

• 4 Year Battery Life on 1 Set of User Replaceable Batteries

• Report Set Times per Day at Rest

• Report Set Times at Start, Stop and In-Motion

• Location Aware• Location Aware

� Dynamic and Static Geo-Fences

• Asset Condition

� Tilt Detection

� Sensor Inputs

How Do We Achieve Low Power Utilization?

Technical Technical

Discussion

Ahead

Technical Challenges for Low Power

• Radio Transmitters

� Cellular Radios often Require >1 Amp Current Pulse

� Cellular Registration can take 2 minutes or Longer

� Form Factor often Dictates Small Antenna� Form Factor often Dictates Small Antenna

• Small Antenna = Reduced Signal = Increases Retries with Higher Power

• GPS

� GPS can take 5 minutes or more to acquire a lock

� GPS Receivers often Require 30 mA or more Current


Device is Often in Very Low Power Sleep Mode

• Difficult to Communicate

� Communication Only When Awake

• Long Latency for Commands

� Messages Not Received Until Next Transmission� Messages Not Received Until Next Transmission

• Long Sleep Cycles Increase Passivation in Lithium batteries

� Need occasional currents pulse to reduce damage

• Cannot be used for Time Critical Monitoring


• Low Cost

� Often Throwaway Devices

• High Reliability

� Won’t be There to Hand-hold or Replace Device� Won’t be There to Hand-hold or Replace Device

• Long Device Life

� Need High Physical Security

� Need to Withstand Environment

• NEMA and IP Rating

• Material Construction for Environment


Sensor Power

• Power Sensors Only When Measuring

� Include Setup or Stabilization Time

• 4-20 mA Devices Often Need 12V or more to Operate• 4-20 mA Devices Often Need 12V or more to Operate

• Pulse Current Requirements

• Read Often but Transmit Only for Exceptions

� Need to Normalize Readings for Thresholds

� No Linear Devices Need Formulas to Determine Thresholds

Overcoming Technical Challenges

Need a Fresh Design• Reusing Normal Powered Device Designs Often

Limited by Inherited Technological Decisions

• Difference Between Standard Products and Purpose Built TechnologiesPurpose Built Technologies

• Measure Power Usage of EVERY SectionUnder All Modes of Operation

• Every Component on Separate Power Control to Minimize Power Usage� Leakage currents adds up!


• Processor Power Control Modes

� Turn Off Unused Peripherals

� Understand Lowest Power Mode for GPIO Pins

� Group Interrupt Pins on Single Port� Group Interrupt Pins on Single Port

� DMA and Interrupt I/O Transfers

• RTOS Power Management

� Ensure You Control the RTOS Power Usage


• Adaptive Processing

� Minimize Processor Systems

� Localize decisions to Minimize Device Traffic

• Innovative Power Circuitry• Innovative Power Circuitry

� Pulse boost converters with long time

between pulses (e.g. Silicon Labs TS3310)

• Micro pulses reduces Lithium Passivation

to extend Lithium battery life

Energy Harvesting

• Solar

• Biomass

• Wind

• Environmental Vibration• Environmental Vibration

• Human Motion

• Thermal

• Ambient RF signal

www.cymbet.com

Case Study: Low Power Device Implementation

Example Device: nxLOCATE

• STM32L151 ARM Cortex-M3 CPU

� 1.7 µA Stop mode + RTC; 11 uA Run mode

� 512K Flash, 80K RAM� 512K Flash, 80K RAM

• ublox MAX7C GPS

� 21 mA Acquisition, 16 / 4 mA Tracking

• Flexible Cellular Radio Support

� 3G, LTE (including CAT1 and future CATM)

http://numerex.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/nxLOCATEBrochure.pdf

Case Study: Low Power Device Implementation

Battery Operated - User Replaceable Batteries

• Uses 4 AA Cells

� Lithium or Alkaline

• Silicon Labs TS3310 Pulse Power Supply• Silicon Labs TS3310 Pulse Power Supply

� Lower Current Usage without Super Cap

• Mailbox Function with nxCLOUDCONNECT

� Queues Device Messages to Send when Connected

Where Does the Power Go?

20%

45%

GPS

Cellular Radio

35%

45% Cellular Radio

Sleep /

Accelerometer

Supply Chain Device Implementation

Report Set Times per Day at Rest

� Use STM32 RTC Wake Timer

Report Set Times at Start, Stop and In-Motion

� Use Analog Devices ADXL362 Accelerometer� Use Analog Devices ADXL362 Accelerometer

• 270 nA Motion Wake-Up Mode; 1.1 uA Motion Monitoring

• If Inside GeoFence Minimize Cellular Reporting

Asset Condition - Tilt Detection

� ADXL362 Determines Tilt

Supply Chain Device Implementation

Location Aware : Dynamic and Static Geo-Fences

• Dynamic GeoFence

� GPS Sets GeoFence when Stop Detected

� Programmable Static GeoFences Determined from Customer Application� Programmable Static GeoFences Determined from Customer Application

� Reduces Unnecessary Cellular Radio Transmissions

� Reduced Possibility of False Alerts

How Will Low-Power Devices Bring

High-Volume Deployments?

Greater Application to More Problems

• Without the Need for Constant Power

• High Reliability and Longer Life = Lower TCO• High Reliability and Longer Life = Lower TCO

• Cellular / Satellite Remove Distance Limits

• Disposable IoT Device

• Mass Production & Greater Use Drivers down Cost

More Applications = Higher Volume Deployments

Questions?You may submit a question through the Q&A box.

Please address your questions to All Panelists which is

the default setting in the Q&A box.



Where IoT Connects

the default setting in the Q&A box.

Presenter: Rod MontroseVP Engineering

Numerex Corp.

Moderator: Robin Duke-WoolleyFounder & CEO

Beecham Research

Although the live event is over, the webinar recording and

Thank you for Joining Us!

Where IoT Connects



Sponsored by:

Although the live event is over, the webinar recording and

slide deck will be available in approximately 48 hours at

www.m2mzone.com

Join us for the next M2M Zone webinar on February 18, 2016:

End to End Security-Is it the Holy Grail of IoT/M2M?

www.m2mzone.com

Numerex-Slides-12.10.15

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