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Nuisance per Se

Article 694 of the Civil Code denes nuisance as any act, omission,establishment, business, condition or property, or anything else that (1)injures or endangers the health or safety of others; () annoys or o!ends thesenses; (") shoc#s, dees or disregards decency or morality; (4) o$structs or

interferes %ith the free &assage of any &u$lic high%ay or street, or any $ody of%ater; or, (') hinders or im&airs the use of &ro&erty A nuisance may $eperseorper accidens.A nuisance

per se is that which afects the immediatesaety o persons and property and may summarily $e a$ated under theundened la% of necessity

Art 69' uisance is either &u$lic or &rivate A public nuisance a!ects acommunity or neigh$ourhood or any considera$le num$er of &ersons, although thee*tent of the annoyance, danger or damage u&on individuals may $e une+ual

WHEN IS THE GOVERNMENT !!OWE" TO "EMO!ISH N#ISN$E%

nder -ection 44.(a)(")(i) of /A o .160, other%ise #no%n as the ocal2overnment Code, the Sangguniang Panglungsod is em&o%ered to enactordinances declaring, &reventing or a$ating noise and other forms of nuisance 3t$ears stressing, ho&e'er, that the

Sangguniang Bayancannot (eclare aparticular thing as a nuisanceper seand order its condemnation 3t does nothave the &o%er to nd, as a fact, that a &articular thing is a nuisance %hen suchthing is not a nuisance

per se; nor can it authorie the e*trajudicial condemnationand destruction of that as a nuisance %hich in its nature, situation or use is notsuch

Those things must be (etermine( an( resol'e( in the or(inary courtso) la&*3f a thing $e in fact, a nuisance due to the manner of its o&eration, that+uestion cannot $e determined $y a mere resolution of the Sangguniang Bayan

WHT "#E +RO$ESS M#ST THE GOVERNMENT O!!OW%

- 3f N#ISN$E +ER SE cannot -55A/3 A7A8, needs court action- 3f N#ISN$E +ER $$I"ENSCA summarily a$ate

Art 699 of the Civil Code8he remedies against a &u$lic nuisance are:1 A &rosecution under the enal Code or any local ordinance; A civil action; or" A$atement, %ithout judicial &roceedings

Art .01 3f a civil action is $rought $y reason of the maintenance of a &u$licnuisance, such action shall $e commenced $y the city or munici&al mayor

Art .04 Any &rivate &erson may a$ate a &u$lic nuisance %hich is s&eciallyinjurious to him $y removing, or if necessary, $y destroying the thing %hichconstitutes the same, %ithout committing a $reach of the &eace, or doingunnecessary injury 78 it is necessary:

1 8hat the demand $e rst made u&on the o%ner or &ossessor of the&ro&erty to a$ate the nuisance;

8hat such demand has $een rejected;" 8hat the a$atement $e a&&roved $y the district health o

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ESTTE O GREGORI RN$IS$O, herein represente( by SI!VESTRE *TN, (ministrator, &etitioner, 's* HON* $O#RT O ++E!S, HON*S!V"OR * MEMOR$ION, in his capacity as +resi(ing 4u(ge o) theRegional Trial $ourt o) Isabela, /asilan +ro'ince, /ranch 2, M#NI$I+!IT.O IS/E!, /asilan +ro'ince, herein represente( by /EN4MIN V!EN$I,in his capacity as Municipal Mayor, Isabela, /asilan +ro'ince, ROGE!IO !*

IGOT, E!I$ISIMO +IO6#INTO, "NIE! +"INS, NTONIO $/NGON,E!I7 RO7S, /EN4MIN ERRER, GREGORIO T/", EREN "E!OSRE.ES, !OREN$IO H#GO, 4ES#S RN$IS$O, !RE"O T#/I!G, +/!ON"RES, res&ondents

acts8itigated herein is a +uonset $uilding situated in ort Area, -trong 7oulevard,3sa$ela, 7asilan, %hich %as ordered demolished $y res&ondent 5unici&al 5ayor,7enjamin =alencia /es&ondent munici&al em&loyees im&lemented the demolition,for %hich reason they are also im&leaded

8he +uonset %as constructed $y the American i$eration >orces in 1944 3t %as&urchased in 1946 $y 2regoria >rancisco, %ho died in 19.6 3t stands on a lot o%ned

$y the hili&&ine orts Authority and faces the munici&al %harf 7y virtue ofroclamation o ?" issued $y resident l&idio @uirino, said land %as declared forthe e*clusive use of &ort facilities

On 59 4anuary 50:0, the +hilippine +orts uthority ;+ort o) pire on ?5 "ecember 50:0 8he &ermittee %as using the +uonset for thestorage of co&ra

n ? 5ay 19?9, /es&ondent 5ayor, through res&ondent 5unici&al Action tra @u(icial con(emnation an( (estruction o) thatas a nuisance &hich, in its nature, situation or use is not such 8hese thingsmust $e determined in the ordinary courts of la% 3n the &resent case, the icefactory of the &lainti! is not a nuisanceper se 3t is a legitimate industry 3f it $ein fact a nuisance due to the manner of its o&eration, that +uestion cannot $edetermined $y a mere resolution of the $oard 8he &etitioner is entitled to a fair andim&artial heating $efore a judicial tri$unal (3loilo Cold -torage v 5unici&al Council,4 hil 4. E191"F)

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+etitioner &as in la&)ul possession o) the lot an( uonset buil(ing by'irtue o) a permit )rom the +hilippine +orts uthority ;+ort o)