Nucleotides 2012 Nursing School
-
Upload
dr-atif-hassan-khirelsied -
Category
Documents
-
view
219 -
download
0
Transcript of Nucleotides 2012 Nursing School
-
8/3/2019 Nucleotides 2012 Nursing School
1/26
NucleotidesStructureand
unct onsAtifH.Khirelsied
B.Sc.,M.Sc.,Ph.D.Biochemistry
FacultyofMedicine
-
8/3/2019 Nucleotides 2012 Nursing School
2/26
Thenitrogenousbases
purine andpyrimidine
Thepurines areadenine(A)andguanine(G)
Thepyrimidines arethymine(T),cytosine(C)and
uracil (U)
-
8/3/2019 Nucleotides 2012 Nursing School
3/26
-
8/3/2019 Nucleotides 2012 Nursing School
4/26
Thenucleosides
Thenucleosidesconsistofapurine orpyrimidine base
.
nnuc e cac s,nuc eos esarecoup e to r oseor
2'deoxyDribosethrougha19,Nglycosidic bond
-
8/3/2019 Nucleotides 2012 Nursing School
5/26
Thenucleosides
-
8/3/2019 Nucleotides 2012 Nursing School
6/26
Thenucleotides
Thenucleotidesconsistofapurine orpyrimidine base
.
NucleotideNucleoside
-
8/3/2019 Nucleotides 2012 Nursing School
7/26
Thenucleotides
-
8/3/2019 Nucleotides 2012 Nursing School
8/26
Thenomenclatureofnucleosidesandnucleotides
-
8/3/2019 Nucleotides 2012 Nursing School
9/26
Thenucleosides
Consistofapurineorpyrimidinebaselinkedtoa
Innucleicacids,nucleosidesarecoupledtoDriboseor
2'deoxyDribosethrougha19,Nglycosidic bond.
-
8/3/2019 Nucleotides 2012 Nursing School
10/26
Thebiologicalroleofthenucleotides
1. Buildingblocksofnucleicacids.
2. Energytransduction
3. Buildingblocksofcoenzymes.
nd. , .
5. Neurotransmitters
6. Regulatoryallosteric modulators
7. Activatedprecursorsinbiosynthesis
-
8/3/2019 Nucleotides 2012 Nursing School
11/26
Theroeofnucleotidesinenergytransfer
Thedi andtriphosphatesofnucleotidesarelinked
an y r e w g .
ATPistheuniversalenergymoleculeinmostreactionsin
livingcell
-
8/3/2019 Nucleotides 2012 Nursing School
12/26
ThecyclicAMP
The3'5'cyclicadenosinemonophosphate,cAMP isa
2nd messengerinhormonalsignaltransduction.
-
8/3/2019 Nucleotides 2012 Nursing School
13/26
Theadenosine derivatives
-
8/3/2019 Nucleotides 2012 Nursing School
14/26
ThecyclicGMP
C clic GMP cGMP is also involved as a second messen er
molecule
-
8/3/2019 Nucleotides 2012 Nursing School
15/26
Thesyntheticnucleotideanalogues
Synt eticnuc eoti eana oguesareuse ort erapeuticpurposes.
InterferewithDNAsynthesis,(antitumoragents).
Immunesuppressors.
-
8/3/2019 Nucleotides 2012 Nursing School
16/26
Thesyntheticnucleotideanalogues
Theanaloguescommonlyusedinantitumor
o 6mercaptopurine,
o 5fluorouracilo 5iodo2'deoxyuridine
o 6thioguanine.
6mercaptopurine
-
8/3/2019 Nucleotides 2012 Nursing School
17/26
Thesyntheticnucleotideanalogues
Azidothymidine (AZT) anddideoxyinosine (ddI) are
Azidothymidine (AZT) dideoxyinosine (ddI)
-
8/3/2019 Nucleotides 2012 Nursing School
18/26
Goutiscausedbyhyperuricemia
andsofttissuescausinginflammation
-
8/3/2019 Nucleotides 2012 Nursing School
19/26
Thesyntheticnucleotideanalogues
Allopurinol,apurine analogsresembleshypoxanthine,,
hyperuricemia(gout)
Allopurinol,
-
8/3/2019 Nucleotides 2012 Nursing School
20/26
Thesyntheticnucleotideanalogues
Azathioprine is nucleotideanaloguesusedtosuppresse mmunesys eman re uce ransp an re ec on.
Azathioprine
-
8/3/2019 Nucleotides 2012 Nursing School
21/26
Nucleotidesarebuildingblocksofcoenzymes
Nicotinamide Adenine
Dinucleotide NAD isa
coenzymethatcontains
-
8/3/2019 Nucleotides 2012 Nursing School
22/26
Nucleotidesarebuildingblocksofcoenzymes
Nicotinamide AdenineDinucleotide Phosphate(NADP)
isacoenzymethatcontainspurine nucleotide
-
8/3/2019 Nucleotides 2012 Nursing School
23/26
Nucleotidesarebuildingblocksofcoenzymes
Flavin AdenineDinucleotide
FAD isacoenzymethat
containspurine nucleotide
-
8/3/2019 Nucleotides 2012 Nursing School
24/26
Nucleotidesareactivatedmetabolicintermediates
Uridine diphosphate glucoseisanintermediateinthesyn es s o g ycogen
Uridine diphosphate glucose
-
8/3/2019 Nucleotides 2012 Nursing School
25/26
TheSadenosylmethionine
Sadenosylmethionine istheactivated
methioninewhichservesasamethyl
donorinmethylationreactions.
-
8/3/2019 Nucleotides 2012 Nursing School
26/26
Naturalpurines
Caffeineis1.3.7trimetylxanhine.
Theobromine