Nuclear Terrorism Resolutions

7/29/2019 Nuclear Terrorism Resolutions

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QUESTION OF: Nuclear Terrorism

SUBMITTERS: China

SIGNATORIES: Israel, Turkey, Egypt, USA

SECURITY COUNCIL RESOLUTION 1.1

Alarmedat the limited security measures against non-government obtainment of1

nuclear fissile materials,2

Reminding member nations of the importance of reprocessing unneeded nuclear3

fissile material into lower-enriched forms to keep such material out of the hands4

of terrorists,5

6

1. Urges the Security Council to create a body specifically targeting7

nuclear terrorism, in order to:8

a. Bridge the gap between the combating of terrorism and the9

safety of nuclear facilities,10

b. Create uniform guidelines to fulfill the obligations under11

Security Council Resolution 1540;12

2. Further urges nations to provide rewards (financial or otherwise) to13

operators of nuclear facilities who upgrade their facilities in compliance14

with the aforementioned guidelines, in order to:15

a. Prevent corrupt practices,16

b. Encourage investment into costly safety measures17

3. Recommends that the IAEA be involved in inspection practices of18

facilities storing or processing nuclear fissile materials, provided that:19

a. The IAEA respects national sovereignty and obtains member20

nations approval before inspecting facilities and publishing21

findings,22

b.23

4. Calls for increased cooperation between scientists and technicians24

from different member nations in order to:25

a. Exchange best practices regarding storage of nuclear fissile26

materials and nuclear warheads,27

b. Develop new technologies (such as encryption codes) to28

effectively prevent terrorist groups from utilizing any nuclear29

weapons components obtained,30


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SUBMITTERS: China

SIGNATORIES: Israel, Turkey, Egypt, USA


c. Explore further methods in which highly enriched fissile31

materials can be converted for civilian uses such as electricity32

generation,33

5. Decides to remain actively seized on the matter.34


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SUBMITTER: Israel

SIGNATORIES:


Recognizing the realistic danger and potential of nuclear terrorism,1

Considers the use of nuclear armaments as tools for terror in nations in2

possession of nuclear arms,3

Deplores secret possession of nuclear armaments,4

5

1. Condemns the use of dirty bombs and/or nuclear arms and variants for the6

purpose of inducing terror,7

2. Demands for nations to tighten the security of nuclear facilities and stockpiles,8

3. Strongly condemns the possession of nuclear arms by rogue nations that lack9

credibility, military, social and political stability which in turn endangers global10

welfare,11

4. Condemns terrorism:12

a) Demands active, preemptive and tenacious campaigns against13

terrorism in the forms including but not limited to:14

i. the disownment and purging of currently state-endorsed15

terrorists and,16

ii. law enforcement offensives against terrorists;17

5. Requests member nations to limit the further proliferation of nuclear18

technology, so as to prevent the widespread capability of development and19

possession of nuclear arms,20

6. Supports preemptive military strikes against nations whose nuclear21

armaments pose immediate threat to global security,22

7. Appreciates the important role that intelligence campaigns play in the war23

against terrorism, especially those perpetrated by the United Kingdom and the24

United States of America,25

8. Decides to remain seized on the matter.26


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SUBMITTER: Russia

SIGNATORIES:


Having in mindthe purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations1

concerning the maintenance of international peace and security and the2

promotion of good-neighbourliness and friendly relations and cooperation3

among States,4

Recognizing the right of all States to develop and apply nuclear energy for5

peaceful purposes and their legitimate interests in the potential benefits to be6

derived from the peaceful application of nuclear energy,7

Deeply concernedabout the worldwide escalation of acts of terrorism in all its8

forms and manifestations,9

Understanding that the nature of terrorist groups make States where terrorist10

attacks were perpetrated not liable to sanctions, since they do not represent a11

States decisions,12

Noting that acts of nuclear terrorism may result in the gravest consequences and13

may pose a threat to international peace and security,14

Upholding the respect to the national sovereignty of all member States,15

Noting also that existing multilateral legal provisions do not adequately address16

those attacks,17

Being convincedof the urgent need to enhance international cooperation18

between States in devising and adopting effective and practical measures for the19

prevention of such acts of terrorism and for the prosecution and punishment of20

their perpetrators,21

Noting that the activities of military forces of States are governed by rules of22

international law outside of the framework of this Convention and that the23

exclusion of certain actions from the coverage of this Convention does not24

condone or make lawful otherwise unlawful acts, or preclude prosecution under25

other laws,26

27

1. Decidesthat the sanctions in this resolution shall not apply to States, where28

the offence is committed within a single State, the alleged offender and the29

victims are nationals of that State, or if the alleged offender is found in the30

territory of that State,31


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SUBMITTER: Russia

SIGNATORIES:


2. Calls upon member States to take all practicable measures to prevent and32

prohibit in their territories illegal activities of persons, groups and organizations33

that encourage, organize finance or provide technical assistance in the34

perpetration of terrorist activities,35

3. RequestsStates Parties to exchange accurate and verified information in36

accordance with their national law, and coordinate measures as appropriate to37

detect, prevent, suppress and investigate the offences presented in this38

resolution,39

4. Specifiesthat States Parties shall not be required to provide any information40

which they are not permitted to communicate pursuant to national law or which41

would jeopardize the security of the State concerned or the physical protection42

of nuclear material43

5. EncouragesStates Parties to make every effort to adopt appropriate measures44

to ensure the protection of fissile material, taking into account recommendations45

of the International Atomic Energy Agency;46

6. RecommendsStates Parties in possession of nuclear devices or facilities to47

take steps to render them harmless, and ensure that any nuclear material is held48

in accordance with applicable International Atomic Energy Agency safeguards;49

7. Requeststhe States Parties involved in the disposition or retention of any50

radioactive material to inform the Director General of the International Atomic51

Energy Agency of the manner in which such an item was disposed of or retained52

8. Calls upon the States Parties to carry out their obligations regarding this53

matter in consistency with the principles of sovereign equality and territorial54

integrity of States and that of non-intervention in the domestic affairs of other55

States.56

9. Decidesto remain actively seized on the matter.57


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SUBMITTER: Ukraine

SIGNATORIES: Germany, United Kingdom, Argentina, Uganda, Turkey, Pakistan,

France


Noting with utmost concern the present situation regarding the mishandling and1

misuse of nuclear armaments by governments and external parties, respectively,2

leading to threats towards international peace and security,3

Aware of the threats towards international peace and security should said4

holding facilities be breached by unwanted parties,5

Fully aware ofthe controversies surrounding the inspection of nuclear material6

stockpiles in its security,7

Noting with respectthe national sovereignty of all member nations,8

Concerned with the continued development of nuclear arsenals and the threat to9

international peace and security it brings,10

Recognizing a lack of international standards to be met by facilities holding11

nuclear material,12

Fully acknowledging the need for nations to employ nuclear materials in the13

production of electricity and peaceful purposes,14

Further acknowledging the need for nations to employ nuclear armaments in15

self-defense and national security,16

Realising thatso long as NWS employ nuclear weapons as a threat, that non-State17

actors will be able to derive a rationale for acquiring nuclear weapons in18

response,19

Emphasizing that so long as NWS maintain a stockpile of nuclear weapons and20

fissile material, non-State actors will be able to steal weapons or acquire fissile21

material to construct one,22

Determined in resolving this issue of nuclear terrorism,23

Confident thatall nations will take responsibility in ensuring the eradication of24

nuclear terrorism to the best of their abilities,25

26

1. Strongly recommends the creation of an independent United Nations27

Nuclear Weaponry Governance and Anti-Terrorism Subcommittee28

(UNNuWGATS) to have the purposes of:29


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SUBMITTER: Ukraine


France


a) maintaining a stockpile of governed nuclear material in nations30

including but not limited to (herein named nuclear materials), and31

to be reviewed upon at the discretion of the NuWGATS:32

i) Nuclear-based bombs and missiles33

ii) Thermonuclear weapons34

iii) Nuclear submarines35

iv) Nuclear Explosives36

v) Raw masses of radioactive metals as listed by the37

IAEA38

vi) Fissile materials39

b) assist the IAEA in providing international safeguards against40

nuclear proliferation41

c) assisting nations in the application and enforcement of42

legislation prohibiting the acquisition, use or threat of use of43

nuclear weapons by both State and non-State actors,44

d) determine the international standards for the appropriate45

safeguarding of nuclear armaments and fissile materials, and46

review said requirements biannually,47

e) inspect regularly, at least biannually, if there is appropriate48

security at nuclear material holding facilities and:49

i) issue warnings to nations without appropriate security,50

ii) advise on measures in improving the strength of said51

security;52

f) be a platform for discussion between regional bodies and the53

Security Council;54

2. Urgesnations to support universal transparency of nuclear activity by:55

a) creating independent ombudsmen within each country56

specifically dealing with nuclear terrorism within a 9 month57

period of this resolution being passed,58

i) where these ombudsmen will submit to the UNNuWGATS59quarterly reports including but not limited to:60


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SUBMITTER: Ukraine


France


a) Inventory of nuclear materials equivalent to61

clause 1a,62

b) Log of nuclear materials usage,63

c) Security report of all nuclear material holding64

facilities,65

d) Log of all import/export of nuclear material;66

ii) where governments are obligated to send 0.031% of67

their GDP in maintaining the integrity of their respective68

ombudsmen;69

b) allowing the monitoring of their nuclear stockpile by the70

NuWGATS:71

i) Which is required to submit biannual reports to the72

Security Council regarding this issue,73

ii) Which grants the Security Council the right to review and74

adjust the goals, proceedings and aims of said75

Subcommittee;76

3. Authorizes the creation of the United Nations Nuclear Security Fund77

(NuSeF), directing to the NuWGATS, aided by the voluntary contribution78

of developed countries in assisting nations without the financial79

capability to appropriately safeguard nuclear armaments or fissile80

materials (clause 4) to strengthen their security, overseen by the81

NuWGATS,82

4. Further urges nations without the financial capability to appropriately83

(see Clause 1d) safeguard nuclear armaments or fissile materials to84

achieve one of the following within 3 months of the primary NuWGATS85

inspection:86

a) Surrender entire stockpile of nuclear material to the NuWGATS87

for further treatment,88

b) Seek financial aid through the NuSeF via the NuWGATS to89

improve security at nuclear material holding facilities;905. Encourages all member states to invest in efforts in:91


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SUBMITTER: Ukraine


France


a) The implementation of the NPT for Nuclear Weapon States,92

b) Educating the younger generation in the dangers of misuse of93

nuclear armaments,94

c) Endorsing the Nuclear Terrorism Awareness Day in Clause 6;95

6. Recommends the Security Council fully implement the UN Security96

Council Resolution 1540, to take and enforce effective measures against97

the proliferation of WMD, their means of delivery and related materials,98

and ensure that no State or non-State actor is a source or beneficiary of99

WMD proliferation;100

7. Proclaims a Nuclear Terrorism Awareness Day, the date to be agreed by101

all member states of the UN, to spread awareness to the general public102

about the issue of nuclear terrorism;103

8. Encourages the Security Council to impose economic sanctions to104

nations deliberately and without legitimate reason:105

a) Refusing NuWGATS monitoring and inspection,106

b) Not employing appropriate security measures for nuclear107

material holding facilities,108

c) Harbouring undeclared nuclear material,109

d) Failing to maintain the integrity of their respective ombudsmen,110

e) Ratify the NPT,111

f) Fully ratify the UNSCR 1540;112

9. Endeavourscountries to resolve conflicts regarding national security in113

order to finalize this treaty and to take a step further in enforcing114

international peace and security;115



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SUBMITTER: United States

SIGNATORIES: United Kingdom, Germany, Argentina, Israel, Turkey


Recognising the rising significance of nuclear terrorism as a global threat;1

Acknowledging that the usage of radioactive materials for civilian purposes2

provides openings for the materials necessary for nuclear terrorism to fall into3

terrorist hands;4

Understanding the need for transparency with regards to act involving5

radioactive materials both within borders and on a transnational basis;6

7

Reaffirming the role of the IAEA in promoting the use of nuclear energy for8

peaceful purposes;9

Realising the dangerous nature of using enriched nuclear materials classified as10

weapons-usable for civilian purposes;11

Regarding the free flow of highly-enriched nuclear materials in black markets12

around the world as a serious global threat;13

Noting that fissile materials enriched to only a low degree suffice for civilian14

purposes;15

Appreciating that some circumstances involving scientific purposes such as16

research may require the small-scale production and usage of highly enriched17

fissile materials;18

Applauding the current efforts undertaken by bodies including the IAEA and the19

NTI to combat nuclear terrorism;20

Respecting that countries should have a degree of confidentiality with regards to21

the disclosure of information regarding nuclear-related activities;22

Advocating that the United Nations as well as other relevant bodies should play23

an active role, due to their mission goal, to save succeeding generations from the24

scourge of war;25

Ascertaining the importance of preventing the information needed to construct a26

nuclear weapon or create weapons-grade fissile materials from falling into27

terrorist hands;28

29

1. Urges the monitoring by sovereign governments of the sale of any30

isotopes capable of causing radiological terror through a nuclear or dirty bomb;31


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a. Recommends nations to monitor the transfer of the following32

isotopes capable of being made into a dirty bomb: americium-241, californium-33

252, caesium-137, cobalt-60, iridium-192, plutonium-238, polonium-210,34

radium-226 and strontium-90;35

i) Promotes the creation of a country-wide database where all36

sales of these materials must be recorded;37

b. Requires nations to implement strict controls with regards to the38

trading and movement of fissile material, including thorium, caesium, plutonium39

and uranium, by:40

i) maintaining high standards of security and communication41

with regards to cross-border transactions to avoid problems caused by42

miscommunication;43

ii) providing increased levels of security and subtlety for44

transactions within a nations borders;45

iii) declaring planned international transactions to the United46

Nations Security Council so as to promote transparency with regards to the47

acquisition of fissile materials to a reasonable extent of detail;48

2. Requires the strict regulation of the sale and trade of enriched and highly49

enriched fissile materials, in particular uranium;50

a. Urges the banning of the production and trading of highly enriched51

uranium for civilian usage;52

i) Recommends countries to declare current amounts of highly53

enriched uranium;54

b. Urges the improved security of facilities storing nuclear materials,55

in light of stolen materials appearing on the black market;56

i) Advocates that national governments oversee municipal57

governing bodies in matters involving the protection of fissile materials;58

c. Requires for any usage or preparation of highly enriched fissile59

materials for scientific and research purposes to be declared to the United60

Nations Security Council in advance;61


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3. Calls for international transparency when carrying out activities relating62

to radioactive material;63

a. Recommends that countries submit a brief record detailing all64

major activities relating to the use of special nuclear materials (i.e. fissile65

materials) for civilian/scientific usage;66

b. Calls fornations to immediately report any losses of control over67

fissile materials or significant amounts of radioactive materials in order for a68

cohesive global response to be formulated;69

4. Stresses the importance of the protection of any and all information70

relating to the nature and location of fissile materials;71

a. Urges that any countries possessing information regarding the72

creation of a nuclear weapon or processes involved in creating weapons-grade73

fissile material take extra security measures to ensure that the information is not74

divulged;75

b. Stresses that Private Sector Organisations that handle nuclear76

stockpiles should have the right to speak at and consult the Subcommittee, to77

enhance cooperation between all organizations on this issue;78

5. Advocates the establishment of a new sub-committee to be created under79

the Conference for Disarmament (the CD), to be called the UN Nuclear Terrorism80

Prevention Committee (UN NTPC), for the purpose of providing a platform for81

future discussions and collaborations regarding nuclear terrorism;82

a. Resolves to unify existing organisations acting against nuclear83

terrorism under a single umbrella organisation (to be referred to as the United84

Nations Alliance Against Radioactive Threats [UN AART]);85

i) Recommends that the members of AART (be voted upon by86

the nations participating in the NTPC;87

ii) Asks fortasks involving these organisations collected under88

AART to be shared between the organisations in a manner to be decided upon by89

the NTPC;90


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iii) Requires for member organizations of AART to maintain91

communications between both themselves and related governmental and UN92

bodies;93

b. Calls for individual states to settle radioactive material-related94

disputes through the NTPC, of which such discussions could involve:95

i) the illegal obtaining or trade of radioactive materials or96

SNMs by terrorist organizations;97

ii) the obtaining of radioactive materials or SNMs from failed98

states or collapsed governments;99

c. Requests the AART to act as a UN watchdog;100

i) Calls forthe monitoring of both suspected nuclear terrorist101

activities and public activities being carried out by governments, particularly102

those extending across borders;103

iv) Recommends that the AART keep track of all trade records104

of nuclear materials105

d. Promotes the NPTC as a platform for the discussion of the106

international regulations involving nuclear activities that could further the107

threat of nuclear terrorism;108

ii) recommends that the committee meet both in times of need109

as well as on a 2-year basis to discuss any changes that may be needed to global110

regulations;111

iii) requests that the AART advises the NPTC on these updates112

to regulations;113

6. Urges for governments to recognise the growing significance of nuclear114

activities carried out by the private sector;115

a. Requires regional bodies to regulate such activity through:116

i) collaborating with other member nations to create a117

cohesive, well-defined set of restrictions to be placed upon the private sector;118

ii) regularly inspecting all private-sector facilities on a119

biannual basis;120


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iii) requiring private sector companies to submit full and121

detailed reports on all aspects of their activity to the governing body of their122

country;123

iv) urges countries to act upon any suspicious or seemingly124

mendacious activity as gleaned from the aforementioned reports;125

v) urges the establishment of rules to govern physical126

security of nuclear materials, civil and fissile, emphasizing these rules shall also127

govern Private Sector Organizations handling nuclear materials128

vi) urges countries to establish protocols to govern the129

transportation of nuclear materials130

b. Stresses the growing risk of a large black market in radioactive131

materials as a legitimate one, and urges countries to tackle this via:132

i) monitoring all known and suspected illicit trading of133

nuclear activity by members of the private sector;134

ii) allowing local task forces the ability to deal with of areas135

suspected to be involved in the illicit trading of radioactive materials through136

both force and technology;137

iii) offering local task forces a direct line to call the overarching138

government for support in the cases of suspected large volumes of the illegal139

trading of radioactive materials, in particular those where special nuclear140

materials may be involved or potential retaliation is suspected;141

iv) enforcing stricter border controls and security to prevent142

private-sector cross-border dealings and potentially devastating consequences143

that may arise from such transactions;144

v) providing customs and border control authorities with145

geiger counters and other detectors of radiation for the purpose of detecting146

radioactive materials;147

7. Advocates the creation of a set of internationally recognised disaster-148

response protocols for the purpose of preparing local authorities for cases of149

nuclear terrorism;150


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a. Urges municipal governments to provide local authorities with the151

adequate materials and training to be able to cope with small-scale radiological152

terrorist attacks, including;153

b. Stresses the need for governments to provide their national154

defense systems with the tools necessary to deal with large-scale attacks on155

behalf on nuclear terrorists in terms of disaster relief in particular;156

c. Calls forneighbouring countries to offer assistance with recovery157

in the times after nuclear terrorists attacks, should they occur;158

d. Recommends that plans of action be established regarding the159

event of thievery of nuclear materials to160

i) recapture the nuclear materials161

ii)prevent radioactive leakage, both intentional or accidental,162

iii) prevent possible detonation,163

e. Recommends that countries collaborate to create such protocols;164

8. Decides to remain actively seized in the matter.165


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QUESTION OF: Cooperation between the UN and Regional Bodies

SUBMITTER: China

SIGNATORIES: Russia, Argentina, Turkey


Understanding the increasing importance of regional bodies in global politics,1

particularly in crisis resolution,2

Alarmedby the loss of life and property incurred by logistically uncoordinated3

actions between the UN and regional bodies,4

Encouraging increase of communication between the UN and regional bodies,5

Hoping that regional bodies will recognize the UN as the supreme forum for6

international, cross-cultural communication and a valuable resource for conflict7

resolution,8

9

1 Urges the Security Council to establish a UN Subcommittee on10Coordination of Regional Bodies (UNCRB) with a mandate to:11

a organize regional bodies requests and carry out resource12allocation,13

b craft timetables for cooperative missions,14c coordinate joint workshops targeted at sharing best practices,15d convene annually to analyze regional actions and potentially16

amend the methods in which the UN cooperates with regional17

organizations;18

2 Further urges the UNCRB to create an appropriate set of rules governing19the relationship between the UN and regional bodies, including that:20

a the Security Council holds supreme authority should any21disagreements between regional bodies and the UN occur,22

b regional bodies retain sovereignty, which will not be infringed23upon unless a majority vote of the Security Council with approval24

of the P5 nations deems that the such an organizations actions are25

violate human rights or international security,26

c Security Council guarantees the representation of regional bodies27in discussions that involve matters of their respective regions;28

3 Recommends that regional bodies report major proposed actions, with29the exception of actions in response to crisis situations, to the UNCRB for30

initial approval and referral to the appropriate UN committee in order to:31


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SUBMITTER: China



a foster the legitimacy of these actions under the international eye,32b allow for sharing of resources, particularly personnel, for the33

duration of the proposed actions,34

c provide a better understanding of regional issues to the UN;354 Requests that regional bodies bring proposals for resolution of crisis36

situations directly to the Security Council (without going through the37

UNCRB), in order to increase efficiency of crisis response, such that the38

Security Council can:39

a issue a mandate to the UN Department of Peacekeeping Operations40for personnel and equipment if such resources are deemed41

necessary,42

b urge member nations with sufficient capability to contribute to the43response effort, such that individual nations can contribute in the44

most conducive way,45

c create a strategic planning group with representatives from all46major organizations involved, for continued cooperation after47

initial proposal approval,48

d keep involved parties informed of crisis developments in an49efficient manner;50

5 Emphasizes the need to reform existing peacekeeping operations by51increasing cooperation between such forces under the UN and regional52

bodies, through means such as but not limited to:53

a enforcing a common code of conduct among regional and UN54peacekeeping forces,55

b standardizing terminology in order to minimize possible56misunderstandings;57

6 Recommends improvements in transparency between regional58organizations and the United Nations in the form of mutual accessibility59

of technical information including:60

a military capabilities of regional organizations and functional61support required,62


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SUBMITTER: China



b geographical proximities including conflict-prone zones, conflict63enclaves and peacekeeping support bases,64

c social conformities: providence of social demographics on the65basis of:66

d technological capacity,67e time frameworks;68

7 Affirms the need for regional bodies to have observer status in UN69committees while their proposals are being debated, in order to present70

details regarding proposed actions and express their views;71

8 Decides to remain actively seized on the matter.7273


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SIGNATORIES:

SECURITY COUNCIL 2.2

Recalling with alarm previous failed attempts to moderate the civil war in Liberia1

and Sierra Leone with the regional body ECOWAS, resulting in the withdrawal of2

ECOWAS troops and a failure to alleviate the crisis;3

Recognizing the success of NATO and UN cooperation in the crisis of Libya, which4

involved the participation of multi-state coalition military intervention in an5

attempt to implement the United Nations Security Council Resolution 1973, and6

resulting in the removal of Libyan dictator Muammar Gaddafi;7

Noting with concern the sharp decline incorporation between the regional bodies8

and the UN;9

Noting with concern the sharp incline in regional conflicts with international10

implications;11

Regretting the loss of human life as a consequence of such lack of cooperation12

between the UN and relevant regional bodies;13

Alarmed by poor logistics, inefficient communication which are the causes of14

failures in interregional body and UN cooperation;15

Bearing in mind that such causes of the lack of cooperation could be solved by a16

framework for the UN and other such regional bodies to abide by, leading to future17

successes in joint efforts on the part of the UN and any body of regional jurisdiction18

that it may concern;19

Stressing the importance of setting guidelines to ensure cooperation is encouraged20

and easy to participate in;21

Noting with regret that the loss of human life in areas with international conflicts,22

which could be remedied by a joint effort on UN and regional bodies, could be easily23

averted;24

Desiring a more cooperative UN, and the faster and more efficient response in25

areas of regional conflicts which concern the international community;26


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SIGNATORIES:


27

1. Calls for member states to acknowledge the right of regional bodies to work in28

their areas of jurisdiction with high level of autonomy, as long as such autonomy29

is in compliance with the United Nations Charter;30

2. Further calls for the formal representation and recognition of regional bodies31

in the UN in the form of advisory delegations:32

a) To be represented in a UN committee in which they are pertained to;33

3. Endorses the creation of treaties between the UN and regional bodies, to34

include guidelines to help international cooperation, and to be overseen by the35

subcommittee as stated in this resolution; such cooperation may encompass36

responsibilities including but not limited to:37

a) Maintenance of regional stability,38

b) Economic collaboration,39

c) Protection and the championing of human rights;40

4. Recommendsthe incorporation of regional bodies into the solving of regional41

crises in order to achieve a more nuanced approach by methods such as, but not42

limited to:43

a) Relative regional bodies acting a conduit through which the UN and the44

areas of conflict,45

5 Emphasizes the right of regional bodies to retain autonomy. Regional bodies46

reserve the rights to:47

a) Retain jurisdiction,48

b) Be selective regarding the requests of UN,49

c) Not be made directly accountable to the UN;50

6. Further endorses the formation of a subcommittee (UNREGCO) with the51

responsibility of coordinating:52

a) Bi-annual meetings between representatives of the UN and regional53

bodies on issues pertaining to international importance:54

i) Meetings can be called for within short notice should the need of it55

arise, b) The UN should be dully notified should the regional bodies decide to56


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SIGNATORIES:


undertake intervention, be they of social, economic or military nature in a57

particular area,58

ii) Appointments of 5 persons representing the UN, (if any issue were to59

arise that may involve large number of regional bodies when deemed necessary,60

additional members may be added ad hoc),61

iii) Representatives will be nominated by the United Nations and voted62

upon by the General Assembly,63

b) Representatives from each regional body should not exceed 2 delegates,64

i) Such representatives should not also hold positions in the UN so as to65

eliminate possible conflict of interest;66

7. Calls for basic guidelines to be set on all matters of cooperation between67

regional bodies68

and the UN, including but not limited to:69

a) The use of peacekeepers or the soldiers of regional bodies, in cases of70

regional conflict,71

b) The method to which decisions are made on behalf of the UN in regards72

with UN cooperation with regional bodies, including but not limited it:73

i) The agreement on a decision,74

ii) The potential affect made by the permanent members of the SC, should75

they veto a consensus,76

c) The method to how the parties are to communicate,77

d) Training of people through the UN Peace Corps;78



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QUESTION OF: Situation in Mali


SIGNATORIES: Republic of Turkey, Russian Federation, Republic of Uganda,

Republic of China, Republic of South Africa


Topic: The Situation in Mali1

Council: Security Council2

3

Deeply concernedby the threat posed by terrorist and militant groups in Mali to4

stability in north-western Africa, as well as the humanitarian situation and5

refugee crisis in affected areas,6

7

Fully aware of the influence of al-Qaeda in the direction and sponsorship of the8

forceful takeover of northern Mali by militants,9

10

Alarmed by the ability of insurgents to seize weapons from Libyan arsenals,11

available after the fall of Muammar Gaddafi,12

13

Noting the issue of naturally arising tensions between ethnic and political groups14

within Mali, resulting in conflict, regional instability and leaving a vacuum open15

to exploitation by the AQIM,16

17

Recalling the relative success of African forces against insurgency in Somalia in18

2006,19

20

Taking into consideration the uprooting of thousands of civilians due to the21

clashes in the North, along with the proliferation of armed groups, drought and22

political instability,23

Strongly regretting the unauthorised imposition of a dictatorial regime based on24

extremist beliefs in northern Mali,25

26

Recalling the 2012 resolution adopted by the U.N. Security Council, authorizing27

the deployment of the African-led International Support Mission in Mali28

(AFISMA), condemning the continued political interference by members of the29

Malian military with the civilian government and calling for efforts to bring30


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perpetrators of human rights abuses and violations of international31

humanitarian law in Mali to justice,32

33

Recognising that the destabilisation and broadening insurgency has spread to34

neighbouring countries to Mali, such as Algeria, Chad, Niger and Mauritania, and35

to the general region of the Sahel,36

37

Condemning the kidnapping of hostages, with particular regard to foreign38

diplomats, in the afflicted area surrounding Mali, as a method of delivering a39

political message,40

41

Appreciating the foreign military, strategic and/or humanitarian aid provided by42

countries such as Nigeria, Chad, Canada, France, Italy, the United States and the43

United Kingdom,44

45

1. Condemns the illegal actions committed by both the AQIM and Malian army46

against civilians, the abuse of human rights and imposition of the rigid-theocratic47

al-Sharias law,48

a) Recommends the implementation of force protection mechanisms,49

including but not limited to the stationing of African Union- or50

Malian troops in Malian population centres,51

b) Insists that the Malian authorities protect civilians residing in Mali to52

the best of their ability,53

c) Completely rejects the establishment of an unauthorized state in54

northern Mali by insurgents and the unlawful control it exerts on civilians,55

d) Strongly urges for the immediate withdrawal of rigid-theocratic56

Sharias law from the aforementioned regions,57

e) Calls forany authorised forces to hold perpetrators of international58

humanitarian law violations in Mali accountable to their actions,59

60


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2. Callsfordialogue between AQIM in the North and the Bamako government.61

a) Recommends working with regional governments to increase their62

capability, foster regional cooperation, and counter violent extremism,63

b) Endorses the Trans-Sahara Counterterrorism Partnership, a military64

and civilian interagency program with a more specified strategic design65

extending traditional bilaterial aid,66

67

3. Calls for democratic elections to be held in Mali by April, and for a68

representative and inclusive government to replace the current interim69

government.70

a) Supports the deployment of a team of neutral observers into Mali under71

an U.N. mission, to observe the transition in political leadership,72

b) Bans the terrorist groups, AQIM and the Ansar Dine, from running in73

these elections74

c) Emphasizes the necessity of having a single, sustainable political body75

in control of the entirety of Mali,76

77

4. Requires the gradual withdrawal of French troops and for the African Union78

and ECOWAS to increasingly take a leading role in Mali,79

a) Encourages security duties to be gradually handed over to Malian and80

West African troops,81

b) Calls forFrench troops, at the basic minimum, to remain in Mali until82

insurgents and al-Qaeda affiliates are completely expelled from the country,83

c) Initial stages of French withdrawal should occur by84

d) Mandates a thorough and continuous crackdown on al-Qaeda-allied85

insurgents in proximity to Mali, either by local or foreign forces,86

87

5. Supports the coordination of foreign military and strategic aid against88

insurgents in Mali, in the interests of promoting efficiency and unity,89


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a) Recommends the funneling of net aid into the U.N.-mandated African90

peacekeeping force that is currently fighting alongside the Malian Army,91

b) Officially authorizes foreign intervention in Mali, as long as it has been92

previously approved by the Security Council and is solely for the purpose of93

peacekeeping and/or assisting the resistance effort against insurgents,94

c) Encourages member states to provide voluntary contributions, if so95

desired, in the form of military training, sharing of intelligence, logistical support96

or humanitarian aid,97

6. Encourages Mali or other friendly countries to implement protection measures98

for important cultural heritage in areas of potential conflict, especially those99

recognized by UNESCO,100

a) Calls for deployment of UN peacekeepers to these areas in order to101

improve the security of these UNESCO world heritage sites,102

103

7. Condemnsthe coup detat conducted by the Malian military authorities in 2012104

in response to a Tuareg separatist movement, resulting in the ousting of a105

legitimately elected president,106

8. Reaffirms U.N. support for the deployment of the African-led International107

Support Mission in Mali (AFISMA), to contribute to Malian efforts aiming for re-108

establishing authority over their territory,109

a) Recommends the usage of contributions to rebuild the capacity of the110

Malian Defense and Security Forces,111

b) Emphasizes the need for military planning to be refined before the112

commencement a possible offensive operation under the guidance of the UN113

Security Council and Secretary General,114

9. Establishes a U.N. committee responsible for oversight of political progress in115

Mali, and for aiding the Security Council in decision-making concerning Mali,116

through provision of information and intelligence,117

a) Recommends the committee to send bi-weekly reports to the Security118

Council, with details and updates on the situation in Mali,119


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b) Deploys U.N. officials and peacekeepers onto the field in Mali,120

c) Authorises officials to guide and oversee democratic progress within121

the Malian government system,122

d) Calls for transparency measures to be delivered in all forms to the123

Security Council on a weekly basis,124

125

10. Affirms the need to track, monitor and remove arsenals of weapons leftover126

from previous conflicts in African states, through means including but not127

limited to:128

a) Reinforcement of international measures already in place, including the129

United Nations Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in130

Firearms and the ECOWAS Convention on Small Arms and Light Weapons, their131

Ammunition and other Related Materials,132

b) Stipulation of stricter controls on the transfer, manufacture, possession133

and security of small arms and light weapons between African states,134

135



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SUBMITTER: France

SIGNATORIES:


Noting with concern that militants and mercenaries armed from the1

employment of the fallen Libyan dictator Qaddafi, currently jeopardise the2

stability of northwestern Africa, in particular the state of Mali,3

Alarmed that these militants are directly sponsored and supported by the4

globally outlawed, belligerent Islam al-Qaeda terrorists in an attempt to5

forcefully take over the northern regions of Mali,6

Condemning the unlawful and unauthorised militarisation of such7

mercenaries with interests to propagate an autocratic, totalitarian reign of terror8

in adherence to extremist beliefs,9

Fully aware of the long-term detriments to the infrastructure, society, and10

political stability of the state of Mali as a result of a continuous lack of11

intervention and regulation,12

Recalling the definition of terrorism under Security Council Resolution 156613

as criminal acts committed with the intent to cause death or serious bodily14

injury, or taking of hostages, with the purpose to provoke a state of terror in the15

general public,16

Taking into consideration the universally championed endeavour of17

eradicating and subduing vehement terrorist groups under the 2001 Security18

Council Resolution 1373,19

Regretting that domestic tensions between malevolent groups with vested20

interests within Mali have pervaded and escalated into grave regional instability21

and violence, no less epitomised by the recent kidnappings of foreign diplomats22

in neighbouring nations,23

Seeking a conclusion to the reproachable violation of human rights and their24

progress in Mali and elsewhere in the African Sahel as a result of militarisation25

by the fallen Qaddafi regime:26

1. Strongly condemns the separatist movement of the Tuareg ethnic group of27

MNLA, the Islamic militant group supported by the terrorist organization Al-28

Qaeda, Ansar Eddie, and the large-scale unrest instigated by these malicious29

groups of twisted intents, particularly embodied in the events of:30

a. The ousting of President Amadou Toure31


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SUBMITTER: France

SIGNATORIES:


b. The coup detat in 201232

c. The brutal abuses and exploitation of human rights;33

2. Reaffirms the importance of maintaining a singular and politically34

sustainable control of the state of Mali so as to avoid political radicalisation with35

vested interests by unjustified terrorist organisations, and of cracking down, in a36

united manner, on mercenaries supported or affiliated with al-Qaeda;37

3. Authorises and supports the righteous intervention of members of the38

Security Council, such as the French Republic, in order to assist the Mali39

government in its resistance efforts and for peacekeeping purposes, in the forms40

including but not limited to:41

a. Artillery fire42

b. Air strikes43

c. Provision of:44

i. Military training45

ii. Military equipment46

iii. Soldiers;47

4. Strongly condemns and denounces the illegitimate state established by Islam48

radicals in northern Mali, and henceforth refers to such groups as solely49

insurgents with no authorised or rational justification to their unlawful control50

of the Northern regions;51

5. Establishes a committee reporting directly to and under the command of the52

United Nations Security Council, with the transitional title of Committee of53

Peacekeeping in Mali and Sahel Africa (CPMSA), with the responsibility of:54

a. Producing a weekly report on the progress of peacekeeping and55

repression of Islam extremists,56

b. Conferring on a long-term political solution appropriate for Mali,57

through consultation of parties including but not limited to:58

i. The transitional Mali government59

ii. Representatives from the United Nations60

iii. Representatives from the African Union61

iv. Representatives from the NATO62


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SUBMITTER: France

SIGNATORIES:


c. Actively discussing any other events of interests with the Security63

Council, until:64

i. Three months have elapsed, upon which another Security Council65

meeting must be called, or66

ii. Otherwise deemed appropriate by the Security Council;67

6. Reiterates the validity of Security Council resolution 2071 passed by the68

Council in October 2012, affirming the absolute necessity for the Transitional69

authorities of Mali, the Malian rebel groups, and legitimate representatives of the70

local population in the north of Mali, to engage in a credible negotiation process71

to seek a short-term ceasefire, under the supervision and hospice of:72

a. The aforementioned CPMSA,73

b. The African Union;74

7. Affirms that the fulfillment of Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter75

requires the establishment of a just and lasting stability and harmony in the76

region, which should include the implementation of the following principles:77

a. The immediate surrendering of the violent Islam activists, namely in78

the identities including but not limited to:79

i. Soldiers and officials,80

ii. Political officers81

iii. Military trainers82

b. Termination of all claims or states of belligerency;83

c. Respect for and acknowledgement of the territorial integrity of Mali,84

and the right of the Mali people to live in peace within secure boundaries free85

from threats or acts of aggression,86

8. Demands the protection of Mali citizens by Mali authorities in currently87

disputed regions to the best of their abilities:88

a. Such that their human rights are not deprived or removed in any89

manner by the rebels in the following formats:90

i. Under vigilante mob justice,91

ii. With extreme and inhumane torture;92


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SUBMITTER: France

SIGNATORIES:


b. Under the close monitoring and supervision of the CPMSA, which has93

the obligation to ensure that the above demands are met through regular checks94

every week, with follow-up reports submitted to the General Assembly, until95

deemed appropriate by the CPMSA;96

9. Affirms the absolute responsibility and need for neighbouring African97

countries to enforce their regulations and monitoring of the trading and flow of98

arms, through the means including but not limited to:99

a. Increased frequency of check-ups and inspections of vehicles suspected of100

transporting arms or other potentially hazardous materials that can be exploited101

for weaponry,102

b. Increased installation of arms detectors and trained personnel to103

regularly patrol regions where illegal arms trade is particularly proliferate,104

c. Introduction of a transparent and cohesively monitored registration105

system of arms, such that the arms within the area can be subject to the106

monitoring by a wider public;107

9. Advocates for severe penalties to any states, organisations, or NGOs who108

have been discovered to be supporting the rebel groups in Northern Mali,109

through the following forms:110

a. Provision of military supplies, equipment, and personnel, or111

b. Housing of recognised or apparent violent rebels;112

10. Demands a just and rapid solution to similar crises surrounding Sahel113

Africa.114

11. Decides to remain actively seized on this matter.115

Nuclear Terrorism Resolutions

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