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Nuclear Security A view from UruguayIng. Alvaro Bermudez

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Fundamentacin jurdica

Vision general del tema

Vision particular desdeUruguay

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RES/1540 (2004)

Security Council

on illicit trafficking in nuclear, chemical and biological weapons , their delivery systems

and related materials

1950 2000 2014

TNP1968

BWC1975

CWC1997

20019/11S

2004 - RES 1540

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S/RES/1540 (2004)

Present situation90%of UN member states include in their national reports.

30.000registred interventions approx.

Just eleven States have Action Plans(CS RES1977-2011).

Weaknesses

The wording broadly leaves the design and implementation of the measures at the

discretion of the States.

Lack of infrastructure , economic reasons and political will , among other factors make the

degree of implementation is uneven from state to state .Countries that do not nave these weapons (and do not have sought to have it) may dismiss

the Resolution understanding thats an unnecessary effort on an issue that does not affect

them.

Relevance of the instrument on the prevention of illicit nuclear trafficking

It is important for three reasons: because it provides a universal compulsory andbinding for all UN member States (which exceeds the NPT , BWC and CWC );

because it raises the risk posed by the acquisition of weapons or materials by non -

state actors; and it defines the smuggling of weapons, delivery and related materials

as an aspect of proliferation.

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The current working definition of Nuclear

Security accepted by the IAEA is, The

prevention and detection of and response

to theft, sabotage, unauthorized access,

illegal transfer or other malicious acts

involving nuclear material, otherradioactive substances or their associated

facilities.

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Nuclear Security Threats

Threats to nuclear security involve criminals

or terrorists acquiring and

using for malicious purposes:

Nuclear weapons

Nuclear material to make IND

Radioactive material for RDD or RED

Threats could also involve radioactivematerial dispersion through sabotage of

facility or transport.