Nuclear and Hadron Physics (The theory activities within INFN)

Maria Colonna Laboratori Nazionali del Sud (Catania)

• Heavy Ion Collisions• QGP phenomenology• Neutron stars

• Hadron Structure• Hadronic matter• Parton correlations

Nuclear MatterEoS and Phases QCD

Hadron Physics

Nuclear Structure and Dynamics

• Few-body systems• Electro-weak probes• Shell model

• Algebraic models• Mean-field and beyond• Reactions with exotic nuclei

39%

38%

Total FTE: 75 (Individuals ~100)

23%

Main research linesINFN Postdoc : 8 PhD Students: 11

Few-body systemsShell model Mean-field and beyondReactions with exotic nuclei

Hadron StructureHypernuclei

Nuclear matter EoSHeavy Ion CollisionsQGP phenomenologyNeutron stars

Collaborations with many Universities and Research Institutes spread around the world (France, Germany, Russia, Spain, … China, Japan, US…)

Strong link with experimental activities (proposals, joint papers, PAC participation) in Italy, Europe, US, Japan…

Organization of Workshops , Schools and Training of young scientists (ECT*, GGI)

WHERE ?

Open key questions:• Confinement ?• Structure of hadrons ?• What is the role of quarks and self-interacting gluons in nuclei ?

Hadron Physics Starting point: QCD The strong interaction sector of SM of elementary particles

News on the Proton spin Transversity parton distribution

Pavia and Torino groups

Anselmino et al.,NPB 191,98(2009)

Bacchetta et al.PRL 107, 012001 (2011)

e p e’ π X

e + p e’ (π+ + π-) X

Semi-inclusive DIS

• from HERMES• from COMPASS

Q2 ~1-4 GeV2momentum fraction

Source: D.Lacroix

From quarks to nucleons and nuclei- New trends in Nuclear Forces:Effective Field Theory: derive the nuclear force from QCD or QCD-inspired Lagrangians

Few-body systems:Ab-initio calculations to study boundor scattering states

Hyperspherical harmonicsLorentz Integral Transform (LIT)

• Large effect of three-body force !

Trento, Padova, Pisa

Shell model calculations: Use of modern Vlow-k

Studies of exotic nuclei,high spin

22C is the last bound isotope

chiral potential

Coraggio et al,

Napoli

Phys.Rev. C81,064303 (2010)

• Important final state interactions

Trento group

ˆ H

E

EeffH

Self-consistent MF calculations (and extensions) are a powerful framework to understand the structure of medium-heavy nuclei. Source: F.Gulminelli

The concept or EoS is widely employed in the astrophysical context (modelization of neutron stars and supernova explosion)

Effective interactions and nuclear EoS

Mean-field (MF), Effective interactions

Nuclear levels Nuclear collective motion(linear response)

Microscopic methods are used to construct effective interactions and nuclear EoS:BHF, CBF, FHNC , AFDMC (Catania, Lecce, LNS, Roma, Trento)

Extrapolation to infinite nuclear matter: Equation of State (EoS)

Slater determinant

Properties of the crust, mass vs. radius, …

Properties of single particle and collective states in (exotic) nuclei Milano group

New exotic collective modes : a way to test the density dependence of the symmetry energy

E/A (ρ) = Es(ρ) + Esym(ρ) β² β=(N-Z)/A

Experiment performed at LNLD.Montanari et al, Phys.Lett. B697 (2011) 288

Particle-corecoupling in 49Ca

- Pygmy Dipole Resonance (PDR):The strength is connected to the size of the neutron-skin Low density behavior of Esym

PREX experiment (Neutron radius) at JlabRoca-Maza et al,PRC85,024601(2012)

Neutron center of mass

Proton center of mass

Isovector dipole response

PDR

GDR

Probing the nature of particle-core coupling (PVC model) in odd nuclei with gamma spectroscopy and heavy-ion transfer reactions

Reaction dynamics: from nuclei to new phases of nuclear matter

Matching of structure and reaction theories

Reactions with very exotic nuclei, like transfer and break-up

Two-particle transfer reactions as a probe of nuclear pairing

Advanced quantum models by Pisa and Padova groups

Role of Coulomb and nuclear potential in theexcitation of PDR and GDR

Catania - Padova collaboration

E.G.Lanza et al, PRC 84, 064602 (2011)

Phenomenology of Heavy Ion Collisions at Intermediate Energies : a way to explore the Nuclear Matter phase diagram

TDHF (and extensions)Semi-classical approximation: time evolution of the one-body distribution function in phase space

f(r,p,t):

using effective interactions

E (MeV)

Matching EoS and transport theories

ZE.De Filippo et al(Chimera coll), submitted

Fragmentation events (35 MeV/A) Fragment N/Z:Experiment-Theory comparison

LNS group

collIHf, ft

DREB2012

BULK (pT~T)

MINIJETS (pT>>T,LQCD)

CGC (x<<1)Gluon saturation

Heavy Quarks (mq>>T,LQCD)

Microscopic MechanismMatters!

Initial Conditions Quark-Gluon Plasma Hadronization

Ultra-relativistic HIC and QGP Phenomenology

LNS: Partonic transport theories: a way to link QCD effective Lagrangiansand lQCD predictions to exp. observables An example: Elliptic flow and QGP viscosity

Torino: Strangeness suppression New exotic non-equilibrium phases(Color Glass Condensate)

Firenze: Hydrodynamical models Hadronization and statistical models

xy z

px

py

Hadron abundance: Statistical models works for all iniitial conditions: e+e-, pp, AA collisions

Becattini, Castorina et al, Eur. Phys. J. C (2010) 66: 377–386

A large variety of approaches and methods, but in several casesa common goal can be identified-ex. Exotic systems and symmetry energy

Contiguity between nuclear and hadron physics-ex. New nuclear forces, transitions to new phases of matterin HIC and in neutron stars (hyperons, deconfined phase)

Strong collaboration between experimentalists and theoristsonly in some sectors, however synergies are increasing and encouraged by INFN theoretical and experimental Committees

Other funding

1) Quark-Gluon-Plasma and high energy collisionsUniversities involved:Firenze (F.Becattini), Catania, Torino, Torino Politec.

2) Stucture and dynamics of nuclei beyond the valley of stability Universities involved:Padova (A.Vitturi), Catania, Napoli, Pavia, Trento

MIUR-PRIN 2011-2013

MIUR-FIRB 2010-2014QCD phases, field-theory models and transport theories: a systematic approachto the phenomenology of heavy ion collisions at LHCCatania Univ. (V.Greco) --- Torino Univ. (C.Ratti)

• ERC --- Starting Grant 2011-2016Dynamics of the Quark Gluon PlasmaCatania Univ. (V.Greco)

E.U.FP7 – I3HP2 Hadron Physics 2-3 (2008-2012)Study of Strongly Interacting Matter European Network + JRA(several INFN sites)

New computing centers

-2010 A single central cluster (Project CSN4cluster) in Pisa-128 nodes for serial and parallel jobs-Accessible via GRID

-2011 “Memory driven” facility with high RAM/CORE ratio-Exploited by nuclear theorists6-core, 32 GB RAM, 2 TB HD-Local access

Incontro Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare

12-14 Novembre 2012, INFN-LNS Catania

Comitato Promotore:

C.Agodi (LNS)M.Colonna (LNS)A.Gargano (NA)P.Gianotti (LNF)A.Guglielmetti (LNGS)A.Kievsky (PI)

S.Lenzi (PD)D.Napoli (LNL)M.Radici (PV)P.Rossi (LNF)E.Scapparone(BO)E.Vigezzi (MI)

Comitato Locale:

G.F.Burgio (CT)M. La Cognata (LNS)E.Lanza (CT)A.Musumarra (LNS)S.Pirrone (CT)G.Verde (CT)