Richie Hahn

Listening Comprehension®Each book in the Master TOEFL Junior series includes a carefully researched and detailed guide to each part of the TOEFL Junior Test. This series was designed to give test takers the skills and knowledge needed to obtain a high score on the TOEFL Junior Test administered by ETS.

Sóch Có Ngưa

Improving Skills and Knowledge for the TOEFL Junior Test

ContentsIntroduction to the T O EFL Junior T e s t ............................................................ 005

Overview of L C ...................................................................................................... 007

Official Examinee Score R e p o rt........................................................................ 011

Diagnostic T e s t ...................................................................................................... 015

Announcement/Talk/Conversation Question Types

Unit 1 M ain Id e a Q uestions................................................................... 022

Unit 2 D etails Q uestions......................................................................... 030

Unit 3 Inference Q uestions.................................................................... 038

Unit 4 Prediction Q uestions................................................................... 046

Unit 5 S p e a k e r’s P u rp o se Q uestions................................................. 054

Unit 6 Rhetorical D e v ice & To n e Q uestions...................................... 058

Talk/Discussion Question Types

Unit 1 Main Id ea Q u e stio n s .................................................................... 066

Unit 2 D etails Q u e stio n s ......................................................................... 074

Unit 3 Inference Q u e stio n s .................................................................... 082

Unit 4 Prediction Q u e stio n s ................................................................... 090

Unit 5 S p e ak e r’s P u rp o se Q u e stio n s ................................................. 098

Unit 6 Rhetorical D e vice Q u e stio n s .................................................... 104

Actual T e s t ............................................................................................................. 115

Audio Scripts & Answer K e y ........................................................................... 127

Sach Ca Ngira

Introduction to the TOEFL Junior Test

Basic Overview

The TOEFL Jun io r tes t w as m ade to measure a non-na tive English speaker’s ab ility to understand the English used in a North Am erican educational environm ent (age range of 12-17). The test is divided into three sections: Listening Com prehension (42 questions), Language Form and Meaning (42 questions), and Reading Comprehension (42 questions). It is a 110-minute multiple-choice test.

What You Can Expect During the Test

• The test will be done at a secure testing center. The testing center will have one o r tw o testers w ho will w atch test takers. The testers will check your identification to be sure you are w ho you say you are. The testers will then explain how to do the test, and give you the materials to do the test. The testers cannot help answer any questions as you do the test.

• Test takers can take notes on their test papers during the test. A t the end o f the test, the testers will take your papers. S tudents w ho are caught trying to bring notes from outside into the testing center will be disqualified. Also, students may not leave the test center w ith any notes o r inform ation found in the test booklet. Consequences may include not getting a test score. These rules exist so students do not give TOEFL Junior exam infor­mation to future test takers.

Test takers cannot have any electrical devices on during the test. Leave them at home or turned off in your bag. If a test taker is caught using an electrical device, they could be kicked out o f the test center. Electrical devices include cell phones, MP3 players, radios, calculators, pocket com puters and electronic dictionaries.

At the start of each section students will be given instructions fo r tha t section. All the information needed to finish the test is in the written instructions provided by the test

Go to the bathroom before the test. You cannot leave the test room until your break.

center.

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The structure of the TOEFL Junior Test

Total 126 Questions = 3 Sections x 42 Questions

Time Given = 110 Minutes

The TOEFL Junior is a paper-based test.

Section Word Count# of # of Time Given

Passages Questions (minutes)

55-65 10 1ListeningComprehension

210-360 8 4

60-120 3 4Language Form and Meaning

120-170 6 -84

120-200 2-3 4-7ReadingComprehension

200-420 3-4 5-11

35

25

50

Possible Score

200-300

200-300

200-300

Why Take the TOEFL Junior Test?

The TOEFL Junior test:

Offers an objective measure of a student's English proficiency.

Provides scores that can be used as a placement tool for students on exchange programs or entering into other programs aimed at increasing English proficiency.

Provides test takers with the fundamentals of the much more difficult TOEFL ÍBT test.

Can indicate where a student requires more practice in a particular area of English.

Helps with de ' p I ^ , V I

• Informs educ, oách Cá Ngựa% • Gauges a tesi xaKers improvement over lime.

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Overview of LC

The TOEFL Junior listening is used to judge w hether o r not a non-native English speaking

s tuden t has th e lis te n in g sk ills a p p ro p r ia te fo r le a rn in g in m id -le ve l E ng lish lea rn ing environments. M id-level English learning environm ents include m iddle school and high school

in North America.

1 One of the purposes fo r the TOEFL Jun ior listening test is to measure a test take r’s ability

to understand com m onp lace conversa tions (everyday top ics , d a y -to -d a y events) that

occur in a school environment. The test take r should be able to understand main ideas

and im portant details, be capable o f m aking inferences o r predictions, and understand the

meanings behind prosod ic use / intonation.

2 Test takers m ust also have the ability to listen fo r the purposes o f learning. The TOEFL

Junior conta ins both lectures and instructiona l d ia logues sim ilar to the level o f English used in m id-level learning environments. S tudents m ust be able to understand school staff

m embers in and outside o f the classroom (in class, during school trips, in the lunch room,

intercom messages, in the auditorium ) while being capable o f understanding a variety of

roles tha t dialogues may have (school notices, rem inders, warnings, o r invitations). Test

ta ke rs m u s t u n d e rs ta n d m ain ideas, im p o rta n t d e ta ils and have th e a b ility to in fer information o r make predictions based on the material. Lastly, test takers should know a

speaker's purpose and understand any rhetorical devices used.

This b o ok w ill cove r all th e n e e d -to -k n o w in fo rm a tion m en tioned above in detail. Each

question type is covered in its own unit in the fo llow ing chapters.

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The Structure of the Listening Test

1A cadem ic Listening 4 Scripts W ord Count

Academ icLecture/Discussion

100-150 sec.4 Questions/Scripts 210-360

Classroom Instruction i o Scripts Word Count

P assag eType

N on-academ ic

Monologue (Announcement / Talk)

20-45 sec.1 Question/Scripts 55-65

Short Conversation 4 Scripts Word Count

Conversation between two people

90-120 sec.4 Questions/Scripts 210-360

Main Idea What is the speaker mainly talking about?

Details

• What does the teacher instruct the students to do?

• What point does the boy make about the big test?

Question Type

Prediction What will the girl probably do next?

Inference What is the class probably doing?

Speaker’s Purpose What is the purpose of the talk?

Rhetorical DeviceWhy does the teacher mention that there will be many students working on the project?

ProsodyWhat does the girl mean when she says, “I’m not sure I’ll be very much help"?

Tim e Given 35 minutes

P o ssib le Score 200-300

Sach Ca Ngira

8

There are seven different types of questions on the listening test, grouped into three different categories. This book will look at each type of question, provide hints on how to answer each question type, and test material to practice with. For now, here is a summary of the question types:

A. Basic Understanding

These questions focus on the main top ic and factual information of the scripts in the following ways:

1. Main Id e a -T h e main topic of the announcem ent/talk, conversation, and lecture2. Details - Specific information in the material (words, names, or definitions)

B. Logical ReasoningThese questions focus on using the information given while asking you to logically decide the speaker's meaning or next plan of action.

3. Inference - Unsaid suggestions or ideas made by a speaker4. Prediction - The logical thing a speaker may do or say next5. Prosody - A speaker’s meaning based on how they sound

C. Practical Meaning

These questions ask about the detail of the question in a non-specific way and test your understanding o f the material’s theme.

6. Speaker's Purpose - The function of a dialogue or specific phrase7. Rhetorical Device - The goal in using a specific phrase

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