NTPC Summer Training Presentation
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Transcript of NTPC Summer Training Presentation
SUMMER TRAINING
2014
NTPC LIMITED
BADARPUR THERMAL
POWER STATION
Presented by –
Alok Yadav
1103021006
INDEX
1) INTRODUCTION
2) ABOUT BTPS
3) OPERATION OF POWER PLANT
4) PARTS OF A POWER PLANT
5) ELECTRICAL MAINTENANCE DEPARTMENT-I
6) ELECTRICAL MAINETNANCE DEPARTMENT-II
7) CONTROL AND INSTRUMENTATION
8) REFERENCES
INTRODUCTION
India’s largest power company, Set up in 1975
to accelerate power development in India.
became a Maharatna company in 2010.
The total installed capacity is 43,019 MW (17
coal based, 7 gas based stations and 7 solar
based plants).
Target of an installed power generating
capacity of 1,28,000 MW by the year 2032.
About BTPS Established on 1973 and it was the part of
Central Government. On 01/04/1978 is was
given to NTPC.
Started with a single 95 MW unit.
2 more units (95 MW each) installed in next
2 consecutive years.
Now it has total five units with total capacity of
720 MW. Ownership of BTPS was transferred to
NTPC with effect from 01.06.2006
Basic Steps of Electricity Generation
Generation of electricity involves following
steps:
Coal to steam
Steam to mechanical power
Mechanical power to electrical power
OPERATION OF A POWER PLANT
Generator works on the principle of FARADAY’s Law . To change the flux ,turbine is moved in a great speed with steam.
To produce steam, water is heated in the boilers by burning the coal.
After it passes through the turbine, the steam is condensed in a condenser.
The BTPS has Steam Turbine-Driven Generatorswhich has a collective capacity of 705 MW.
PARTS OF A POWER PLANT1. Cooling tower
2. Cooling water pump
3. Transmission line (3-phase)
4. Unit transformer (3-phase)
5. Electric generator (3-phase)
6. Low pressure turbine
7. Condensate extraction pump
8. Condenser
9. Intermediate pressure turbine
10. Steam governor valve
11. High pressure turbine
12. Deaerator
13. Feed heater
14. Coal conveyor
15. Coal hopper
16. Pulverised fuel mill
17. Boiler drum
18. Ash hopper
19. Super heater
20. Forced draught fan
21. Reheater
22. Air intake
23. Economiser
24. Air preheater
25. Precipitator
26. Induced draught fan
27. Flue Gas
ELECTRICAL MAINTENANCE DEPARTMENT – I (EMD-I)
It includes:
Motors
High Tension/Low Tension Switchgear
Coal handling plant
MOTORS
AC MOTORS
Squirrel cage motor
Slip ring induction motor
In modern thermal power plant three phase
squirrel cage induction motors are used but
sometime double wound motor is used when we
need high starting torque.
Ns (speed) =120f/p
SWITCH GEAR
Switching device that opens & closes a circuit and defined as apparatus used for switching, Lon rolling & protecting the electrical circuit & equipments.
Concerned with switching & interrupting currents either under normal or abnormal operating conditions.
Circuit breakers used in B.P.T.S are VCB, OCB, and SF6 gas circuit breaker.
The most expensive circuit breaker is the SF6 type .
Various manufacturer:VOLTAS, JYOTI, and KIRLOSKAR.
It includes switches, fuses, circuit breakers, relays & other equipments.
COAL HANDLING PLANT (CHP)
The coal handling plant consists of two plants:
Old Coal Handling Plant (OCHP)
New Coal Handling Plant (NCHP)
The OCHP supplies coal to Unit- I, II, III &
NCHP supplies coal to Unit- IV and V.
COAL SUPPLIED AT BTPS
Coal is supplied to BTPS by Jharia coal mines.
GENERATORS The generator works on the principle
of EMI.
The stator cooling is done by de-mineralized (DM) water through hollow conductors.
A boiler and a turbine are coupled to electric generators.
Steam from the boiler is fed to the turbine through the connecting pipe. Steam drives the turbine rotor.
The turbine rotor drives the generator rotor which generate electricity.
RATINGS OF THE GENERATORS USED
Turbo generator 100MW
Turbo generator 210 MW
The 100 MW generator generates 10.75 KV and 210 MW generates 15.75 KV. The voltage is stepped up to 220 KV with the help of transformer and is connected to the grid.
The voltage is stepped down to 6.6 KV with the help of UNIT TRANSFORMER and this voltage is used to drive the HT motors.
The voltage is further stepped down to 415 V and then to 220 V and this voltage is used to drive LT Motors.
TRANSFORMERS
Static machine which increases or decreases the AC voltage without changing the freqency of the supply.
It is a device that: Transfer electric power from one circuit
to another.
It accomplishes this by electromagnetic induction.
In this the two electric circuits are in mutual inductive influence of each other.
WORKING PRINCIPLE:It works on FARADAY’S LAW OF ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION.
SWITCH YARD
Electrical energy can’t be stored like cells, so what we generate should be consumed instantaneously.
But as the load is not constants therefore we generate electricity according to need i.e. the generation depends upon load.
The yard is the places from where the electricity is send outside. It has both outdoor and indoor equipments.
OUTDOOR EQUIPMENTS
BUS BAR.
LIGHTENING ARRESTER
BREAKER
CAPACITATIVE VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER
EARTHING ROD
CURRENT TRANSFORMER.
POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER
INDOOR EQUIPMENTS
RELAYS.
CIRCUIT BREAKERS
This division basically calibrates various instruments and takes care of any faults occur in any of the auxiliaries in the plant.
“Instrumentation can be well defined as a technology of using instruments to measure and control the physical and chemical properties of a material.”
Control and Instrumentation Department has following labs:
Manometry Lab.
Protection and Interlocks Lab.
Automation Lab.
Electronics Lab.
Water Treatment Plant.
Furnaces Safety Supervisory System Lab
CONTROL & INSTRUMENTATION
References
Course Material for Trainees by NTPC,
Badarpur
Modern Power System Analysis
(By D P Kothari | I J Nagrath)
Wikipedia
www.ieee.org