NSF IUSE IDEAS Lab in Engineering

Gregory N. Washington, Ph.D. Dean, The Henry Samueli School of

Engineering Professor, Mechanical and Aerospace

Engineering

Who am I? •  Major Academic Accomplishments

–  Developed first mechanical active antenna with Smart Materials

–  First Reported Intelligent Control Methodology for Hybrid Electric Vehicles

–  Dean (UCI), Interim Dean, Associate Dean for Research

•  Academic –  More than 140 papers in Journals, Conference

Proceedings and edited volumes, 4 best paper awards. University Distinguished Teaching Award

•  Industry and Government funding ($>12 million ($4 million single PI))

–  NSF (CAREER+ 3 other awards), ARO, AFOSR, DARPA, DOT, Dept of Energy, NASA, Ohio Aerospace Institute

–  BF Goodrich, Goodyear, Dupont, HRL, Boeing, Ford, GM, Ameritech, Outboard Marine Corp.

•  My motivations for this talk –  Family –  Product of Public Schools

Who we are? UCI Engineering At a Glance

•  21st Ranked Public Engineering Program •  Comprehensive University (Medicine, Law,

Business, etc) •  5 Departments •  Only UC First Year Engineering program •  One of the Safest Communities in the

country •  Great combination of analytical and

experiential learning Enrollment

•  3121 Ugrad - 902 Grad students •  Total Enrollment >4000 •  12 Engineering Degree programs (11

accredited) •  113 Faculty •  Freshman Cohort: 38% Low Income, 57%

First Generation •  3.97 GPA

Key Metrics – More Students

•  The UCI campus student faculty ratio is 26.3. With our student size of 3754 students we would need 142 faculty to be at the average of the campus.

•  Only UC Engineering program without hard cap on enrollment. •  Faculty and staff growth have been relatively flat since 2008

4  

30%  Increase  since  2007  

Student Diversity

•  Freshmen First generation – 56.9% •  Freshman Low Income - 38.1%

Global Challenges •  Level  1  

–  Climate  Change  – Water  Scarcity  –  Energy  Security  –  Cyber  Security  –  Global  financial  structure  –  Biodiversity  and  Ecosystem  losses  

–  Fisheries  Deple?on  –  Deforesta?on  –  Infec?ous  Disease  

•  Level  2  –  Poverty  –  Educa?on  –  The  Digital  Divide  –  Urbaniza?on  –  Intellectual  property  –  Interna?onal  labor  and  migra?on  

–  E-­‐Commerce  rules  –  Biotechnology  rules  – Mari?me  Safety  and  Pollu?on  

Disrup6ve  to  our  way  of  life  Eliminate  our  way  of  life  

Accelerated Change! •  Years to 50 Million users

– Radio – 38 years – Television – 13 years – Cell phone – 7 years –  Internet – 4 years –  IPOD – 3 years – Facebook – 2 years

•  More than half of the top 10 in demand jobs in 2014 did not exist in 2004

7 Singapore Science Park

Shanghai - Pudong

Are  we  changing  fast  enough?  

   “Educa6on  is  the  most  powerful  weapon  which  you  can  use  to  change  the  world”  –  N.  Mandela                                                                                                    

…  not  at  the  pace  of  engineering...  

©  Dassault  Systems  

…  not  at  the  pace  of  manufacturing…  

Record movies Record movies View movies Photographs

Compute

Listen Radio Play Games

Measure Time

Telephone Share pictures Share text

Yellow Pages

Plan route Forecast weather

   ©  Dassault  S

ystemes  2009  

Design

1980: Disconnected Technologies

Listen Music (mobile!)

2014

Now integrated in our pockets

But  we  STILL  educate  the  same  way  

…  not  at  the  pace  of  IT…  

Are  we  losing  our  compe66ve  edge?  

   “Educa6on  is  the  most  powerful  weapon  which  you  can  use  to  change  the  world”  –  N.  Mandela                                                                                                    

Source: National Center for Education Statistics

Top Bachelors Majors at US Universities

1.  Business 2.  General Studies 3.  Social Science and History 4.  Psychology 5.  Health Professions 6.  Education 7.  Visual and Performing Arts 8.  Engineering and Technology 9.  Communications and Journalism 10. Computer and Information Science

Source: National Center for Education Statistics

Top Bachelors Majors at Global Universities

1. Business (1) 2. General Studies (10) 3. Social Science and History (6) 4. Psychology (9) 5. Health Professions (4) 6. Education (5) 7. Visual and Performing Arts (8) 8. Engineering and Technology (2) 9. Communications and Journalism (7) 10. Computer and Information Science (3)

Thou

sand

s  of  G

radu

ates  

The New Global Battlefield: Science and Engineering

National Science Board, S&E Indicators, 2010

Are we really ahead Globally?

•  In STEM Women perform better in other parts of the world

Are we really ahead Globally?

•  In STEM Women perform better in other parts of the world

Education is a Global Jobs Issue

•  7 Billion People (5 billion adults) •  3 Billion looking for jobs •  1.2 Billion formal jobs •  1.8 Billion looking for a formal job

– According to Gallup – Formal job attainment is the most important global issue and is at the core of much of the conflict nationally

12.0 10.7

17.119.4 18.1

21.7

40s 50s 60s 70s 80s 90s 00s 10s

-­‐0.9 ?

Economic Issues - The Lost Decade

Globally,  there  are  1.2  billion  formal  jobs  for  3  Billion  people  

Lost    Decade    

Total  New  US  Jobs  (Millions)  By  Decade  

Global  Compe6tors  -­‐  SINGAPORE  1960s  

h1p://www.country-­‐data.com/cgi-­‐bin/query/r-­‐11828.html  

SINGAPORE  Today  

h1p://inhabitat.com/marina-­‐bay-­‐sail-­‐by-­‐nbbj-­‐architects/  

70% of Young Adult Males (18-24 yrs old) are NOT Eligible for the Military

•  Lack High School Diploma •  Cannot Pass Military Entrance Exam •  Obesity •  Drugs •  Incarceration

    70%  -­‐Is  Increasing  at  1%  Per  Year-­‐  

    70%  

Are  they  employable?  

   

70%  Are  they  headed  to  public  

assistance?  

Technology is a New Real Competitor

•  Probability of Computerization –  Telemarketers – 99% –  Secretarial/Adm. Assistant – 96% –  Accountant/Auditors – 94% –  Retail Salespersons – 92% –  Technical Writers – 89% –  Paralegals – 94% –  Postal Service Clerks – 95% –  Machinists – 65% –  47% of total US employment is at

risk

The  future  of  Employment:  How  SuscepGble  Jobs  are  to  ComputerisaGon;  C.B.  Frey,  M.A.  Osborne    

In short supply in the US What about Creativity? Creativity

The  Global  Innova?on  Index,  2012:  U.S.  ranks  only  10th  in  innova?on!    The  US  is  ranked  52nd  in  STEM  educa?on.    67%  of  PhDs  in  the  US  are  not  US  ci?zens  .    World  Economic  Forum  Global  Compe??veness  Report  2012:  US  ranked  7th.  

Grand Opportunities in STEM

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•  In April 2003, Human Genome (3 Billion DNA sequenced and encoded on 25K genes).

•  In 2013 computers eclipsed humans in Computational Capacity. Laptops by 2029.

•  Communications Bandwidth has increased by 100K since 2000.

•  Rise of Nanotechnology as a Discipline

•  Our understanding of the Brain

Grand Opportunities in STEM

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•  In the next 5 years you will no longer need –  IDs –  Money –  Credit Cards –  Store cards –  Business Cards –  Photos –  Mail/Mailman –  Paper and Hardback Books –  Bills and notices –  Paper –  Steering Wheels –  Organ Donors? –  Classrooms?

Solutions – Which way do we go?

•  Create new inventors •  Disrupt the University

Paradigm –  Establish Create and Make

Spaces on Campus –  Experiential Learning –  Embrace Entrepreneurship

•  Embrace the Digital Learning Revolution

1st Solution?

Star6ng  with  Kids  Invent  Inventors.  

“To stimulate creativity, one must develop the childlike inclination for play…”

-- Einstein    

How? – Bring exploration and play back into the classroom

Why Kids are the ideal inventors?

Crea6ve    Mo6vated  by  challenges      Not  afraid  of  failure    Resilient      Idealis6c  

Why Kids are the ideal inventors?

Kelvin  Doe,  Sierra  Leone,  created  ba_eries  and  generators;  started  a  radio  sta?on  for  his  village  from  a  deteriora?ng  voltage  stabilizer  that  he  found  in  the  trash.  

William  Kamkwamba,  Malawi,  windmill  to  power  his  family’s  house  using  blue  gum  trees,  bicycle  parts,  and  materials  collected  from  a  scrapyard  

Girl-power!

FAB-Camp UCI •  From July 15-26, about 60 (7th

and 8th)students participated in the UCI FAB-Camp.

•  This program gave students “hands on” project based learning skills while simultaneously exposing them to multiple engineering disciplines

•  Students built their own, LED, Fuel Cell, Hovercraft, model aircraft, ice cream, etc.

•  They also learned the basics of advanced manufacturing with a focus on how to use CAD software and 3-D printers

•  FABCamp 2014 June 23rd – July 25th (4 one week sessions)

h\p://sites.uci.edu/fabcamp/  

Great  Things  S6ll  Happening!  

Teach  Students  How  to  Design  and  Build  Anything   Art  Biology  

Engineering  

Printable  Muscle  A  3-­‐D  printer  by  San  Diego-­‐based  Organovo  uses  cells  rather  than  plas?c  to  fabricate  organic  machinery.  

Hands-­‐Free  Guitar  Hero  for  Amputees  To  prepare  prostheses  for  amputees,  algorithms  translate  signals  made  by  nerves  once  connected  to  missing  limbs  into  finger  movements  in  the  game.  

Fly-­‐Trap  Clock  A  flypaper  conveyor  belt  traps  insects  and  deposits  them  into  a  microbial  fuel  cell  to  power  a  digital  clock.  

Minecrab  This  freewheeling  homage  to  the  pixelated  pleasures  of  videogames  past  is  one  of  the  most  successful  ?tles  of  all  ?me.  

Robo6c  Gravity  Harps  Commissioned  for  Bjork’s  latest  project,  pendulums  connected  to  a  harp  and  computer  allow  the  user  to  program  and  play  predetermined  melodies.  

Archangel  Wings  A  ?nkerer  and  his  comic-­‐book-­‐ar?st  brother  built  the  X-­‐Man’s  wings  in  robo?c  form.  

Gene6c  Lava  Lamp  A  visual-­‐effects  ar?st  created  a  lamp  using  crystals  grown  on  electroluminescent  wire  in  the  shape  of  DNA,  encases  in  silicone  and  acrylic.  

HeartWave  A  tabletop  tank  ougi_ed  with  sensors  reads  your  heartbeats  as  ripples  across  water.  

The  most  original  projects  combine  two  or  more  disciplines.  Look  to  mash  them  up  

Programming  

Develop  Open  Source  Curricula  

New Learning will get us there

•  “School” will take many forms. Sometimes it will be self-organized.

•  Learners decide and define the time and place for learning.

•  Whatever the path, radical personalization will become the norm, with learning approaches and supports tailored to each learner.

We should be concerned... but?

1. Electrification 2. Automobile 3. Airplane 4. Water Supply and Distribution 5. Electronics 6. Radio and Television 7. Agricultural Mechanization 8. Computers 9. Telephone 10. Air Conditioning

11. Highways 12. Spacecraft 13. Internet 14. Imaging 15. Household Appliances 16. Health Technologies 17. High-Performance Materials 18. Laser and Fiber Optics 19. Nuclear Technologies 20.  Petroleum and Petrochemical Technologies

•  We were able to do this in spite of the fact that in 1900 the US Population was 76 million and China’s was 467 million (6.14 times larger than ours). China’s Population in 2009 is only 4.33 times larger than ours. • What about people like me?

Great Achievements of the Last Century

Major 21st Century Innovations

. . . . And many more!