NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and...
-
Upload
andra-skinner -
Category
Documents
-
view
214 -
download
2
Transcript of NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and...
![Page 1: NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy operated by the Alliance for Sustainable.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4a5503460f94c6c617/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC
Michael Milligan & Brendan Kirby (consultant)National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Golden, Colorado USA
Ongoing NREL ResearchOn BA Cooperation
![Page 2: NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy operated by the Alliance for Sustainable.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4a5503460f94c6c617/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
NREL Research Efforts
• Western Wind and Solar Integration Study• Eastern Wind Integration & Transmission Study• Potential Benefits of Balancing Area Cooperation and
Wide-Area Management Approaches in the Western Interconnection– Quantify the potential benefits of reducing net variability and
increasing response capability through cooperation among BAs
– Many methods to share variability and response– Joint NREL/PNNL Virtual BA project
2
![Page 3: NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy operated by the Alliance for Sustainable.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4a5503460f94c6c617/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Benefits of Balancing Area Cooperation:Genuine Economies
• Reduce net variability– Uncorrelated and partly correlated variability are reduced through
aggregation• Regulation and load following
– Load– Wind– Load & wind
• Increase resource access– Larger geography & resource pool – greater probability of excess
maneuvering capability– Sub-hourly scheduling gains access to “Stranded” ramping
capability• Utility owned & IPP• Generation and responsive load
3
![Page 4: NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy operated by the Alliance for Sustainable.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4a5503460f94c6c617/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Multiple Beneficiaries
•Generators benefit Increased sales
opportunities
•BAs benefit Increased resource pool
•Customers benefit Decreased ancillary service
costs
•Wind benefits Decreased integration costs
4
![Page 5: NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy operated by the Alliance for Sustainable.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4a5503460f94c6c617/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Minute-to-Minute Regulation Requires Additional Capacity
(Load and Wind)
Capacity to Serve Varying Load
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
8:00 8:30 9:00 9:30 10:00 10:30 11:00 11:30 12:00
Lo
ad a
nd
Cap
acit
y M
W
Installed CapacityLoadExtra Capacity
Capacity to Serve Ramping Load
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
8:00 8:30 9:00 9:30 10:00 10:30 11:00 11:30 12:00
Lo
ad a
nd
Cap
acit
y M
WInstalled CapacityLoadExtra Capacity
Load Ramps Do Not Require Additional
Capacity – Just Additional Movement Of Existing
Capacity
Capacity Requirements Differ For Regulation and Ramps
![Page 6: NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy operated by the Alliance for Sustainable.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4a5503460f94c6c617/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Capacity Requirements Differ for Wind Serving “Internal” vs “External” Load
Wind Serves Internal CA Load
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
8:00 8:30 9:00 9:30 10:00 10:30 11:00 11:30 12:00
Lo
ad a
nd
Gen
erat
ion
MW
Installed CapacityGenerationLoadWindExtra Capacity
Wind Serving Internal BA Load Does Not Require Additional
Capacity – Just Additional Use of Existing Capacity
Wind Serves External Load
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
8:00 8:30 9:00 9:30 10:00 10:30 11:00 11:30 12:00
Lo
ad
an
d G
ene
rati
on
MW
Installed CapacityGenerationLoadWindExtra Capacity
Wind Serving External BA Load Does Require Additional Capacity – (But That Capacity Is Not Very
Useful To The Receiving BA)
![Page 7: NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy operated by the Alliance for Sustainable.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4a5503460f94c6c617/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
What You Do vs How You Do It
• Many methods to accomplish the same goal– Reserve sharing pools
– Dynamic schedules between resources
– Dynamic scheduling with BAs
– Sub-hourly resource scheduling
– Sub-hourly BA scheduling
– …
– Control area consolidation
• Result can be separated from implementation method or industry structure– Vertically integrated
– Fully restructured
– …
• Analysis is quite similar
National Renewable Energy Laboratory Innovation for Our Energy Future
![Page 8: NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy operated by the Alliance for Sustainable.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4a5503460f94c6c617/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Initial Analysis and Data
• Unconstrained “copper sheet” analysis quantifies the upper bound on cooperative benefits
• Initial data– 10 minute load from 106 areas within WECC for 2006
– 10 minute wind data from WWSIS
• Initial analysis possibilities– Compare variability over time frames of interest
• Minute-to-minute regulation• Sub-hourly and hourly load following• Infrequent, large ramps (tails events)
– Compare alternative levels of collaboration• Individual BA• Aggregate load, Aggregate wind, Aggregate wind and load• Sub-hourly vs hourly scheduling
– With generators– Between BAs
National Renewable Energy Laboratory Innovation for Our Energy Future
![Page 9: NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy operated by the Alliance for Sustainable.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4a5503460f94c6c617/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
National Renewable Energy Laboratory Innovation for Our Energy Future
• Methodology for Examining Control Area Ramping Capabilities with Implications for Wind
• The Impact of Balancing Areas Size, Obligation Sharing, and Ramping Capability on Wind Integration
• An Analysis of Sub-Hourly Ramping Impacts of Wind Energy and Balancing Area Size
• Capacity Requirements to Support Inter-Balancing Area Wind Delivery
References: Various papers by Milligan & Kirby
![Page 10: NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy operated by the Alliance for Sustainable.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4a5503460f94c6c617/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
National Renewable Energy Laboratory Innovation for Our Energy Future
Additional FY 2010 Tasks
• Production cost simulation– Wind penetration and locations to be developed with VGS– Hydro scheduling and dispatch– Production cost and other metrics as desired by the VGS– Sub-hourly scheduling impacts on resource availability
• Identify sources of flexibility and tap those that are economic
• Show impact of new transmission, demand response, wind only BAs, etc.
– Quantify both physical and economic benefits– Physical and institutional constraints
![Page 11: NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy operated by the Alliance for Sustainable.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4a5503460f94c6c617/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
National Renewable Energy Laboratory Innovation for Our Energy Future
FY 2010 Tasks (continued)
Canadian and Mexican renewable resources are not included in WWSIS
• Develop 3-year meso-model (wind) for the rest of WECC
• Coordinate time-synchronized load and wind data
• Develop full WECC model– Possibly with TEPPC