NR505 GIS Applications in Wildlife Sciences Mondays and Wednesdays 9:30 – 11:20 CNR GIS lab Room...
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Transcript of NR505 GIS Applications in Wildlife Sciences Mondays and Wednesdays 9:30 – 11:20 CNR GIS lab Room...
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NR505 GIS Applications in Wildlife Sciences
Mondays and Wednesdays 9:30 – 11:20CNR GIS lab Room 26
Home Range Resource Selection Wildlife Habitat Models + Accuracy Assessment Fragmentation Analysis in Fragstats Distance Measurements and Least Cost Path Analysis Functional Connectivity Introductory Remote Sensing + separability testing
http://www.cnr.uidaho.edu/rsgis/nr504.htm
Grading: Attendance & Participation 60 % Final Project Presentation 40%
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Eva StrandCNR Remote Sensing and GIS Lab
Eva StrandCNR Remote Sensing and GIS Lab
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What is Home Range?
The description of an animals space use
The home range is believed to contain the essential requirements such as food, water and cover
Wildlife Techniques Manual
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Home range characteristics
• Home ranges often overlap (as opposed to territories)
• Home range size has been correlated to body size
• Can help explain an animals biological patterns
• Can help improve understanding of ecological relationships
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Telemetry data or GPS collar
Tabular data in Excel (2003) .dbf or .txt format can be directly imported to ArcGIS or ArcView
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Telemetry data or GPS collar
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Minimum Convex Polygon
Harmonic Mean
Kernal
Jennrich-Turner
Home Range Methods
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Minimum Convex Polygon (MCP) is defined as the polygon drawn around the outermost points
Minimum Convex Polygon
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Fixed kernel home range is currently recommended
Contours
The size of the kernel home range is sensitive to the bandwidth value (h) used!
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Kernel Density Functions
n – number of locations
h – smoothing parameter
d – distance from the location x, y
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….a few assumptions
• Locations are independent
• Large enough sample size
• Smoothing parameter (kernel estimators)
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Bandwidth, h-factor, smoothing parameter
• Least Squares Cross Validation (LSCV)– Currently recommended– Tendency to undersmooth, creates multiple local minima– High variability
• Likelihood Cross Validation (CV)– Novel method (Horne and Garton 2006)– Performs better for smaller sample sizes (< 50)– Better fit and less variability
• Normal or Reference method (href)
• Scaled-REF (href is multiplied by a fixed proportion)
Gitzen et al. 2006Horne and Garton 2006
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Effect of the smoothing parameter
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Home Range Spatial Tools
Hawth’s Tools http://www.spatialecology.com/
Home Range Tool http://blue.lakeheadu.ca/hre/
Animal Movement http://www.absc.usgs.gov/glba/gistools/
Likelihood Cross Validation Tool (Jon Horne)http://www.cnr.uidaho.edu/population_ecology/animal_space_use.htm
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Hawth’s Tools
www.spatialecology.com
ArcGIS extension
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Home Range Tool
• Free download http://blue.lakeheadu.ca/hre/• Developed by Art Rodgers, Ontario • Extension to ArcGIS 9• Kernel Tool• MCP Tool• Display Travel• Calculate travel times• Great User’s Manual and Tutorial Guide!!
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Animal Movement Extension• Will utilize any type of point data that can
be brought into ArcView• Works in any projection*• Works on any selected subset of data*• Produces Coverages, Grids, or Tables
i.e. all output is compatible with ArcView
*Except Gin= Gout2 G = Garbage
U.S. Department of InteriorU.S. Geological Survey
Alaska Biological Science CenterGlacier Bay Field Station
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Changes to ArcView
Buttons
ToolsMenus
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Readings – home range
• Bookhout TA (editor) 1994. Research and Mangement Techniques for Wildlife and Habitats pp.394-403, The Wildlife Society, Bethesda , Maryland .
• Horne JS and EO Garton 2006. Likelihood cross-validation versus least squares cross-validation for choosing the smoothing parameter in kernel home-range analysis, Journal of Wildlife Management 70(3):641-648.
• Gitzen RA, JJ Millspaugh, and BJ Kernohan, 2006. Bandwidth selection for fixed-kernel analysis of animal utilization distributions, Journal of Wildlife Management 70(5):1334-1344.
• Home Range Tool User’s Manual
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