November 18 th and 19 th Turn in Alex the Great Maps Collect papers off bookshelf Work on Warm-Up...
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Transcript of November 18 th and 19 th Turn in Alex the Great Maps Collect papers off bookshelf Work on Warm-Up...
November 18th and 19th
Turn in Alex the Great Maps
Collect papers off bookshelf
Work on Warm-Up #13 at your desk
Write homework in agenda
Agenda for today
Warm-Up #13
Essential Questions Who were Sophocles, Plato, and Aristotle? Describe the accomplishments of Hippocrates,
Ptolemy, Euclid, and Archimedes
Significant Figures in Greece Notes
Library Time to work on outlines
Homework: Section 5.5 work and bring S.S. Fair materials
Ancient Greece
Significant Figures
SophoclesOne of Athens’ greatest playwrights who was born in Athens around 496 B.C.E.
Most famous play is Oedipus Rex, which is about the tragic fall of a powerful king
Sophocles
Used three actors instead of two and increased the size of the chorus in his plays
First playwright to use painted backdrops for scenery
Told a complete story in a single play, unlike earlier playwrights who often took three plays to complete their plots
Plato
A philosopher and a teacher who was born in Athens around 427 B.C.E.
Student and close friend of Sophocles
Plato
Wrote The Republic, in which he said that the best society was one where every citizen performed the task that they were best suited for Founded The Academy, which is considered the first important institution of high learning in the Western world and taught philosophy, law, math, and astronomy
Aristotle
A philosopher and a scientist who was born in northern Greece around 384 B.C.E.
Studied under Plato for 20 years
Wrote about all branches of
learning, including philosophy,
biology, math, and drama
AristotleFounded the Lyceum, a center for studying science and history
Wrote History of Animals in which he gave detailed descriptions of animal and fish life
With his students’ help, he classified more than 500 types of animals
Hippocrates
Referred to as the “father of medicine” He was the first physician to reject superstitions and beliefs that credited supernatural or divine forces with causing illness Believed to have written the Hippocratic Oath, which is an oath traditionally taken by physicians pertaining to the ethical practice of medicine
Ptolemy
An astronomer who practiced in the second century B.C.E. He incorrectly placed the earth at the center of the solar system, and idea which astronomers accepted for the next 14 centuries Said the order of the planets was Earth, Moon, Mercury, Venus, Sun, Mars, Jupiter, then Saturn
Euclid
A highly regarded mathematician who opened a school of geometry in Alexandria
His book, The Elements, contained 465 geometry propositions and proofs
Muslim and European universities used The Elements until well into the 1900s and it is sometimes said that only the Bible has been more widely used and studied
Archimedes
Another important Hellenistic scientist, from Syracuse, who studied at Alexandria
He accurately estimated the value of pi to be between 3 10/71 and 3 1/7
He also explained the law of the lever and invented the compound pulley to lift heavy objects
He also built a catapult, or missile-throwing machine, and the Archimedes screw, a device that raised water from the ground