Notes on Weather Weather is the short term condition of the atmosphere over a small area.
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Transcript of Notes on Weather Weather is the short term condition of the atmosphere over a small area.
Notes on WeatherA. Weather is the short term condition of the atmosphere over
a small area.B. Weather is described by its conditions, or variables that
change every day.1. temperature - indicates the amount of heat in the atmosphere and is measured with a
thermometer2. Air pressure- air has mass; it is the force that
presses down on eartha. Caused mainly by changes in
temperature and altitude.b. The force is measured with a
barometer in either inches of mercury or millibars
3. Humidity - the amount of water vapor in the air
a. Warm air absorbs more water vapor than cool air; so air temperature determines how much water vapor can be absorbed
b. Relative humidity - a comparison of the actual amount of water vapor in the air with the maximum amount the air could absorb at that temperature
1. psychrometer - instrument used to measure relative humidity; a wet and dry bulb
thermometer is one type
4. Wind - the horizontal movement of air over the Earth’s surface
a. Wind speed - a measure of how fast the air is moving, in miles or
kilometers per hour1. anemometer - instrument
used to measure wind speedb. Wind direction - the direction from
which the wind is coming 1. weather vane or wind sock - instrument used to determine
wind direction
5. Precipitation - water, in any form that falls from the atmospherea. Temperature determines the type of
precipitation producedb. Types:1. Rain - most common2. Sleet - rain that falls through a layer of
air below freezing; smaller than 5mm3. Hail - ice larger than 5mm; updrafts push
small ice pellets to higher parts of the cloud where a new layer of ice may form; when too heavy it falls
4. Snow - water vapor in a cloud that form ice crystals
c. Rain Gauge - instrument used to measure the amount of precipitation in inches
Notes on CloudsA. Clouds
1. Clouds are millions of tiny droplets of water or ice crystals2. Clouds form:
a. When condensation occursb. Temperature at which condensation occurs is the dew point.c. Water vapor condenses around small particles
such as dust (soil) salt, smoked. Water vapor that condenses on grass or on your
car is called dew.
3. Cloud Types- clouds are described by height and shapea. Height 1. Cirro – high clouds 2. Alto – middle clouds 3. Strato – low cloudsb. Shape 1. Cirrus – have a feathery look 2. Cumulus – means “heap” or “mass” 3. Stratus – means spread outc. Fog – clouds that form near the groundd. Nimbus – means rain
CLOUDS
Notes on WeatherA. ___________ is the short term condition of the atmosphere
over a small area.B. Weather is described by its conditions, or variables that
change every day.1. ______________ - indicates the amount of heat
in the atmosphere and is measured with a ______________
2. _____________ - air has mass; it is the force that presses down on earth
a. Caused mainly by changes in temperature and altitude.
b. The force is measured with a ________________ in either inches of _____________ or ________________
4. _________________ - the horizontal movement of air over the Earth’s surface
a. _______________ - a measure of how fast the air is moving, in miles or kilometers per hour
1. ________________ - instrument used to measure wind speed
b. ______________ - the direction from which the wind is coming
1. _______________ - instrument used to determine wind direction
3. ________________ - the amount of water vapor in the air
a. Warm air absorbs more water vapor than cool air; so air temperature determines how much water vapor can be absorbed
b. ________________- a comparison of the actual amount of water vapor in the air with the maximum amount the air could absorb at that temperature
1. ________________ - instrument used to measure relative humidity; a wet and dry bulb
thermometer is one type
5. ________________ - water, in any form that falls from the atmosphere
a. Temperature determines the type of precipitation produced
b. Types:1. ___________ - most common2. ___________ - rain that falls through a layer of
air below freezing; smaller than 5mm3. ___________ - ice larger than 5mm; updrafts
push small ice pellets to higher parts of the cloud where a new layer of ice may form; when too heavy it falls
4. ___________ - water vapor in a cloud that form ice crystals
c. ________________ - instrument used to measure the amount of precipitation in inches