Notes 10-1

Plants

Plants are Alive

• Just like people and animals. • How do we know this? Living things all do

certain things:• They grow and die.They need energy,

nutrients, air, and water.They produce young.They are made up of cells.They react to what's around them.

Autotrophs

• Plants make their own food via Photosynthesis

cells

• Plants are eukaryotic• Cells have cell

walls, chloroplasts, and large central vacuole

Levels of organization

• Cells make up tissues, tissues make up organs, organs make up organ systems, organ systems make up organisms

• Stems, leaves, roots are organs

• 2 organ systems: shoot system, root system

Adaptations

• Plants have adaptations that allow them to live on land:

• Roots to obtain water and nutrients• Cuticle- waxy covering on leaves to help retain

water• Vascular tissue inside plant for movement of

water, minerals, and food• Vascular tissue and cell walls for support• Reproductive adaptations

Asexual Reproduction

• Some plants can undergo asexual reproduction called vegetative reproduction

• Pieces of parent plant breaks off and develops into new plant

Sexual Reproduction

• ALL plants undergo sexual reproduction involving fertilization (the joining of sperm and egg)

• Fertilized egg = zygote

Complex Life Cycle

• 2 stages• Sporophyte

stage produces spores that grow into the stage 2 organism, the gametophyte which produces gametes