(Photos by Richard F. Hope)

Northampton National Bank Building (400 Northampton St., now an office building known as “The National” or the “National Building”).

7-story, Beaux-Arts architecture, with a foyer mural entitled “Labor”.

Construction of the Northampton National Bank Building was begun by the Northampton National Bank on 1 April 1908; the building was opened a year later (on 1 April 1909). Rental rates started at $13.25 per square foot per month, and the building “quickly became known as THE place to do business in Easton.”1

1 Advertising Postcard by Prudential Paul Ford Realtors for Koehler Kheel Realty and Building Management, “Easton: then and now” (2007); accord, Northampton National Bank pamphlet, “Our 75 th year . . .” (1973)(copy in Marx Room, Easton Area Public Library); Elinor Warner, “El’s Little Walking Tour of Easton”, in Laini Abraham, laini’s little pocket guide to Easton 26, at 43 (Easton: Community Cards, LLC July 2007); Ronald W. Wynkoop, Sr., It Seems Like Yesterday 352 (self published 1989)(picture c.1905, identifies “Woodring the Hatter” as the Bank’s site c.1909); City of Easton, Pennsylvania Historic Resource Survey Form, Attachment: Building Description Survey Area 1 Zone G (City Council Resolution approved 12 May 1982)(“Victorian./Beau Arts” style built c.1910). See also James A. Wright, Colonial Taverns of Northampton County, Pennsylvania 10 (1993)(built in 1908); Marie and Frank Summa & Leonard Buscemi Sr., Images of America: Historic Easton 40 (Arcadia Publishing 2000)(built in 1908); Easton Heritage Alliance, House Tour 2000: Historic Easton Homes and Gardens 39 (13 May 2000)(built in 1907); Scott Hill, A Self Guided Tour . . . Historic Forks of the Delaware 6 (Eagle Scout Project, April 29, 1992)(built in 1920). See generally Leonard S. Buscemi, Sr., The

The Bank was originally incorporated 1869 as The Northampton County Savings Bank and built the original building that became the Neumeyer Theater in 1910,2 and later the State Theatre.3 The building was improved in 1920.4 In recent years, as a result of ownership changes, the Bank did business under several names, including Meridian Bank5 and Corestates Bank,6 and others.

The building was purchased from a successor bank by the Koehler Kheel Realty in 1999, and “restored to near-original condition.” Under the name of the “National Building”, it provides office space for a number of business tenants.7 It was resold in 2011 to a limited partnership8 operated by VM Development Group, a firm handling two restorations in Easton, to occupy the seventh floor as its Easton offices. Otherwise, the new owner promised to “operate exactly like Koehler-Kheel did in every respect.”9

Pre-Bank History

Prior to the Bank, the SW corner of Northampton and Hamilton (now 4th) Streets had a long history. This property is the eastern half of Town Lot No.216, as laid out by William Parsons in 1752.10 In 1753, Jasper Scull obtained a survey11 and rights to this

1990 Easton Calendar unnumbered p.21 (Buscemi Enterprises 1989); Leonard S. Buscemi, Sr., Easton Remembered 110 (Buscemi Enterprises 2007)(photo of street level façade decorations).

2 State Theatre Homepage, www.statetheatre.org, “State Theatre History” (accessed 3 Jan. 2005); Kenneth L. Klabunde, “Postkard Korner: Easton’s Grande Dame Turns 81 – ‘A Prologue to a Plaster Palace’”, THE IRREGULAR, March 2007, p.2; see Charles M. Barnard (compiler), West’s Directory for City of Easton 1912 (The West Job Printing House 1912)(alphabetical listing for Neumeyer Theatre).

3 See Northampton National Bank pamphlet, “Our 75 th year . . .” (1973)(copy in Marx Room, Easton Area Public Library), and separate entry for 451 Northampton Street (and sources cited therein).

4 See Dr. Elinor Warner, Easton, Pennsylvania Walking Tour, prepared for Pennsylvania Art Education Association Conference 2000, www.kutztown.edu/paea/paeaconf/2000/Easton/walk_tour.html (accessed 4 Jan. 2005).

5 Scott Hill, A Self Guided Tour . . . Historic Forks of the Delaware 6 (Eagle Scout Project, April 29, 1992).

6 Marie and Frank Summa & Leonard Buscemi Sr., Images of America: Historic Easton 50 (Arcadia Publishing 2000).

7 See Advertising Postcard by Prudential Paul Ford Realtors for Koehler Kheel Realty and Building Management, “Easton: then and now” (2007)(“Now near full capacity”, rental rates at $11.50 per square foot); Deed, First Union National Bank to Koehler-Kheel Realty, LLC, 1999-1-035584 (3 Mar. 1999)(seller is successor by merger to The First National Bank of Allentown); see Deed, The Northampton National Bank of Easton to The First National Bank of Allentown, 565 794 (10 June 1997).

8 Deed, Koehler-Kheel Realty, LLC to 400 Northampton LP, 2011-1-105095 (6 May 2011).

9 Tom Coombe, “National Building Has New Owner”, EASTON PATCH, easton.patch.com/articles/national-building-has-new-owner?ncid=M255 (10 May 2011); Deed, Koehler-Kheel Realty to 400 Northampton LP, 2011-1-105095 (May 2011).

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Lot.12 His rights also included a license to draw water from the well sunk in front of the tavern at the NE corner of the intersection (now the Hotel Lafayette).13 Jasper Scull was a blacksmith, and (more importantly) a son of Nicholas Scull Sr., who had succeeded William Parsons as the Surveyor General of Pennsylvania, and helped Parsons survey the site for Easton at its founding.14 Jasper Scull built a hotel on his Lot in 1752 or ’53.15 According to one historian, Scull built it for Paul Miller.16

Paul Miller was a stocking weaver by trade, who also built a house and a tavern for himself on the opposite (NE) corner of Northampton and Hamilton Streets.17 Miller’s NE corner property received a tavern license to become the Red Lion Inn, the principal hostelry in Easton at the time of the French and Indian War in the mid-to-late 1750s.18 The Red Lion Inn, and Miller’s house next door, were located on property formally “patented” for him by Easton founder William Parsons, because Miller was not a subject of the British crown and could not formally own property.19 This is presumably also the reason that Miller asked Jasper Scull to act for him on the SW corner.

In 1755, presumably because Miller’s Red Lion Inn was opened across the street and Miller no longer needed Scull’s SW corner property, Jasper Scull sold his property to William Parsons for £ 63.20 Once again it appears that Parsons was acting as an

17 A.D. Chidsey, Jr., A Frontier Village 234-35, 239-40, 253-54 (Vol. III of Publications of The Northampton County Historical & Genealogical Society 1940)(Building Nos.6, 37).

18 See separate www.WalkingEaston.com entry for the Hotel Lafayette at 11 North 4th Street, and sources cited therein.

19 On Original Town Lot Nos. 165 and 166, where the Hotel Lafayette, Military Hall, the Fraley Building and the Young Gun Shop Building are now located. See A.D. Chidsey, Jr., A Frontier Village 234-35, 239-40, 253 (Vol. III of Publications of The Northampton County Historical & Genealogical Society 1940)(Building Nos. 6, 37); separate www.WalkingEaston.com entries for the Hotel Lafayette at 11 North 4th Street, Military Hall at 253 Northampton Street, the Young Gun Shop Building at 349-51 Northampton Street, and the Fraley Building at 343-45 Northampton Street.

10 See A.D. Chidsey, Jr., The Penn Patents in the Forks of the Delaware Plan of Easton, Map 2 (Vol. II of Publications of the Northampton County Historical and Genealogical Society 1937)(showing Lot 216 at the SW corner of Fourth and Northampton Streets, with a 60’ front on Northampton Street, originally granted to Jasper Scull).

11 Northampton County Patent S93 issued to Jasper Scull, Patent Book A18 179 (4 Sept. 1753), indexed online for Northampton County p.155 Warrant No.93 at www.phmc.state.pa.us/bah/dam/rg/di/r17-88WarrantRegisters/NorthamptonPages/Northampton155.pdf, survey copied at Survey Book C185 152 (3 Sept. 1753).

12 Patent, Penn Family to Jasper Scull, Patent Book A18 179 (4 Sept. 1753); accord, A.D. Chidsey, Jr., The Penn Patents in the Forks of the Delaware Plan of Easton, Map 2 (Vol. II of Publications of the Northampton County Historical and Genealogical Society 1937).

13 See A.D. Chidsey, Jr., A Frontier Village 246 (Vol. III of Publications of The Northampton County Historical & Genealogical Society 1940)(Building No. 19).

14 See A.D. Chidsey, Jr., A Frontier Village 19-20, 184, 246, 254 (Vol. III of Publications of The Northampton County Historical & Genealogical Society 1940)(Building No. 38).

15 A.D. Chidsey, Jr., A Frontier Village 234-35, 246 (Vol. III of Publications of The Northampton County Historical & Genealogical Society 1940)(Building No. 19).

16 M.S. Henry, History of the Lehigh Valley 61 (Bixler & Corwin 1860).

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accommodation party, because a simultaneous Declaration of Trust makes it clear that Parsons held the property for “Shopkeeper” John Fricker.21 In 175422 and 1755, John “Friker” was listed as an innkeeper in Easton,23 presumably for this SW corner location and/or for another one he owned at the SW corner of Northampton Street and what is now called Bank Street.24 One source indicated that Jasper Scull’s house – the same SW corner lot – was the residence of Pennsylvania Governor Denny during the Indian Conference of 1758, and the residence of George Croghan’s party (representing British Indian Commissioner Sir William Johnson) during the Indian Conferences generally,25 while others were putting up at the Red Lion Inn.

In 1772, John Fricker’s will specifically referred to the property at the SW corner of Northampton and Hamilton Streets.26 It was purchased from Fricker’s estate in that year for £100 by Adam Yohe Sr.,27 who replaced Scull’s construction with a stone house and stable, and established his own inn on the location.28

Adam Yohe had been in Easton earlier, before September 1757, running the Red Lion Tavern/Inn (at the NE corner of Northampton and what is now 4th Street – forerunner of the Hotel Lafayette).29 Adam Yohe sold that tavern in 1760.30

In 1765, Adam Yohe formally purchased a property Lot in Easton, at the NE corner of Northampton and what later came to be called Sitgreaves Streets.31 However, in 1772 when he purchased the Scull tavern from Fricker’s estate, Adam Yohe was not listed on the Easton tax assessment records, although his cousin Michael Yohe lived in a house in Easton at that time.32 In 1772, Adam Yohe appears to have been a resident of Northampton Township33 (now called Allentown34).

For a time during the Revolutionary War, Col. Robert Lettis Hooper Jr. was apparently a resident of the inn that Yohe owned.35 Col. Hooper was one of three superintendents of Washington’s Continental Army magazines nationally during the Revolutionary War, and Deputy Commissary of Transportation for General Sullivan’s 1779 expedition that contributed to the demise of the Iroquois Confederacy in America.36 Tradition also has it that Col. Hooper spent some of his time in Easton at the Hooper House at 501 Northampton Street.37

At the close of the Revolution, in 1783, Yohe sold the property for £ 800 to his son, Adam Yohe Jr.,38 who continued the inn until 1794.39 It was then sold to Robert Traill for £ 850.40 During the Revolutionary War, Traill had been a prominent member, and clerk, of the Committee of Safety from Northampton County (which essentially governed the County during the Revolution). He was later Northampton County Sheriff (1781-84), a member of Pennsylvania’s Supreme Executive Council (1786-87), and an Associate Judge of Northampton County (1790-92).41 He died on 31 July 1816, at age 72.42

Robert Traill’s will ordered the property at Northampton and Hamilton Streets to be subdivided, and separate parcels valued and offered to his children in settlement of

20 Deed, Jasper (Mary) Scull to William Parsons, A1 126 (24 Apr. 1755)(sale price £ 63 for “Messuage or Tenement” on property measuring 60’ X 220’).

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their interests in his estate. He also had a private alley laid out to facilitate access to some of the interior parcels.43 The “Stone Dwelling House” at the corner was not accepted by any of Traill’s children at the valuation it was given, so it was sold by Traill’s estate in 1817 to Joseph Burke for $7,500.44

In 1820, Joseph Burke resold this parcel at the corner to Daniel Wagener for $11,500.45 Judge Daniel Wagener46 had built the Merchant Mill on the Bushkill in 179247

and served as an Associate Judge of the Northampton County Court for 39 years.48 The Wagener Family owned a number of mills along the Bushkill, located around the bend in the stream at the base of the bill where Easton Cemetery now stands. The Wagener family homestead also stood at that location, on the right bank of the creek,49 in the form of a large 2-story brick home.50

In 1824, Daniel Wagener conveyed his property at the corner of Northampton and Hamilton Streets – including a “stone dwelling house” – to Jacob Wagener,51 his son.52 The inn on this corner of Northampton and Hamilton Streets was named the Jackson Hotel in tribute to Andrew Jackson,53 presumably after Jackson became U.S. President in 1829,54 which would place the event during Jacob Wagener’s ownership period. Jacob Wagener as a young man became a member of the Board of Trustees of Lafayette College. He was a “public-spirited citizen” known for his “culture and learning”, particularly in literature and the sciences of mineralogy and botany. He made specimen collections in both sciences, which he contributed to the College.55

By the time of his death in 1859, Jacob Wagener had also acquired the other half of Lot No.216, as well as half of Lot No.215 next door.56 In 1859, Jacob Wagener bought out the right to ground rents and all residual property interests possessed by the Penn Family to Lot No.216.57 In his will, he left all three parcels in trust for his daughter Emma, wife of William A. Porter, naming Charles M. Mixsell as trustee.58

In the 1850’s and ‘60s (before the Drake Building was constructed), this building was the site of the Drake & Hulick wholesale grocery firm (under various names), then numbered 140 Northampton St.59

This firm was founded by John Drake (1803-73), who came to Easton in 1836. It capitalized on Easton’s position as a major grain market and canal transportation hub60 to supply groceries far and wide in Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and New York. John Drake also ran a canal boat line connecting Easton with Philadelphia and New York. He was also instrumental in the development of iron manufacturing in the Lehigh Valley.61 John Drake’s various business interests accordingly characterize the pivotal position that Easton itself supplied in the 19th Century American economy. After Drake’s death, his firm was headed by his son, and later his grandson.62

In the basement, Stephen Deshler had his carpet store, where Edward Abel first came to work in Easton in 1849; the store moved across 4th Street in 1850.63 In 1860, the corner was the location of the Rinek and Semple rope store.64

Rinek’s Rope factory (the Rinek Cordage Company) came to be located on the left bank of the Bushkill, roughly opposite the original Wagener mills and somewhat upriver from the Wagener homestead. The Rinek factory still

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exists today (in 2017), located at 991 Bushkill Drive.65 A map in an 1874 Atlas distinctly showed several mill races along the Bushkill – clearly servicing the Wagener mills – and a building simply called “Factory”. This “Factory” building was located approximately where the Rinek factory building is located today.66

Rinek’s “Rope Walk” building itself running along the road, where cordage was hand-twisted together to form lengths of commercial rope, is no longer in existence. A Sanborn map for 1885 showed the brick building, with an adjoining long building in front of it extending 1,387 feet westward along the road labeled the “J. Rinek Sons’ Rope Walk”.67 This Rope Walk was used to twist 1,200-foot lengths of rope, which became a standard length, and the Rinek Company became popularly known in Easton as “Ropey”. The need for the Rope Walk was eliminated by rope twisting machinery.68

By 1867, the trustee of Jacob Wagener’s estate property applied to Northampton County Orphan’s Court to sell all three parcels (that is, all of Lot No.216 and the half of Lot No.215 that Jacob Wagener had owned), because “The buildings . . . are old and need frequent repair and expenditures thereon to preserve and keep them tenantable”, and the commercial situation warranted building “new modern structures” which the trust was not willing to undertake. At that time, there was a stone building and a brick building on Lot No.216, while a “House” had been built on the eastern half of Lot No.215.69 Permission to sell was granted, and Adolph Groetzinger Sr. acquired these parcels in 1868 for a combined price of $45,000. A formal deed confirmed the Orphan’s Court proceeding, including the details that Lot No.216 contained a stone building and a brick building.70 The stone building was, presumably, the remains of Yohe’s old inn at the corner.

Groetzinger’s purchase included all the land at the SW corner of Northampton and Fourth Streets, extending all the way to Pine Alley.71 The frontage of these three parcels along Northampton Street included the sites of the modern Northampton National Bank Building (at the corner, 400-02 Northampton Street), the adjacent Odenwelder Building (404-06 Northampton Street), and the Groetzinger Building (408-10 Northampton Street).72

The Old Groetzinger Mill

Adolph Groetzinger Sr. (1815 – 1888)73 had immigrated to America from Hanover (Germany)74 in 1837.75 Although he was trained as a baker, in Easton he became the operator of a flour mill on the South (right) bank of Bushkill Creek opposite Goose Island.76 This was the second mill in Easton up the Bushkill from the Delaware River. It stood on a mill race at the bend of the creek lying North of Mount Jefferson and West of 4th Street, opposite the island in the creek.77

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From 1874 Atlas: “Grist Mill A.G.” in upper left of picture78

Magnified:

The mill site had initially seen the first saw mill inside the town of Easton in 1762, built by Col. Peter Kichline (also spelled Kachlein and other variations) on the South (right) bank of the Bushkill opposite “Goose Island”79 (also called “Ihrie’s Island”80 and described as a “Grass Island”81).

Most authorities hold that Kichline’s grist mill (located upstream) was the first mill within Easton, built in 1761 or ‘62.82

These were the only two mills in Easton at the time,83 although an even older mill had been built even farther upstream, just past the Easton town limits into Forks Township.84 Kichline’s descendants had sold his mill to speculators in 1854,85 who in turn had sold it to Adolph Groetzinger (“Adolphus Krotzinger”) in that same year.86 By 1877, Groetzinger’s mill, then known as the Mount Jefferson Flouring-mill, was grinding “nearly 30,000 bushels of grain annually.”87

Adolph Groetzinger retired in approximately 1879 and died in 1888, leaving the mill operation in the hands of his son Charles (1847-1917).88 Charles retired in approximately 1907 and died ten years later,89 having become “one of Easton’s wealthiest residents”.90 After Charles, the mill was abandoned.91 A picture of the mill dam and (indistinctly) of the “Old Groetzinger Mill” was published in 1900.

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“Bushkill River and Old Groetzinger Mill, from Foot of North Fourth Street, looking West”92

Groetzinger’s Corner

Groetzinger, like the Wagener Family before him, apparently continued to rent his property at the corner of Northampton and 4th Street to a number of businesses.

In the 1874 renumbering of Easton’s streets, Becker & Rader’s hardware store was assigned No.400 Northampton Street,93 evidently placing it at this location. It was apparently a new tenant there, because in the prior year (1873) it had been listed at the corner of Centre Square and South 3rd Street94 (evidently, in Porter’s Block).

A photograph of “Woodring the Hatter” at this location has also led to some confusion. There were two Woodrings at the corner location, separated by some two decades.

From 1874-78, Adolph Groetzinger apparently rented space for the hat store of young William Henry Woodring (b.1854). In 1878, financial troubles forced Woodring to relocate the store to 432 Northampton Street,95 and thereafter to concentrate on the study of law.96 He was elected to the Pennsylvania state legislature in 1892.97

o In the early 1880s, R[ichard]98A. Woodring apparently took over the Woodring hat business at No.432, and continued at that location into the 20th Century.99

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o In 1890, Richard associated his brother, Joseph George Woodring (1865-1950), with the business. Five years later (in 1895), Joseph purchased his own hat business on South Third Street from Thomas Daily in 1895, and became the “Porter’s Block Hattter”.100

Meanwhile, after William Woodring left, the corner store at Fourth Street (400 Northampton Street) became Odenwelder’s Drug Store in the 1880s and into the early 20th Century.101 Odenwelder had married Adolph Groetzinger’s daughter, Louisa.102

o By 1905, Odenwelder moved next door, still on his father-in-law’s estate. (See separate listing for 404-06 Northampton Street).

100 Obituary, “J.G. Woodring, 84, Ex-Easton Hatter, Father of Judge”, EASTON EXPRESS, Wednesday, 10 May 1950, p.22; Advertisement, EASTON EXPRESS, Thursday, 18 Oct. 1900, p.3, col.4 (“Porter’s Block Hatter” at 15 South Third Street – see separate entry for One South Third St. regarding “Porter’s Block”); accord, George W. West (compiler), West’s Directory of Greaer Easton 275 (George W. West 1898)(15 South Third Street); George W. West (compiler), West’s Directory of Greater Easton 369 (George W. West 1900)(same).

101 J.H. Lant & Son, Easton etc. Directory 1881-2 (1881)(alphabetical listing for A.J. Odenwelder, druggist, at 400 Northampton St.); Easton Directory 1883-4 (J.H. Lant 1883); West’s Directory for Easton, [Etc.] (George W. West 1889); George W. West (compiler), West’s Directory of Greater Easton 179 (George W. West 1898); George W. West (compiler), West’s Directory of Greater Easton 243 (George W. West 1900). See generally Leonard S. Buscemi Sr., The Easton Phillipsburg 2003 Calendar unnumbered p.7 (2002) (picture of soda fountain at “Odenwelder’s Pharmacy”).

102 See William J. Heller, II History of Northampton County 262 (The American Historical Society 1920), and Heller, III History of Northampton County, supra at Biographical Section 618. See also separate listing for the Odenwelder Building at 404 Northampton Street, for further details including a discrepancy in the sources over the dates of Odenwelder’s move to this location.

21 Declaration of Trust, William Parsons, Trustee and John Fricker, A1 128 (24 Apr. 1755)(£ 63 for “Messuage or Tenement” on land measuring 60’ X 220’, subject to a £ 50 mortgage indenture dated 13 December 1753 and the annual ground rents owed to the Penn Family). See also

22 Return of Constables for Easton (1754), in Northampton County Archives box “Photostatic Copies of Tavern Licenses Found in Criminal section (Criminal dockets) 1753 – 1784 (reviewed 21 Dec. 2011)(John Freckar).

23 Return of Constables of Liquor Sellers by Small [Measure] from Easton (17 June 1755)(single page document in 1755 court file at Northampton County Archives)(showing Adam Yohe, Peter Kitlin [presumably, Kichlein], John Friker, Nathaniel Vernon, and “Meyar Hart by quarts and gallon”); Return of Constables from Easton, Sellers of Spiritous Liquors in Easton (16 Sept. 1755)( single page document in 1755 court file at Northampton County Archives)(showing Adam Johe, Peter Kitlin, Nathaniel “Warning” [presumably, Vernon], and Henry Rinker, all “by License”, and Meyer Hart “by quarts & Gallon”). The return for June of 1755 shows the following liquor licenses in Easton:

Adam Yohe Peter Kitlin [presumably, Kichlein] John Friker Nathaniel Vernon “Meyar Hart by quarts and gallon”

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Joseph G. Woodring moved his “Woodring the Hatter” store back into the corner location where William Henry Woodring had been a quarter of a century earlier.103 The Woodring store in the frequently-seen 1905 picture of the corner was Joseph Woodring’s. The store didn’t remain at No.400 very long. By 1908, he had made way for the new Bank building at this corner, by moving his hat store to the Easton Sweet Shop Building (247-49 Northampton Street).104 Joseph “Woodring the Hatter” retired from his hat business in 1941, after 46 years, and died in 1950.105

24 See Survey Book C169 270 (27 May 1765, returned 5 June 1765). The survey was done for John Fricker, who the text indicates was then deceased. The notation indicated that Anthony Fricker had sold the property in his lifetime to John Rincker. See separate www.WalkingEaston.com entry for 322 Northampton Street. The later deed regarding the tavern property at the SW corner of Northampton and Hamilton (later 4th) Street confirms that Anthony Fricker was, indeed, an Executor of John Fricker’s will. Deed, Anthony Fricker and Joseph Kole, Executors of the Will of John Fricker, to Adam Yohe, B2 86 (4 Aug. 1772).

25 M.S. Henry, History of the Lehigh Valley 61 (Bixler & Corwin 1860)(Jasper Scull’s was the lodging of Governor Denny during the 1758 Treaty Conference); Ethan Allen Weaver, “The Forks of the Delaware” Illustrated xii (Eschenbach Press 1900)(Jasper Scull hotel); James A. Wright, Colonial Taverns of Northampton County, Pennsylvania 9-10 (1993); Images of America: Historic Easton at 40 (indicates owned by Nicholas Scull, Jasper’s father); Leonard S. Buscemi, Sr., The Easton-Phillipsburg 1999 Calendar unnumbered p.6 (Buscemi Enterprises 1998); Floyd S. Bixler, The History with Reminiscences of the Early Taverns and Inns of Easton, Paper read before the Northampton County Historical Society on 25 Oct. 1930, at 20-21 (Northampton County Historical and Genealogical Society 1931). The last two sources (apparently incorrectly) identify Hamilton as the Governor who occupied this hotel during the Indian Conference of 1758.

26 A.D. Chidsey, Jr., A Frontier Village 234-35, 246 (Vol. III of the Publications of The Northampton County Historical and Genealogical Society 1940) (Building No.19).

27 Deed, Anthony Fricker and Joseph Kole, Executors of the Will of John Fricker, to Adam Yohe, B2 86 (4 Aug. 1772); see A.D. Chidsey, Jr., A Frontier Village 234-35, 246 (Vol. III of the Publications of The Northampton County Historical and Genealogical Society 1940) (Building No.19).

28 A.D. Chidsey, Jr., A Frontier Village 234-35, 246 (Vol. III of the Publications of The Northampton County Historical and Genealogical Society 1940) (Building No.19); see Marie and Frank Summa & Leonard Buscemi Sr., Images of America: Historic Easton 40 (Arcadia Publishing 2000); Leonard S. Buscemi, Sr., The Easton-Phillipsburg 1999 Calendar unnumbered p.6 (Buscemi Enterprises 1998); Floyd S. Bixler, The History with Reminiscences of the Early Taverns and Inns of Easton, Paper read before the Northampton County Historical Society on 25 Oct. 1930, at 20-21 (Northampton County Historical and Genealogical Society 1931).

In a series of Easton tax assessments, Adam Yohe was identified as a tavern or inn keeper. See 1776 Tax Assessment, in A.D. Chidsey, Jr., A Frontier Village 237 (Vol. III of Publications of The Northampton County Historical & Genealogical Society 1940); 1780 Tax Assessment, in Rev. Uzal W. Condit, The History of Easton, Penn’a 144 (George W. West 1885 / 1889); 1786 Tax Assessment in Pennsylvania Archives, Third Series, vol. XIX, at 186 (assessed 18 shilling and 9 pence for a tavern house and 2 lots); 1788 Tax Assessment in Pennsylvania Archives, Third Series, vol. XIX, at 292 (assessed 16 shilling and 6 pence for a horse).

However, in 1780 he was unaccountably identified as a shoemaker, like his cousin Michael Yohe. 1780 Tax Assessment, in Rev. Uzal W. Condit, The History of Easton, Penn’a 144 (George W.

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Landowner Adolph Groetzinger died in 1888,106 leaving the land to his widow (Matilda) for life, and after her to his children and their families.107 After the Widow Groetzinger died on 13 January 1905,108 the corner lot was to be given to Adolph Groeztinger, Jr.109 He obtained permission from Orphan’s Court for the property to be sold by the estate at public auction, where it was bought by the Northampton National Bank.110 Meanwhile Adolph Jr. died a short time later on 5 July 1907.111

West 1885 / 1889).

See generally id, at 84 (1785 Easton assessment of 9 shilling and 7 pence from Adam “Yohr” for ownership of a horse, source does not list occupation).

Between 1792 and 1794, Adam Yohe took out seven warrants to have land surveyed for him in Northampton County, as follows:

400 acres, surveyed on 11 Oct. 1792. 40 acres, surveyed on 31 Oct. 1792. 120 acres, surveyed on 31 Oct. 1792. 400 acres, surveyed on 26 Feb. 1793. 400 acres, surveyed on 4 Mar. 1793. 400 acres, surveyed on 20 Aug. 1793. 400 acres, surveyed on 11 Feb. 1794.

29 See A.D. Chidsey, Jr., A Frontier Village 234-35, 239-40 (Vol. III of the Publications of The Northampton County Historical and Genealogical Society 1940)(Building No.6); see Deed, William Parsons and Paul Miller to Adam Johe, A1 103 (7 Sept. 1757). See also separate www.WalkingEaston.com entry for 11 North 4th Street.

30 Deed, Adam (Christina) Yohe to George Cungware, A1 199 (3 July 1760); see Petition of George Cungware (June 1760), in Northampton County Archives, box of “Photostatic Copies of Tavern Licenses Found in Criminal Section (Criminal Dockets) 1753 – 1784” (reviewed 21 Dec. 2011)(“Cungware “hath lately purchased the House where Adam Yohe kept an Inn in Easton”).

31 Patent, Penn Family to Adam Yohe, Patent Book A18 422 (30 Oct. 1765)(Lot No. 76), indexed online at www.phmc.state.pa.us/bah/dam/rg/di/r17PatentIndexes/A-AAPatentIndex356.pdf; see Northampton County Warrant No.Y6 issued to Adam Yohe, Patent Book A18 422 (23 Oct. 1765), indexed online for Northampton County Warrants p.204, Warrant No.6 at www.phmc.state.pa.us/bah/dam/rg/di/r17-88WarrantRegisters/NorthamptonPages/Northampton204.pdf (no survey copy noted), mentioned at Pennsylvania Archives, Third Series, vol. XXVI, at 209. See also A.D. Chidsey, Jr., The Penn Patents in the Forks of the Delaware Plan of Easton, Map 2 (Vol. II of Publications of the Northampton County Historical and Genealogical Society 1937) (mis-citing to Patent Book A18 42). See generally separate www.WalkingEaston.com entry for 433-35 Northampton Street.

32 XIX Pennsylvania Archives, Third Series 6; see also Posting by Darlene Yohe, “The Yohe Family Booklet by Ralph S. Yohe”, in Ancestry Netscape Boards at http://boards.ancestry.netscape.com/thread.aspx?mv=flat&m=63&p=surnames.yohe (posted 6 Oct. 2000, 12:30 PM GMT). See generally separate www.WalkingEaston.com entry for 30 North 4th Street.

33 XIX Pennsylvania Archives, Third Series 41 (Adam Yohe assessed £ 4 as a farmer, and another £ 24 “For the land lives on”, in “Northampton Town”, Pennsylvania. In the same assessment, Jacob Yohe was assessed £ 2 and 4 shillings as an innkeeper in the same town.

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34 See Wikipedia, “Allentown, Pennsylvania”, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allentown,_Pennsylvania#Founding (accessed 16 Dec. 2011).

35 Ethan Allen Weaver, “Forks of the Delaware” Illustrated xii (Eschenbach Press 1900), which states that Col. Hooper at one time resided in the building that Jasper Scull had built as a tavern in 1753.

36 See A.D. Chidsey, Jr., A Frontier Village: Pre-Revolutionary Easton 263 (Vol.III of Publications of The Northampton County Historical & Genealogical Society, 1940)(Building No.19); William J. Heller, Historic Easton from the Window of a Trolley-Car 25 (Express Printing Co. and Harmony Press 1911, reprinted 1984); see generally Ethan Allen Weaver, “The Forks of the Delaware” Illustrated xii (Eschenbach Press 1900)(Hooper’s occupation of Scull’s Hotel).

Col. Hooper was also a resident at the Hooper House at 501 Northampton Street, and in 1779-80 owned William Craig’s house/hotel located at the SE corner of Northampton Street and what became Sitgreaves Street. See Deed, Robert Lettis (Margaret) Hooper Jr. to Isaac Sidman, D1 18 (7 Jan. 1780).

37 See WalkingEaston entry for the Hooper House at 501 Northampton Street, and sources cited therein.

38 Deed, Adam (Christina) Yohe to Adam Yohe the Younger, B2 87 (21 Aug. 1783)(sale price £ 800 for “Stone Tenement and Lot” No.216 measuring 60’ X 220’); see A.D. Chidsey, Jr., A Frontier Village: Pre-Revolutionary Easton 263 (Vol.III of Publications of The Northampton County Historical & Genealogical Society, 1940)(Building No.19).

39 A.D. Chidsey, Jr., A Frontier Village: Pre-Revolutionary Easton 263 (Vol.III of Publications of The Northampton County Historical & Genealogical Society, 1940)(Building No.19).

40 Deed, Adam (Christina) Yohe to Robert Traill, B2 88 (3 Feb. 1794)(sale price £ 850 for “Stone Tenement and Lot” No.216, measuring 60’ X 220’); see A.D. Chidsey, Jr., A Frontier Village: Pre-Revolutionary Easton 246 (Vol.III of Publications of The Northampton County Historical & Genealogical Society, 1940)(Building No.19).

41 B.F. Fackenthal, Jr.,”The Homes of George Taylor, Signer of the Declaration of Independence”, Paper read before the George Taylor Chapter, Daughters of the American Revolution, at Easton, PA, 6 Dec. 1922 (copy at Northampton County Historical & Genealogical Society), obtained online from Penn State University Libraries, Digital Library Collections, 128.118.88.226/cdm4/page_text.php?CISOROOT=/digitalbks2&CISOPTR=21345&CISOBOX=0&OBJ=21391&ITEM=89 (copy begins at p.114), at 130-31 & n.16 (accessed 17 Dec. 2008); Chidsey, A Frontier Village, supra at 245-46.

42 Rev. Uzal W. Condit, The History of Easton, Penn’a 72 (George W. West 1885 / 1889). 43 See Deed, John Cooper and Thomas McKeen, Executors of the Will of Robert Traill, to

Joseph Burke, D4 22 (1 Apr. 1817); see also Deed, Daniel (Eve) Wagener to Jacob Wagener, H4

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328 (4 Mar. 1824)(recitals). 44 Deed, John Cooper and Thomas McKeen, Executors of the Will of Robert Traill, to

Joseph Burke, D4 22 (1 Apr. 1817). 45 Deed, Joseph (Susanna) Burke to Daniel Wagener, D4 433 (7 Mar. 1820)(sale price

$11,500 for “stone Dwelling House” and part of original town Lot No.216 at the SW corner of Northampton and Hamilton Streets, parcel measuring 160’ on Hamilton Street and 31’ 8” on Northampton Street, widening somewhat in the rear).

46 See Deed, Robert I. Jones, Trustee under the Will of Jacob Wagener, to Harold P. Newlin, G25 643 (4 Dec. 1894)(recitals).

47 F.A.Davis (ed.), Capt. F. Ellis (Historian), History of Northampton County 266 (Peter Fritts 1877, reprint by Higginson Book Company).

48 Rev. Uzal W. Condit, History of Easton, Penn’a 193 (George W. West 1885 / 1889); John Eyerman, Genealogical Studies: The Ancestry of Marguerite and John Eyerman 38-39 (Eschenbach Printing Company 1902)(came to Easton in 1776).

49 Rev. Uzal W. Condit, History of Easton, Penn’a 81-82 (George W. West 1885 / 1889).50 Harvey C. Morgenstern, This I Remember unnumbered p.37 (Easton: The Express [no

date]).

A photograph of “The Old Wagener Homestead and Dam, opposite the ‘Rope Walk’”, printed in 1889 and again in 1900, shows it located roughly opposite “Rinek’s Rope Walk in the Distance”. Rev. Uzal W. Condit, The History of Easton, Penn’a 83 (George W. West 1885 / 1889); Ethan Allen Weaver, “The Forks of the Delaware” Illustrated 295 (Easton PA: Eschenbach Press 1900). This picture was also included in Harvey C. Morgenstern, This I Remember unnumbered p.36 (Easton: The Express [no date]).

51 Deed, Daniel (Eve) Wagener to Jacob Wagener, H4 328 (4 Mar. 1824)(sale price $1 for parcel at SW corner of Northampton and Hamilton (later 4th) Streets measuring 31’ 8” (on Northampton) X 160’ (on Hamilton) and wider in the back). The deed recites that it is part of Lot No.216. Another property along the Lehigh River was also conveyed to Jacob Wagener in this deed.

52 See Deed, Robert I. Jones, Turstee under the Will of Jacob Wagener, to Harold P. Newlin, G25 643 (4 Dec. 1894)(recitals, regarding sale of Military Hall at what is now 353 Northampton Street).

53 Floyd S. Bixler, The History with Reminiscences of the Early Taverns and Inns of Easton, Paper read before the Northampton County Historical Society on 25 Oct. 1930, at 20-21 (Northampton County Historical and Genealogical Society 1931); accord, Summa & Buscemi, Images of America: Historic Easton, supra at 40; Buscemi, The Easton-Phillipsburg 1999 Calendar, supra at 6.

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54 See, e.g., United States Government, ”7. Andrew Jackson”, www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/andrewjackson/ (accessed 21 Oct. 2011).

55 Selden Jennings Coffin, The Men of Lafayette, 1826-1893: Lafayette College, Its History, Its Men, Their Record 13 note (Easton, PA: George W. West 1891). See generally 1850 Census, Series M432, Roll 802, p.141B, Image 289, ancestry.com Image 92 (Jacob Wagener, age 60, owning real estate worth $53,600).

56 In the Matter of the Application of Charles M. Mixsell, Trustee under the Will of Jacob Wagener, Deceased, for an Order to Sell Real Estate, 24 Orphan’s Court Docket 95 (Northampton County 26 Apr. 1867)(recitals). Jacob Wagener died on 14 December 1859.

57 Deed, Granville John Penn and Richard Penn to Jacob Wagener, A10 337 (3 Sept. 1859)(sale price $150 for residual rights to Lot No.216 and part of Lot No.165).

58 In the Matter of the Application of Charles M. Mixsell, Trustee under the Will of Jacob Wagener, Deceased, for an Order to Sell Real Estate, 24 Orphan’s Court Docket 95 (Northampton County 26 Apr. 1867)(recitals). Jacob Wagener’s will was dated 12 April 1856. The paragraph labeled “First” left the bequest to his daughter Emma in trust to Charles M. Mixsell, and indicated that the half of Lot No.215 had been purchased from Philip Mixsell Sr.

Also included in the trust was Jacob Wagener’s half interest in a house, wharf and lot on the West side of Hamilton (4th) Street at the Lehigh River – a property he had purchased jointly with his brother, Daniel D. Wagener – and a property on Bushkill Street that he had purchased from Jacob Weygandt.

59 C[harles] Kitchen, A General Directory of the Borough of Easton PA (Cole & Eichman’s Office, 1855)(alphabetical listing at No.140); William H. Boyd, Boyd’s Directory of Reading, Easton, etc. 120 (William H. Boyd 1860)(alphabetical listing ); Talbot’s Lehigh Valley Gazetteer and Business Directory 1864-65 (Press of Wynkoop & Hallenbeck 1864)(business directory listing at Northampton “cor. 4th”); accord, John W. Jordan, Edgar Moore Green & George T. Ettinger, I Historic Homes and Institutions and Genealogical and Personal Memoirs of the Lehigh Valley Pennsylvania 204 (The Lewis Publishing Co. 1905, reprint by Higginson Book Co.)(biography of Derrick Hulick).

60 Richard F. Hope, Easton PA: A History 54, 79 (AuthorHouse 2006)(and authorities cited therein).

61 William J. Heller (supervising editor), III History of Northampton County and The Grand Valley of the Lehigh 446 (The American Historical Society 1920); John W. Jordan, Edgar Moore Green & George T. Ettinger, Historic Homes and Institutions 42-44 (The Lewis Publishing Co. 1905, reprint by Higginson Book Co.).

62 Compare William J. Heller (supervising editor), III History of Northampton County and The Grand Valley of the Lehigh 446 (The American Historical Society 1920)(son Samuel Drake [1830-93] joined the firm by 1857, and took over the principal role after his father’s death) with John W. Jordan, Edgar Moore Green & George T. Ettinger, Historic Homes and Institutions and Genealogical and Personal Memoirs of the Lehigh Valley Pennsylvania 42-44 (The Lewis

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Publishing Co. 1905, reprint by Higginson Book Co.)(grandson Major Fred Drake [1865-1932] eventually inherited control of the Drake & Company firm).

63 Obituary, “He Built the Opera House”, EASTON EXPRESS Sat., 18 Oct. 1913, p.5, col.4. 64 M.S. Henry, History of the Lehigh Valley 61 (Bixler & Corwin 1860). 65 The brick building with a metal plaque on its gable reading “Rinek Cordage Company”

which is located at the recent modern location of the Area 1320 car repair and service company, whose address was 991 Bushkill Drive. This property was sold to its current owner by the Rinek Rope Company in 2005, and confirmed by another deed in 2011. Deed, Rinek Rope Company, a/k/a Rinek Rope Company, Inc., to Turog Properties Limited, 2011-1-653 (3 Jan. 2011)(in lieu of execution on mortgage deed); Deed, Rinek Rope Company, a/k/a Rinek Rope Company, Inc., to Turog Properties Limited, 2005-1-514275 (21 Oct. 2005); see Deed, E. Jerome Brose and Rinek Rope Company, Inc. to Rinek Rope Company, a/k/a Rinek Rope Company Inc., 624 786 (2 Mar. 1981)(sale price $85,000).

66 See D. G. Beers, Atlas of Northampton County Pennsylvania 39 (A. Pomeroy & Co. 1874, reprinted by Northampton County Historical and Genealogical Society 1990).

67 Easton and South Easton Sheet No.11 (Sanborn Map & Publishing Co. Limited May 1885).

68 Harvey C. Morgenstern, This I Remember unnumbered p.37 (Easton: The Express [no date]).

69 In the Matter of the Application of Charles M. Mixsell, Trustee under the Will of Jacob Wagener, Deceased, for an Order to Sell Real Estate, 24 Orphan’s Court Docket 95 (Northampton County 26 Apr. 1867).

70 In the Matter of the Application of Charles M. Mixsell, Trustee under the Will of Jacob Wagener, Deceased, for an Order to Sell Real Estate, 24 Orphan’s Court Docket 160 (Northampton County 22 Nov. 1867); Deed, Charles W. Mixsell, Trustee under Will of Jacob Wagener to Adolph Groetzinger, Sr., A12 687 (23 March 1868).

71 See Deed, Adolph Groetzinger Sr. Estate to Louisa Odenwelder, G36 318 (21 March 1907).

72 Deed, Charles W. Mixsell, Trustee under Will of Jacob Wagener to Adolph Groetzinger, Sr., A12 687 (23 March 1868)(Easton City Lot 216, with a 60’ front on Northampton Street, plus an additional lot to the West with another 30’ front on Northampton Street). Compare this description with the Northampton County Tax Records map, www.ncpub.org., and with A.D. Chidsey, Jr., The Penn Patents in the Forks of the Delaware Plan of Easton, Map 2 (Vol. II of Publications of the Northampton County Historical and Genealogical Society 1937)(showing Lot 216 at the SW corner of Fourth and Northampton Streets, with a 60’ front on Northampton Street).

73 Jane S. Moyer (compiler), V Marriages and Deaths Northampton County 1885-1902 Newspaper Extracts 113 (Easton Area Public Library 1976).

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74 William J. Heller, II History of Northampton County and The Grand Valley of the Lehigh 262 (The American Historical Society 1920). One authority identifies his German town as having been Goetling. Joan Steiner, The Bushkill Creek 19 (Bushkill Stream Conservancy typewritten MS 1996)(copy available in the Marx Room, Easton Area Public Library).

75 Jane S. Moyer (compiler), V Marriages and Deaths Northampton County 1885-1902 Newspaper Extracts 113 (Easton Area Public Library 1976).

76 William J. Heller, III History of Northampton County and The Grand Valley of the Lehigh 618 (The American Historical Society 1920); accord, F.A.Davis (ed.), Capt. F. Ellis (Historian), History of Northampton County 163 (Peter Fritts 1877).

77 D. G. Beers, Atlas of Northampton County Pennsylvania 35 (A. Pomeroy & Co. 1874, reprinted by Northampton County Historical and Genealogical Society 1990).

78 From D. G. Beers, Atlas of Northampton County Pennsylvania 35 (A. Pomeroy & Co. 1874, reprinted by Northampton County Historical and Genealogical Society 1990).

79 F.A.Davis (ed.), Capt. F. Ellis (Historian), History of Northampton County 163 (Peter Fritts 1877); accord, Joan Steiner, The Bushkill Creek 18 (Bushkill Stream Conservancy typewritten MS 1996)(copy available in the Marx Room, Easton Area Public Library).

80 Joan Steiner, The Bushkill Creek 18 (Bushkill Stream Conservancy typewritten MS 1996)(copy available in the Marx Room, Easton Area Public Library). In 1821 and 1844, Easton’s Independence Day celebrations were held on that island. Id. at 19.

81 Easton and South Easton Sheet No.4 (Sanborn-Perris Map Co. Limited January 1892); Easton and South Easton Sheet No.4 (Sanborn-Perris Map Co. Limited January 1897).

82 F.A.Davis (ed.), Capt. F. Ellis (Historian), History of Northampton County 163 (Peter Fritts 1877) (built in 1762); Article, “Destructive fire – J.E. Stair & Co.’s Sash and Blind Factory in Ruins”, EASTON DAILY FREE PRESS, Fri., 18 Aug. 1871, p.3, cols.3-4 (Kichline mill built 1761); Rev. Uzal W. Condit in The History of Easton, Penn’a 80-81 (George W. West 1885 / 1889). Compare James Wright, History of Forks Township Northampton County, Pennsylvania 74 (1991)(Seiple’s mill) with Condit, The History of Easton, supra at 83-84 (Sciple’s Mill or Gearhart’s mill); accord, Liam Riordan, Many Identities, One Nation 71 (University of Pennsylvania Press 2007)(Kichlein owned Easton’s first gristmill). See also M.S. Henry, History of the Lehigh Valley 92 (Bixler & Corwin 1860)(Peter Kichline erected a grist a saw mill “opposite Mount Jefferson”).

One authority indicates that Kichline’s saw mill was built first, before the grist mill. Joan Steiner, The Bushkill Creek 19 (Bushkill Stream Conservancy typewritten MS 1996)(copy available in the Marx Room, Easton Area Public Library). Ms. Steiner does not give a citation for this statement. It is possible that Ms. Steiner has misinterpreted Rev. Condit’s statement Kichlein’s mill built in 1762, was the second on the Bushkill; however, the first Bushkill mill was Seiple’s mill – also called the Rock Mill – was located in Forks Township, just outside the borders of Easton itself. See Rev. Uzal W. Condit in The History of Easton, Penn’a 80-81 (George W. West 1885 / 1889).

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83 See, e.g., Joan Steiner, The Bushkill Creek 18 (Bushkill Stream Conservancy typewritten MS 1996)(copy available in the Marx Room, Easton Area Public Library).

84 This was Seiple’s mill, also called Gerhart’s mill or the Rock Mill, first built by 1757, located on the Bushkill at Mittman Road. F.A.Davis (ed.), Capt. F. Ellis (Historian), History of Northampton County 248 (Peter Fritts 1877) (“Rock Mill” in possession of George Messinger about the year 1756”, rebuilt in 1807 by Jacob Seiple, later operated by J.A. Gerhart); see Rev. Uzal W. Condit in The History of Easton, Penn’a 80-81, 83, 84 (George W. West 1885 / 1889) (Sciple’s mill, owned in Condit’s time by Gearhart, on p.84 spelled Gerhart); James Wright, History of Forks Township Northampton County, Pennsylvania 74 (1991)(Seiple’s mill, in 1877 operated by J.A. Gerhart).

Other mills along the lower Bushkill that were built by 1762 included:

o The first mill on the site of Bushkill Mill No.2, located “at the old falls at Bushkill Park” in Forks Township. This was built by John Jones around 1759 and sold to Jacob Arndt in 1760. See James Wright, History of Forks Township Northampton County, Pennsylvania 74 (1991); Rev. Uzal W. Condit in The History of Easton, Penn’a 80-81, 83, 84 (George W. West 1885 / 1889); Joan Steiner, The Bushkill Creek 28 (Bushkill Stream Conservancy typewritten MS 1996).

o The first mill on the side of Bushkill Mill No.1, located at Penn Pump Park in Palmer Township, where Walter Avenue crosses the Bushkill. This was built ni 1760by Michael Messinger. See James A. Wright, History of Palmer 59 (Palmer Township Historical Society 1984); Joan Steiner, The Bushkill Creek 31, 33 (Bushkill Stream Conservancy typewritten MS 1996).

85 Deed, Benjamin (Mary H.) Ihrie to Henry B. Duffin and John Guiley, A9 168 (15 May 1854)(sale price $5,250 for “Grist Mill and tract of land usually called ‘The Fulling Mill Tract’”).

Benjamin Ihrie had inherited it from his father, Peter Ihrie, who was a son-in-law of Jacob Kichlein, the Colonel’s son. See Kichlein Family Genealogy website, www.kichline.com/genealogy/kichpete.htm (accessed 30 Sept. 2011)(Col. Kichline’s daughter Elizabeth [by the Colonel’s third wife] married Peter Ihrie Sr.); Deed, Peter Shnyder, John Young and Christopher Hertzell, Executors of the Will of Peter Kachlein, to Jacob Kachlein and Peter Ihrie, H1 581 (2 Mar. 1792); Deed of Partition, Jacob (Mary) Kachlein and Peter Ihrie, A2 442 (9 Dec. 1793); Rev. Uzal W. Condit, The History of Easton, Penn’a 80 (George W. West 1885 / 1889)(Benjamin Ihrie obtained it under the will of his father, Peter Ihrie).

86 Deed, Henry B. (Mary) Duffin and John (Isabel) Guiley to Adolphus Krotzinger, H8 497 (24 Aug. 1854)(sale price $5,500 for “Grist Mill” and “The Fulling Mill Tract”); but see Rev. Condit, History of Easton Penn’a, supra at 80 (erroneously states that Benjamin Ihrie sold directly to Adolph Groetzinger).

87 F.A.Davis (ed.), Capt. F. Ellis (Historian), History of Northampton County 163 (Peter Fritts 1877); see also William J. Heller, III History of Northampton County and The Grand Valley

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of the Lehigh 618 (The American Historical Society 1920)(Mount Jefferson Flouring Mill). 88 William J. Heller, III History of Northampton County and The Grand Valley of the

Lehigh 618 (The American Historical Society 1920); see Easton and South Easton Sheet No.4 (Sanborn-Perris Map Co. Limited January 1892)(C. Groetzinger Grist Mill); Easton and South Easton Sheet No.4 (Sanborn-Perris Map Co. Limited January 1897)(Chas. Groetzinger Grist Mill).

89 William J. Heller, III History of Northampton County and The Grand Valley of the Lehigh 618 (The American Historical Society 1920)(retired “ten years prior to his death” on 1 January 1917).

90 Obituary, “Charles Groetzinger Dead”, EASTON EXPRESS, Mon., 1 Jan. 1917, p.1, col.1. 91 Joan Steiner, The Bushkill Creek 19 (Bushkill Stream Conservancy typewritten MS

1996)(copy available in the Marx Room, Easton Area Public Library). 92 Ethan Allen Weaver, “The Forks of the Delaware” Illustrated 287 (Easton PA:

Eschenbach Press 1900). 93 Article, “The New Numbers”, EASTON DAILY FREE PRESS, Friday, 21 Nov. 1873, p.3.

See also Charles M. Barnard (compiler), West’s Directory for City of Easton Pennsylvania 21 (The Union Publishing Co. 1914)(“Blocks, Buildings, Halls”, Rader Building on Northampton Street next to National Bank).

94 Jeremiah H. Lant, The Northampton County Directory for 1873 53 (1873). 95 Frank B. Copp, Biographical Sketches of Some of Easton’s Prominent Citizens 311-12

(Hillburn & West 1879); accord, J.H. Lant & Son, Easton [Etc.] Directory 1881-2 (1881)(alphabetical listing).

Adolph Groetzinger had business dealings with a William N. (?) Woodring in 1855, granting him a 2/6 interest in a piece of property. This may have been a relation of young William Woodring, perhaps his father. See Deed, Adolph Groetzinger (also spelled Kroetzinger) to William N.(?) Woodring, D9 167 (24 March 1855).

96 Easton Daily Express, Illustrated Industrial Edition 13, col.5 (Jan. 1893, reprinted by W-Graphics); see 1880 Census, Series T9, Roll 1161, pp.415B, 416C (law student, age 25); see also J.H. Lant, Easton, [Etc.] Directory for 1884-5 150 (J.H. Lant 1884)(alphabetical listing for W.H. Woodring, law student, house at 627 Ferry Street). He apparently attempted initially to run his hat business from the 627 Ferry Street address, but was not able to continue it there. See J.H. Lant, Easton [Etc.] Directory for 1883-4 158 (J.H. Lant 1883)(W.H. Woodring, hats & caps at 627 Ferry St.).

97 Easton Daily Express, Illustrated Industrial Edition 13, col.5 (Jan. 1893, reprinted by W-Graphics).

98 See Obituary, “J.G. Woodring, 84, Ex-Easton Hatter, Father of Judge”, EASTON EXPRESS, 10 May 1950, p.22.

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99 See J.H. Lant & Son, Easton etc. Directory 1881-2 (1881)(alphabetical listing); J.H. Lant, Easton, Etc. Directory for 1883-4 158 (J.H. Lant 1883); J.H. Lant, Easton, Etc. Directory for 1884-5 150 (J.H. Lant 1884)(alphabetical listing for R.E. Woodring, hats & caps at 432 Northampton St., residence at 675 Ferry St. – the middle initial “E” is presumably a misprint); George W. West (compiler), West’s Directory of Greater Easton 369 (George W. West 1900); George W. West (compiler), West’s Directory of Greaer Easton 275 (George W. West 1898).

103 George W. West (compiler), Directory of Easton City 212, 320 (George W. West 1906)(Ashwer Odenwelder at 404-06 Northampton Street and Joseph G. Woodring at 4th and Northampton Streets); see Ronald W. Wynkoop, Sr., It Seems Like Yesterday 352 (self published 1989)(picture c.1905, identifies “Woodring the Hatter” as the Bank’s site c.1909); Marie and Frank Summa & Leonard S. Buscemi Sr., Images of America: Historic Easton 40, 50 (Arcadia Publishing 2000)(pictures from 1905 and 1906).

104 See Charles M. Bernard (compiler), West’s Directory for City of Easton 407 (The Easton Directory Company 1908)(“New Location”) and Charles M. Bernard (compiler), West’s Directory for City of Easton 509 (The Easton Directory Company 1912). See also Ronald W. Wynkoop, Sr., It Seems Like Yesterday 172 (self published 1989)(1916 picture shows “Woodrings” sign on the Sweet Shop Building).

105 Obituary, “J.G. Woodring, 84, Ex-Easton Hatter, Father of Judge”, EASTON EXPRESS, Wednesday, 10 May 1950, p.22.

106 William J. Heller, III History of Northampton County and The Grand Valley of the Lehigh 618 (The American Historical Society 1920).

107 See Deed, Adolph Groetzinger Sr. Estate to Louisa Odenwelder, G36 318 (21 March 1907)(recitals – regarding purchase of property at NW corner of Pine and Northampton Streets); Deed, Adolph Groetzinger Sr. Estate to Northampton National Bank, H36 320 (20 March 1907)(recitals).

There were five children: one (Augusta) with a first wife, and four (Charles, Louise (Mrs. Asher Odenwelder), William and Randolph) with his second wife. William Jacob Heller, III History of Northampton County (Pennsylvania) and the Grand Valley of the Lehigh 618 (American Historical Society 1920).

108 See Deed, William J. Daub et al. to Lester Kilbanks, 518 307 (30 June 1975). This Deed describes what became the “Mohican Market” property at 23-27 South Fourth Street, including recitals that describe the deed from Jacob Wagener’s Estate to Adolph Groetzinger, Groetzinger’s will, the life tenancy of Groetzinger’s wife, Matilda, the inheritance of a life tenancy by daughter Louisa Groetzinger Odenwelder, and the remainder interest in that property to her children, including Asher J. Odenwelder, Jr. and Matilda O. (Odenwelder) Daub (wife of William J. Daub). See also Deed, Adolph Groetzinger Sr. Estate to Louisa Odenwelder, G36 318 (21 March 1907)(recitals – regarding purchase of property at NW corner of Pine and Northampton Streets); Deed, Adolph Groetzinger Sr. Estate to Northampton National Bank, H36 320 (20 March 1907)(recitals regarding corner property at 400 Northampton Street and South Fourth Street).

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109 Will of Adolph Groetzinger, Northampton County Will Book 11 p.101, File No. 11723, ¶ Seventh (life interest with remainder to his children).

110 Deed, Adolph Groetzinger Sr. Estate to Northampton National Bank, H36 320 (20 March 1907).

111 Find A Grave Memorial # 134630270, “Adolph Groetzinger, Jr”, https://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=134630270&ref=acom (Easton Cemetery, entry posted 20 Aug. 2014)(born 2 Mar. 1855, died 5 July 1907, buried in Section D, Plot 104-09, Grave #1).

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