NORMAN Association N° W604002510

The NORMAN approach for setting priorities among emerging contaminants in Europe

Working Group 1

Valeria Dulio (INERIS), Peter C. von der Ohe (UFZ), Jaroslav Slobodnik (EI) and NORMAN Prioritisation WG

NORMAN list of emerging substances (update 2011)

• More than 700 substances – Selected by the NORMAN experts, based on citations in the scientific

literature and expert judgment

•Algal toxins•Anticorrosives•Antifoaming agents•Antifouling compounds•Antioxidants•Biocides•Complexing agents•Detergents•Disinfection by-products•Flame retardants

•Fragrances•Gasoline additives•Industrial solvents•Engineered Nanoparticles•Perfluoroalkylated substances•Personal care products•Pesticides•Pharmaceuticals•Wood preservatives

Need to set priorities !

Prioritisation of emerging substances

• Emerging substances often overlooked with conventional prioritisation methodologies

• NORMAN prioritisation scheme– Designed specifically for emerging substances :

– Knowledge gaps

– Actions needed

NORMAN Association N° W604002510

CATEGORISATION: what are the actions needed?

Six action categories

NORMAN Association N° W604002510

Classification into Action categories

Availability of experimental data for EQS derivation?

Univers of substances(NORMAN list)

Cat. 3: Action

(eco)tox

MEC95 > PNEC ? LOQs expert labs < PNEC ?

noyes

Cat. 1: Candidates ecological status

Cat. 6: non priority for

regular monitoring

Cat. 4: Action

Analytical

noAvailability of experimental data for EQS derivation ?

no

yes

Cat. 2: Screening study

yes

yesno

>4 countries AND /OR > 100 sites with analysis >20 sites analysis > LOQ

in the relevant matrix(ces) + Recent data (>last 6 years)

Suff. investigated and quantified in the relevant matrix

Suff. investigated but low frequency of quantification

Insuff. (or never) investigated OR measured in the „wrong“ matrix

LOQ < PNEC (existing data in the database)?

All data <LOQ

no yes

Cat. 5

Novel end points

MEC 95 and Lowest PNEC

Risk ratio

• MEC 95 / Lowest PNEC (to identify potential risk)

MEC 95

• Take the maximum concentration at each site (MECmax_site)

• Calculate 95th percentile of all MECmax_site values (MEC95)

Lowest PNEC

• Predict missing acute toxicity data with read-across models (see kNN read-across methodology Schüürmann et al. 2011, EST, DOI:10.1021/es200361rf)

• Use Lowest value of PNEC acute (lowest LC50 / 1000) and PNEC chronic (Lowest NOEC / 100), instead of preferring chronic over acute data per se

Lowest PNEC

Lowest value of available PNEC acute and PNEC chronic for hazard assessment, instead of preferring chronic over acute data per se

STD = standard test data

Ecotoxicological database

Sufficient chronic data ? Sufficient acute data ?

STD

PNEC acute PNEC chronic

Yes Yes

P-PNEC

No

Lowest PNEC

PRIORITISATION WITHIN EACH CATEGORY

Prioritisation indicators

• Exposure indicators: • N° of countries/sites with analyses, frequency of quantif.

• Use pattern (applied in the environment, diffuse sources, point sources)

• PBT, vPvB properties

• Hazard indicators (effects on ecosystems and human health) : • Novel end points (behavioural effects)

• CMR properties (4 classes according to EU classification)

• Endocrine disruption potential

• Risk indicators: – Frequency of exceedence of the PNEC (spatial exposure)

– Extent of exceedance of the PNEC (intensity of impact)

Collected data

Kow (partit. coeff. octanol/ water) 692 / 707 subst. (INERIS)

Koc (adsorption coeff.) 691/ 707 subst. (INERIS)

S (hydrosolubility) 693 / 707 subst. (INERIS)

Fugacity models 559 / 707 subst. (UFZ)

PNEC (P-PNEC)water/ sed / biota

(experim. data + calculated values *)

707 / 707 subst. (UFZ, INERIS)

Monitoring data (EMPODAT database)

1 037 000 data for 359 substances (NORMAN members)

LOQ (analytical performance) Available in the NORMAN DB + litterature search and expert labs for > 400 substances (INERIS, NORMAN members)

Classification PBT, vPvB, CMR, ED

693 /707

~ 700 tests

~ 1100 tests

~550 tests

*kNN read-across methodology, Schüürmann et al. 2011, EST DOI:10.1021/es200361r)

NORMAN scheme applied for assessment of 500 substances within FP6 Modelkey project

• Monitoring data provided by: Joint Danube Survey (JDS2) and four regional water authorities (Elbe, Scheldt and Llobregat river basins)

von der Ohe et al. 2011, STOTEN, doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.01.054

NORMAN scheme applied in France Water monitoring campaign 2012 (INERIS, ONEMA)

• Improve info about less investigated substances

• Prepare future revision of RB specific pollutants list (WFD)

TOP PRIORITY subst. : 221 water and 370 in sediment

Improvement of analytical performance (CAT.4)

Screening study (CAT.2)

2316 candidates subst. (700 already part of national monitoring)

20 top priority subst. (FR) with LOQ > PNECSubstance name LOQwater

µg/LScore Use category

Flufenoxuron 0,0001 32,5 pesticides17 alpha-Ethinyloestradiol 0,0001 32 pharmaceuticals3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine 1 31 Industrial chemicalsTriphenyltin ion 0,001 31 Antifouling compoundsBeta-sitosterol 0,0001 30 pharmaceuticalsBromofos-methyl 0,008 30 pesticidesclosantel 0,015 30 pharmaceuticalsHexabromocyclododecane (HBCDD) 0,01 30 Flame retardantsFenitrothion 0,005 28,5 pesticidesCyfluthrin 0,00088 28,5 pesticidesThiram 0,0001 28,5 pesticidesBioresmethrine 0,001 27,5 biocidesFlumioxazine 0,001 27,5 pesticidesDi-n-octylphthalate (DOP) 0,05 27 PlasticisersTetrabutyltin ion 0,01 27 Antifouling compoundsChloroprene 2 26 Industrial chemicalsBenzidine 0,001 25 Industrial chemicalsOxadiargyl 0,001 25 pesticidesMetrifonate (Trichlorfon) 0,001 23,5 pesticidesMevinphos 0,001 23,5 pesticidesDiazinon 0,005 22 pesticidesDichlorvos 0,005 20 pesticides

• NORMAN prioritisation approach applied successfully at the national and international river basin level;

• Coming soon: results of the prioritisation exercise applied to NORMAN List of emerging substances;

• Further data sharing at EU level to identify reliably new EU priority substances: all data on emerging substances generated in Europe should end up in one database;

• Interested to share your data to improve prioritisation of emerging substances ? Contact Valeria Dulio at www.norman-network.net

NORMAN WG on Prioritisation of Emerging Substances: • Valeria Dulio, Sandrine Andres, INERIS

• Peter von der Ohe, Werner Brack, UFZ - Leipzig

• Jaroslav Slobodnik, Environmental Institute

• Heinz Ruedel, Fraunhofer Institute

• Willie Peijnenburg, RIVM

• Juliane Hollender, EAWAG

• Patrick Roose, OSPAR

• Martin Keller, BfG

• Eva Brostrom-Lunden, IVL

• Anja Derksen, AD Eco advice

• Hélène Budzinski, Patrick Mazellier, University of Bordeaux

• Laurence Amalric, BRGM

• David Schwesig, IWW

• Vera Ocenaskova, TGM

• James Franklin, PlasticsEurope

• Armelle Hebert, VEOLIA Environment