Normal values
1
Normal Values Number Type Item Defenition Normal Range 1 Acid-Base pH Normal serum pH slightly alkaline 7.35 - 7.45 2 Acid-Base PCO 2 Respiratory component of Acid/Base balance 35 - 45 mm Hg 3 Acid-Base HCO 3 Metabolic component of Acid/Base balance 20 - 26 mEq/L 4 Blood Cells RBC Increased in chronic hypoxia; decreased in anemia or blood loss Male: 4.6 - 6.2 million/mm 3 Female: 4.2 - 5.4 million/mm 3 5 Blood Cells Hematocrit Cellular portion of blood. Increased in dehydration or chronic hypoxia; decreased in anemia or blood loss Male: 40 - 54% Female: 38 - 47% 6 Blood Cells Hemoglobin Reflects oxygen carrying capacity of blood. Increased in chronic hypoxia; decreased in blood loss or anemia. Male: 13.5 - 18.0 g/100mL Female: 12 - 16 g/100mL 7 Blood Cells Reticulocytes Number of circulating immature RBCs. Increased in hypoxia or anemia; decreased in RBC maturation defect. 0 - 1.5% 8 Blood Cells WBC Increased in infection 5,000 - 10,000/mm 3 9 Blood Cells Neutrophils Increased in infection 54 - 75% 10 Blood Cells Eosinophils Increased in allergic response, some leukemias 1 - 4% 11 Blood Cells Basophils Increased in hyper thyroidism, some bone marrow disorders, ulcerative cloitis 0.5 - 1.0% 12 Blood Cells Lymphocytes Increased in viral infection, chronic bacterial infection, some leukemias 25 - 40% 13 Blood Cells Monocytes Increased in chronic inflammatory disorders, some leukemias 2 - 8% 14 Blood Cells Platelets Increased from trauma; decreased with blood disorders; low platelet count causes risk for bleeding. 150,000 - 450,000/mm 3 15 Blood Glucose Blood Glucose Direct measurement of blood glucose level. Most commonly used in the evaluation of the diabetic patient Fasting: 70 - 110 mg/dL Casual: 200mg/dL 16 Blood Glucose Glucose Tolerance Test used to assist diagnosis of diabetes mellitus Fasting: <110 mg/dL 17 Coagulation Prothrombin Time (PT) Affected by activity of clotting factors V, VII, X, prothrombin, and fibrinogen. Abnormalities in these values when the patient is not receiving anticoagulant therapy can indicate liver malfunction and bleeding tendency. Men: 9.6 - 11.8 seconds Women: 9.5 - 11.3 seconds Therapeutic range: 1.5 - 2.0 times normal for patient on warfarin therapy. 18 Coagulation International Normalized Ratio (INR) <1.3 Therapeutic range 2.0 - 3.0 for patient on warfarin therapy. 19 Coagulation Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT) Affected by activity of clotting factors, prothrombin, and fibrinogen. 30 - 45 seconds. Therapeutic range 1.5 - 2.0 times normal for patient on heparin therapy. 20 Electrolyte Sodium (Na + ) Major cation in blood. Sodium imbalances often associated with fluid imbalances. 135 - 145 mEq/L 21 Electrolyte Potassium (K + ) Most common electrolyte in ICF. Small amounts found in bloodstream. Minimal changes in amounts cause major changes in the body. 3.5 - 5 mEq/L 22 Electrolyte Calcium (Ca + ) Mineral primarily stored in bones and teeth. Small amounts in ECF. Minimal changes in serum calcium levels can have major negative effects in the body. 9 - 11 mg/dL 4.5 - 5.5 mEq/L 23 Electrolyte Magnesium (Mg + ) Magnesium and calcium work together for proper function of excitable cells such as cardiac and nerve cells. An imbalance of magnesium is usually accompanied by an imbalance of calcium. 1.5 - 2.5 mEq/L 24 Fluid Balance Hypovolemia Deficient fluid in intravascular space. 25 Fluid Balance Hypervolemia Excess fluid in intravascular space. 26 Fluid Balance Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) Amount of urea nitrogen in the blood. Urea formed in liver as a product of protein metabolism and digestion.This value related to metaboic function of liverand the excretory function of the kidneys. Increased BUN=reduced renal function, excess protein, GI bleed, catabolism fluid volume defecit. Decreased BUN = low protein, liver disease, overhydration. 6 - 20 mg/dL 27 Lipoproteins High Density Lipoproteins (HDL) Good cholesterol Male: >45 mg/dL Female: >55 mg/dL 28 Lipoproteins Low Density Lipoproteins (LDL) Bad cholesterol Male: <130 mg/dL Female: <110 mg/dL 29 Lipoproteins Very Low Density Lipoproteins (VLDL) 7 - 32 mg /dL 30 Lipoproteins Total Cholesterol <200 mg/dL 31 Lipoproteins Triglycerides Identify risk of developing coronary heart disease Male: 40 - 160 mg/dL Female: 35 - 135 mg/dL 32 RenalFunction Creatinine Elevated levels indicate kidneys inability to excrete creatine. Male: 0.6 - 1.2 mg/dL Female: 0.5 - 1.1 mg/dL 33 Urine Amylase Assists in diagnosis of pancreatitis 6.5 - 48.1 units/hour 34 Urine Urine Specific Gravity Lower specific gravity = dilute urine, higher specific gravity = concentrated urine 1.010 - 1.030 >
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Transcript of Normal values
Normal Values
Number Type Item Defenition Normal Range1 Acid-Base pH Normal serum pH slightly alkaline 7.35 - 7.452 Acid-Base PCO2 Respiratory component of Acid/Base balance 35 - 45 mm Hg3 Acid-Base HCO3 Metabolic component of Acid/Base balance 20 - 26 mEq/L
4 Blood Cells RBCIncreased in chronic hypoxia; decreased in anemia or blood loss
Male: 4.6 - 6.2 million/mm3
Female: 4.2 - 5.4 million/mm3
5 Blood Cells HematocritCellular portion of blood. Increased in dehydration or chronic hypoxia; decreased in anemia or blood loss
Male: 40 - 54%Female: 38 - 47%
6 Blood Cells HemoglobinReflects oxygen carrying capacity of blood. Increased in chronic hypoxia; decreased in blood loss or anemia.
Male: 13.5 - 18.0 g/100mLFemale: 12 - 16 g/100mL
7 Blood Cells ReticulocytesNumber of circulating immature RBCs. Increased in hypoxia or anemia; decreased in RBC maturation defect.
0 - 1.5%
8 Blood Cells WBC Increased in infection 5,000 - 10,000/mm3
9 Blood Cells Neutrophils Increased in infection 54 - 75%10 Blood Cells Eosinophils Increased in allergic response, some leukemias 1 - 4%
11 Blood Cells BasophilsIncreased in hyper thyroidism, some bone marrow disorders, ulcerative cloitis
0.5 - 1.0%
12 Blood Cells LymphocytesIncreased in viral infection, chronic bacterial infection, some leukemias
25 - 40%
13 Blood Cells MonocytesIncreased in chronic inflammatory disorders, some leukemias
2 - 8%
14 Blood Cells PlateletsIncreased from trauma; decreased with blood disorders; low platelet count causes risk for bleeding. 150,000 - 450,000/mm3
15 Blood Glucose Blood GlucoseDirect measurement of blood glucose level. Most commonly used in the evaluation of the diabetic patient
Fasting: 70 - 110 mg/dLCasual: 200mg/dL
16 Blood Glucose Glucose Tolerance Test used to assist diagnosis of diabetes mellitusFasting: <110 mg/dL
17 Coagulation Prothrombin Time (PT)
Affected by activity of clotting factors V, VII, X, prothrombin, and fibrinogen. Abnormalities in these values when the patient is not receiving anticoagulant therapy can indicate liver malfunction and bleeding tendency.
Men: 9.6 - 11.8 secondsWomen: 9.5 - 11.3 secondsTherapeutic range: 1.5 - 2.0 times normal for patient on
warfarin therapy.
18 CoagulationInternational Normalized Ratio (INR)
<1.3Therapeutic range 2.0 - 3.0 for
patient on warfarin therapy.
19 CoagulationPartial Thromboplastin Time (PTT)
Affected by activity of clotting factors, prothrombin, and fibrinogen.
30 - 45 seconds. Therapeutic range 1.5 - 2.0 times normal
for patient on heparin therapy.
20 Electrolyte Sodium (Na+)Major cation in blood. Sodium imbalances often associated with fluid imbalances.
135 - 145 mEq/L
21 Electrolyte Potassium (K+)
Most common electrolyte in ICF. Small amounts found in bloodstream. Minimal changes in amounts cause major changes in the body.
3.5 - 5 mEq/L
22 Electrolyte Calcium (Ca+)
Mineral primarily stored in bones and teeth. Small amounts in ECF. Minimal changes in serum calcium levels can have major negative effects in the body.
9 - 11 mg/dL4.5 - 5.5 mEq/L
23 Electrolyte Magnesium (Mg+)
Magnesium and calcium work together for proper function of excitable cells such as cardiac and nerve cells. An imbalance of magnesium is usually accompanied by an imbalance of calcium.
1.5 - 2.5 mEq/L
24 Fluid Balance Hypovolemia Deficient fluid in intravascular space.25 Fluid Balance Hypervolemia Excess fluid in intravascular space.
26 Fluid BalanceBlood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)
Amount of urea nitrogen in the blood. Urea formed in liver as a product of protein metabolism and digestion.This value related to metaboic function of liverand the excretory function of the kidneys. Increased BUN=reduced renal function, excess protein, GI bleed, catabolism fluid volume defecit. Decreased BUN = low protein, liver disease, overhydration.
6 - 20 mg/dL
27 LipoproteinsHigh Density Lipoproteins (HDL)
Good cholesterolMale: >45 mg/dL
Female: >55 mg/dL
28 LipoproteinsLow Density Lipoproteins (LDL)
Bad cholesterolMale: <130 mg/dL
Female: <110 mg/dL
29 LipoproteinsVery Low Density Lipoproteins (VLDL)
7 - 32 mg /dL
30 Lipoproteins Total Cholesterol <200 mg/dL
31 Lipoproteins Triglycerides Identify risk of developing coronary heart diseaseMale: 40 - 160 mg/dL
Female: 35 - 135 mg/dL
32 RenalFunction CreatinineElevated levels indicate kidneys inability to excrete creatine.
Male: 0.6 - 1.2 mg/dLFemale: 0.5 - 1.1 mg/dL
33 Urine Amylase Assists in diagnosis of pancreatitis 6.5 - 48.1 units/hour
34 Urine Urine Specific GravityLower specific gravity = dilute urine, higher specific gravity = concentrated urine
1.010 - 1.030
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