Noooooooooo Opener: Wed., Noooooooooo Opener: Wed., 9/149/14

Write the question AND your Write the question AND your answer!answer!

Make at least 5 observations.Make at least 5 observations.Make at least 1 inference—Make at least 1 inference—what do you THINK is what do you THINK is going on here?going on here?

16.3 Water Quality16.3 Water QualityKEY CONCEPT KEY CONCEPT

Pollution of Earth’s freshwater Pollution of Earth’s freshwater supply threatens habitat and supply threatens habitat and health. health.

Indicator species Indicator species (bioindicator)(bioindicator)

Species that provides a sign of Species that provides a sign of ecosystem health!ecosystem health!

Examples:Examples:-amphibians-amphibians-top predators-top predators-fish-fish

So...So...

If the population of an indicator If the population of an indicator species is species is stable or increasingstable or increasing, , what can you say about the what can you say about the conditions of the ecosystem???conditions of the ecosystem???

Water pollution affects Water pollution affects ecosystems ecosystems

Pollution can put Pollution can put entire freshwater ecosystemsentire freshwater ecosystems at risk. at risk.

BiomagnificationBiomagnification = accumulation of = accumulation of toxins in the food chain toxins in the food chain

• Some pollutants move Some pollutants move UP food chainUP food chain– predators eat predators eat

contaminated preycontaminated prey– Poln. increases at Poln. increases at

each trophic leveleach trophic level

• Most affected = Most affected = top consumers top consumers

Are humans affected? Are humans affected? • What What

foods foods should should we we avoid?avoid?

• DDT• 1960s• Bald Eagles, Osprey, Brown Pelicans

almost EXTINCT!• DDT biomagnifies, they’re top

predators…– thinned the egg shells…

Hmmmm...Hmmmm...• What group is the What group is the

biggest water biggest water polluter in the US?polluter in the US?– Industry!!Industry!!

• What is the single What is the single largest source of largest source of water pollution in water pollution in the US??the US??– Run-off of silt, Run-off of silt,

pesticides and pesticides and fertilizers!!!fertilizers!!!

• Why would tertiary Why would tertiary consumers have higher consumers have higher concentrations of concentrations of toxins than primary toxins than primary consumers?consumers?

• How does the How does the biomagnification biomagnification pyramid compare with pyramid compare with the energy pyramid?the energy pyramid?

• How are carrying How are carrying capacity and indicator capacity and indicator species related? ...species related? ...– If population of If population of

indicator species far indicator species far below c.c., toxin below c.c., toxin present?present?

And...And...

LEAD GAMELEAD GAME

• Alternative Website: ARKive, IUCN, Oil Spill

16.4 Threats to Biodiversity16.4 Threats to BiodiversityKEY CONCEPT KEY CONCEPT

The IMPACT of a growing HUMAN The IMPACT of a growing HUMAN population threatens population threatens biodiversity. biodiversity.

Preserving biodiversity is important to the Preserving biodiversity is important to the future of the biosphere!!! future of the biosphere!!! For REAL!!For REAL!!

• The loss of biodiversity has long-term The loss of biodiversity has long-term effects:effects:– loss of medical and technological loss of medical and technological

advancesadvances– extinction of speciesextinction of species– loss of ecosystem stabilityloss of ecosystem stability

Loss of habitat Loss of habitat eliminateseliminates species species

• Habitat fragmentation Habitat fragmentation – prevents organism from prevents organism from

accessing its entire home accessing its entire home rangerange

– barrier forms w/in habitatbarrier forms w/in habitat– urban developmenturban development

Habitat corridors are a Habitat corridors are a SOLUTIONSOLUTION to the problem!to the problem!

– corridors can be road overpasses or corridors can be road overpasses or underpassesunderpasses

– allow species to move between different allow species to move between different areas of habitatareas of habitat

Introduced species Introduced species can disrupt stable can disrupt stable relationships in an ecosystem. relationships in an ecosystem.

• Brought to an ecosystem by Brought to an ecosystem by humans!!humans!!– accidentalaccidental– purposefulpurposeful

• ““Invasive” species:Invasive” species:environmentalenvironmental& economic& economicimpactsimpacts

Only in SC Only in SC since 1994since 1994

Only in SC Only in SC since 2002since 2002

Invasive species often push out native Invasive species often push out native speciesspecies

1.1.Burmese Burmese pythonpython

– FL FL (Everglade(Everglades)s)

– Released Released from from owners, owners, breeding breeding populationpopulation now now present!!!present!!!

Economic impactsEconomic impacts

2. mice 2. mice (Australia)(Australia)

– Stowaway mice Stowaway mice from Europe in from Europe in late 1700’slate 1700’s

– 1993-1994 1993-1994 crops, $65 crops, $65 million in million in lostlost revenue!revenue!

Plants can be invaders Plants can be invaders also!!!also!!!3. Kudzu (SE U.S.)3. Kudzu (SE U.S.)– Introduced as Introduced as

ornamental and ornamental and to prevent to prevent erosionerosion

– Can grow up to Can grow up to 60’ per growing 60’ per growing seasonseason

– Chokes out Chokes out other plants!!!other plants!!!

Hmmmmm...

–Why is biodiversity Why is biodiversity important to us???important to us???– Food, medicine, Food, medicine,

economiceconomic

–What type of damage can What type of damage can invasive species cause??invasive species cause??

High Five Board!

20 minute videoMake a Chart:Extraction Production Distribution

other side of paper:Consumption Disposal Another Way

www.storyofstuff.org