Nonocomposites (Dr. S. T. Mhaske)-2

8/3/2019 Nonocomposites (Dr. S. T. Mhaske)-2

1/18

Presented by,Dr. S. T. Mhaske

NANOCOMPOSITES


2/18

WHY POLYMER NANOCOMPOSITES? WHY NANO?

Increased strength and stiffness of polymers while maintainingelongation

Permeation resistance for packaging (nano barriers fordifferent molecules)

Nano addition maintain transparency (desired for packaging)

Recyclability: nanofillers are not affected or degraded during

processing, recycling does not affect physical properties

Flame resistance (Nano fire extinguisher)


3/18

POLYMER NANOCOMPOSITES (PNC)

Applications Heat-resistant materials

Light weight and high strength structuralmaterials

Electrical package, conductive polymers.

Barrier Properties Corrosion resistant, coating or structure

Electro-magnetic field shielding

Selective photo sensitivity, coatings, etc

It is estimated that widespread use of PNCs by car manufacturers

could save over 1.5 billion liters of gasoline annually and reduce CO2

emissions by nearly 10 billion pounds!


4/18

POLYMER NANOCOMPOSIES

POPULAR NANO-REINFORCEMENTS

Building Blocksof the Nano Age

Clay

Other Synthetic Materials

POSS

Graphite

Carbon Nanotube,Bukcyball

Cellulose


5/18

MICROCOMPOSITES VS NANOCOMPOSITES

Fig 2: Principles applied to the fabrication of micro- andnano-composites


6/18

NANOCOMPOSITES VS. TRADITIONALMATERIALS IN AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS

Reinforcing fillers such as talc,

mica, and calcium carbonate

higher stiffness, increasingweight and melt viscosity,decreasing toughness,optical clarity, and surface

quality

Glass-fiber reinforcement

high stiffness with acorresponding increaseddifficulty of fabrication andcost

Nanofillers such as exfoliated clays

Effective at a loading under 5% by weight, introducingonly a minor increase in materials cost

Significant improvement in modulus, thermal stability, fireretardency, dimensional stability, surface hardness, heat-

distortion temperature, mar resistance, and barrierproperties


7/18

Nanocomposites: Low-Cost, High-StrengthMaterials for Automotive Parts

Schematic for nanoparticles-reinforced polymeric material

Nanocomposites, a new class of materials under study internationally,consist of traditional polymers reinforced by nanometer-scale particlesdispersed throughout.

Corrosion resistance, noise dampening, parts consolidation, andrecyclability all would be improved.

An economical solution for increased fuel economy in motor vehicles


8/18

POLYMER NANOCOMPOSIES SURFACE MODIFICATION, DISPERSION

Ion exchange for clays

Addition reaction on CNTs (fullerenes)

Acidification, fluorination, etc. in order to attachdifferent functional groups onto nano reinforcement

surface to improve dispersion as well as reactivity

with the matrix structure morphology change &

tailoring of interface


9/18

POLYMER NANOCOMPOSIES NETWORK FORMATION

States of dispersion of organoclays in polymers

with WAXS and TEM results.


10/18

Nanocompositesformation

In situintercalative

polymerization

Exfoliation-Adsorption

MeltIntercalation


11/18

Nylon-6 nanocomposite formed through in situ polymerizationwith ADAMMT

In situ intercalative polymerization


12/18

Exfoliation-Adsorption

Schematic of formation of nanocomposites of polystyrene-nanographite process.

Melt Intercalation


13/18

Key

NanocompositeProperties ForAutomotiveApplications

EnhancedModulus andDimensionalStability

Higher Heat-DistortionTemperature

ImprovedScratchResistance

ToughnessandRheologicalProperties


14/18

NANOMATERIALS - UV PROTECTION

Advanced PowderTechnology Pty Ltd

90 nm

25 nm

250 nm

ZincOxide

Small =Transparent

Zinclear

in

Wet Dreams

sunscreen


15/18

NANOCOMPOSITE MATERIALS

Engineering Applications: Nanocomposite materials have been used inaerospace, automobile, and marine applications (see Figs. 1-3). Recently,nanocomposite materials have been increasingly considered in civilengineering structures. The latter applications include seismic retrofit ofbridge columns (Fig. 4), replacements of deteriorated bridge decks (Fig. 5),

and new bridge structures (Fig. 6).

Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3

Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6
http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/BRIDGE/frp/seis01.htm


16/18

NANODEVICES - MAGNETIC STORAGE

16.8 GB

The hard drive in your computer uses a

nanotechnology innovation called giantMagneto resistance.

Giant magneto resistance is an effect

where small magnetic fields can be

detected as a change in resistance.


17/18

NANO-PRODUCTS

Nano-Products on the Market Now

Display ScreensMotorola (NTs) Nano SilverSealRefrigeratorSamsung (nanoparticle-coated)

Tennis RacketsWilson (C fibers)

Cars - HummerGM (Nanocomposites)


18/18

Nonocomposites (Dr. S. T. Mhaske)-2

Documents

Transcript of Nonocomposites (Dr. S. T. Mhaske)-2