Nonaka's Scrum: People as the Conveyor of Knowledge at Scrumday 2013

Seeing is understanding.Seeing is understanding.

Nonaka’s ScrumPeople as the Conveyor of Knowledge

Change Vision, Inc.

Kenji Hiranabe

By Yasunobu Kawaguchi


Hello, Scrum Day!I’m from Japan.


Agenda

•Self-introduction

•Nonaka’s Scrum

•Tacit Knowledge

•A Story

•Design Thinking


Kenji HIRANABE(1/2)• (co-)Translator of �

OO, UML books Mind Map book

XP/ Agile books

• (co-)Author of �C++ book

Scrum book

Agile and Scrum:

Collaborative Software

Development That Connects

Customers, Engineers and

Management


Kenji HIRANABE(2/2)• CEO of Astah.net.

• astah – UML editor

– With Mind Map, ERD, SysML

– http://astah. net/

– Runs on• PC, Mac, Linux, iPad


Nonaka’s ScrumPeople as the Conveyor of Knowledge

Change Vision, Inc.

Kenji Hiranabe

By Yasunobu Kawaguchi


Do you know where the word “Scrum”came from ?

http://www.publickey1.jp/blog/11/10_innovation_sprint_2011.html

Innovation Sprint 2011

Jeff Sutherland Ikujiro Nonaka

me

Quote from the first

Scrum Book

• “Agile Software Development with Scrum” (by

Ken Schwaber, Mike Beedle) starts with the

following quote.

The "relay race" approach to product development ... may conflict with the goals of maximum speed and flexibility. Instead a holistic or "rugby" approach – where the team tries to go the distance as a unit, passing the ball back and forth – may better serve today's competitive requirements.

-- “The New New Product Development Game”

Copyright © 2005-2007 Kenji

HIRANABE, Some rights

reserved

12

Toyota Production System

Lean

Lean Software Development

Kanban

Lean Startup

Agile

Scrum

XP

The New New Product Development Game

Four steps to the epiphany

Agile and Lean

Startup

Patterns

Manufacturing Industry in Japan

2013 Yasunobu Kawaguchi

Nonaka’s Text Agile/Scrum (Software)

1993 Org. Patterns(by Jim Coplien) (at PLoP)

2001 “Agile Software Development with Scrum”

(by Ken Schwaber, Mike Beedle)

“The Knowledge Creating Company”(HBR) 1991

SECI-model

アメリカ海兵隊(U.S. Marine) 1995Fractal

Organization

1994/1 First Sprint of Scrum by Jeff Sutherland

Scrum Master

1994/2 Second Sprint of Scrum (with Cope’s Ideas)

Daily Scrum

“The New New Product Development Game” 1986

“Scrum”

2012 “Software in 30 days”

“Wise Leadership”(HBR) 2010

Phronetic

Leadership

“Managing Flow” 2008

2001 “The Agile Manifesto”

2013“アジャイル開発とスクラム-顧客・技術・経営をつなぐ協調的ソフトウェエア開発”

Collaborative Software Development That Connects Customers, Engineers, and Management

Prof. Ikujiro Nonaka

1

The New New Product Development Game(HBR)

ScrumStop therelay race, take up rugby

2

The Knowledge Creating Company

SECI-modelSpiral transformation of

Explicit knowledge and Tacit knowledge

3Managing Flow, The Wise Leadership(HBR)

PhronesisThe third knowledge type after

Science (explicit knowledge)

And art (tact knowledge)

U.S. Marine

Fractal

OrganizationSelf-similar structure

at all levels

4


SECI model

Copyright Nonaka I. 2010

Two Types of Knowledge

Spiral up through Spiral up through dynamic interactiondynamic interaction

AnalogAnalog--Digital SynthesisDigital Synthesis

Objective and rational knowledge that can be expressed in words, sentences, numbers, or formulas (context-free)

Theoretical approachProblem solvingManualsDatabase

Subjective and experiential knowledge that can not be expressed in words, sentences, numbers, or Formulas (Context-specific)Cognitive Skills

beliefsimagesperspectivesmental models

Technical Skillscraftknow-how

Tacit Knowledge Explicit Knowledge

http://www.flickr.com/photos/visitabudhabi/6708954439/

Tacit

Knowledge

Subjective and

experiential

knowledge that

can not be

expressed in

words, sentences,

numbers, or

Formulas

(Context-specific)

• Explicit

Knowledge

• Objective and

rational

knowledge that

can be

expressed in

words,

sentences,

numbers, or

formulas

(context-free)http://www.flickr.com/photos/stuartpilbrow/4264302708/

“Sticky” Information

Product developers need two types of information in order to succeed at their work: need and context-of-use information (generated by users) and generic solution information (often initially generated by manufacturers specializing in a particular type of solution) Bringing these two types of information together is not easy. Both need information and solution information are often very “sticky”—that is, costly to move from the site where the information was generated to other sites�.

-- “Democratizing Innovation” (by Eric Von Hippel)

SECI Model

Explicit

Explicit

Tacit

Tacit Tacit

Explicit

Explicit

Tacit

SocializationSocialization ExternalizationExternalization

InternalizationInternalization CombinationCombination

OG

E

I

Environment

Individual

I G

G

G

G

Org.

E

I

I

I

I

I

Group

IE O



Organizational Knowledge CreationSECI Model

Sharing and creating tacit knowledge through direct experience

I = Individual, G = Group, O = Organization, E = Environment

Learning and acquiring new tacit knowledge in practice

1. Perceiving reality

as it is

2. Sensing and

Empathizing with

others and the

environment

3. Transferring of

tacit knowledge

9. Embodying explicit

knowledge through

action and reflection

10. Using simulation and

experiments

Articulating tacit knowledge through dialogue and reflection

4. Articulating tacit

knowledge using

symbolic language

5. Translating tacit

knowledge into a

concept or prototype

Systemizing and applying explicit knowledge and information

6. Gathering and

integrating explicit

knowledge

7. Breaking down the

concept and finding

relationships among

the concepts

8. Editing and

systemizing explicit

knowledge

Explicit

Explicit

Tacit

Tacit Tacit

Explicit

Explicit

Tacit



OG

E

I

Environment

Individual

I G

G

G

G

Org.

E

I

I

I

I

I

Group

IE O


A Story of

Matsushita Electric’s

“Home Bakery”

(Bread Making Machine)

Source: http://panasonic.co.jp/ism/bakery/vol01/index.html

For this part. Or read “Knowledge Creating Company” the book


Design ThinkingRelationship with

Design Thinking

“Design thinking is a human-centered approach to innovation that draws

from the designer's toolkit to integrate the needs of people, the

possibilities of technology, and the requirements for business success.”

—Tim Brown, president and CEO

IDEO Method Cards

There’s also an App !

SECI Model and Agile Practices

Explicit

Explicit

Tacit Tacit

Explicit

Explicit

Tacit



Sprint DemoSprint Demo

Visit UsersVisit UsersCoding StandardCoding StandardT

acit

Sprint PlanningSprint Planning

Story WritingStory Writing

Everything about

Learning�

Everything about

Learning�

Daily StandupDaily Standup

Sit TogetherSit Together

Pair ProgrammingPair Programming

RetrospectivesRetrospectives

Scrum As Knowledge Creation Machine

E

E

T

T T

E

E

T

SS EE

II CCT

T

Created Knowledge

Knowledge about

How to create it

Knowledge about

User and Usage

Growing Working

Software

Learning Scrum

Team


Contemplation in Action:Indwelling in Actuality with Deep Thinking

“I can see many things

when I see a machine. How

can we maneuver through

that curve? We should do

this, we should do that....

Then I think about the next

machine. We can make a

faster machine if we think

like this, and so on. It’s a

natural progress into the

next step.”

- Soichiro Honda

Source: Honda Motor Corporation

(Picture at the Automobile Hall of Fame, Detroit)



Concept Building: Dialoguing on the Spot

Soichiro Honda

Drawing on

the floor

Words and

actionsBy articulating into

language, we

clearly understand

what we are

thinking

Source: Honda Motor Corporation

Automobile Hall of Fame (Detroit)

What’s the product owner ?

The person(s) who had the first belief, should run through the whole process

As the conveyer of knowledge.

Idealistic Pragmatist:

Contemplation in ActionBrain

Deep Thinker

Brawn

Doer

in One Personin One Person““Intellectual MuscleIntellectual Muscle””

Relentless Pursuit of Common GoodRelentless Pursuit of Common Good


Conclusion

�The word “Scrum” is from Nonaka’s

1986 paper.

�He also articulated how knowledge is

created as SECI-model.

�It starts with passion, empathy, or

belief.

�Go see Gemba, the place it occurs,

see the context, meet people!

Prof. Ikujiro Nonaka

1

The New New Product Development Game(HBR)

ScrumStop the relay race, take up rugby

2

The Knowledge Creating Company

SECI-modelSpiral transformation of

Explicit knowledge and Tacit knowledge

3Managing Flow, The Wise Leadership(HBR)

PhronesisThe third knowledge type after

Science (explicit knowledge)

And art (tact knowledge)

U.S. Marine

Fractal

OrganizationSelf-similar structure

at all levels

4

FEELBeforeYouTHINK!

Nonaka's Scrum: People as the Conveyor of Knowledge at Scrumday 2013

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Transcript of Nonaka's Scrum: People as the Conveyor of Knowledge at Scrumday 2013