No-till dryland sugarbeet production in the semi-arid US high plains. Drew Lyon
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No-Till Dryland Sugarbeet Production in the Semi-Arid US High Plains
Drew Lyon and John Smith
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Why Dryland Sugarbeets?
• High commodity prices limited irrigated ground available for beet production in 2007.
• Growers penalized for failing to deliver contracted acreage to factory.
• Growers asked if contracts could be met with dryland production?
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Research Objectives
• Determine the yield potential for no-till dryland sugarbeet production
• Determine the optimum plant population
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Materials & Methods
• Four locations– Sidney (E), Dalton, Hemingford, & Sidney (L)
• Two varieties– Hilleshog 9024RR & Betaseed 66RR70
• Four target populations– 1.5, 3.0, 4.5, and 6.0 plants m-2
• Six replications per location
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Materials & Methods
• Plots were 4 rows wide by 12 m long– 76 cm row widths
• No-till planted into winter wheat residue• Weeds controlled in crop with two
applications of glyphosate• Goal was plant, spray, harvest and see what
happens
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Root Yield Response to Harvest Population in 2008 - 2010
0 2 4 6 8 10 120
10
20
30
40
50
60
Plant population density (plants m-2)
Root
yie
ld (M
g ha
-1)
Sidney 1 - 2009
Sidney 2 - 2009
Gurley - 2009
Hemingford - 2009
Sidney 1 - 2008
Sidney 2 - 2008
Hemingford - 2010
Sidney 2 - 2010Gurley - 2010
Sidney 1 - 2010
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Sugar Concentration Response to Harvest Population in 2008-2010
0 2 4 6 8 10 12120
140
160
180
200
220
Plant population density (plants m-2)
Suga
r con
cent
ratio
n (g
kg-
1)
Sidney 1 -2008
Sidney 2 - 2008
Sidney 1 - 2009
Gurley - 2009
Hemingford - 2009
Sidney 2 - 2009
Sidney 1 - 2010
Gurley - 2010
Hemingford - 2010
Sidney 2 - 2010
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Sugar Yield Response to Harvest Population in 2008 - 2010
0 2 4 6 8 10 120
2
4
6
8
10
Plant population density (plants m-2)
Suga
r yie
ld (M
g ha
-1)
Sidney 1 - 2008 Sidney 2 - 2008
Sidney 1 - 2009
Gurley - 2009
Hemingford - 2009
Sidney 2 - 2009 Sidney 1 - 2010
Gurley - 2010
Hemingford - 2010
Sidney 2 - 2010
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Root Yield Response to Harvest Population in 2008 - 2010
0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.00
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Plant population density (plants m-2)
Root
yie
ld (M
g ha
-1)
42
y = 9.7 + 11.4x – 0.962x2
R2 = 0.397, n = 477, p < 0.001
5.9
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Sugar Yield Response to Harvest Population in 2008 - 2010
0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.00.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
Plant population density (plants m-2)
Suga
r yie
ld (M
g ha
-1)
y = 9.7 + 11.4x – 0.962x2
R2 = 0.448, n = 477, p < 0.001
6.3
7.8
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Conclusions
• Root yields > 40 Mg ha-1 are feasible• Sugar yields > 7.5 Mg ha-1 are feasible• No consistent varietal differences observed • Optimum plant population was between 5.9
(root yield) and 6.3 (sugar yield) plants m-2
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Conclusions
• Maximum yields require deep, well drained soils with good stored water to at least 1.2 m
• Planting into heavy crop residues helps reduce evaporation and weed competition
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After Harvest Soil Conditions
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Questions?