ONSITE CONTROLS TRAINING

www.sjerhombus.com

BASIC ELECTRICAL THEORY

WARNING!!ELECTRICAL SHOCK HAZARD

Disconnect all power sources before servicing.

Failure to do so could result in serious injury or death.

WARNINGS

TERMINOLOGY & DEFINITIONS

VOLTS -the International System of Units (SI) unit of

electromotive force, the difference of potential that

would drive one ampere of current against one ohm

resistance.

4

THINK OF VOLTAGE AS THE PRESSURE BEING PRODUCED BY THE PUMP, THINK OF THIS AS H.P.

Most of the electrical products for our market are Single Phase 120V or 230V

TERMINOLOGY & DEFINITIONS

AMPERE (AMPS)-The basic unit of electrical current in the International System of Units (SI), equivalent to one coulomb per second

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THINK OF CURRENT (AMPS) AS THE FLOW RATE, HOW FAST THE WATER FLOWS THROUGH THE PIPES. THINK OF THIS AS GAL/MIN

Most of our pump switch products can handle up to 13A, after that you can use a control panel

TERMINOLOGY & DEFINITIONS

OHM - electrical resistance between two points of a conductor when a constant potential difference applied between these points produces in this conductor a current of one ampere.The resistance in ohms is numerically equal to the magnitude of the potential difference. Symbol:Ω.

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THINK OF OHMS AS THE RESISTANCE THAT ACTS ON THE WATER. THE MORE RESTRICTIONS THE HIGHER THE RESISTANCE. THINK OF THIS AS TDH (TOTAL DYNAMIC HEAD)

We use the Ohm scale to check if there is water in a float switch

• Motor Contactors

• Circuit Breakers

• Transformers

COMMON COMPONENTS

• A motor contactor is an electrically controlled switch used for switching an electrical power circuit, similar to a relay except with a higher current rating.

• A contactor is controlled by a circuit which can have a much lower power level than the switched circuit.

• A motor contactor coil is connected mechanically to the switching contacts, but separate electrically

• Normally open (no) and normally closed (nc) refer to the contact position in an unenergized state

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MOTOR CONTACTORS

MOTOR CONTACTORS

Full Voltage

Contactors

and Starters

NEMA Rated

IEC Style

Contactors

and Overloads

Definite Purpose

Contactors

Types DP, DPA and

SYD

10 Million Cycle

Rating

15 Million

Cycle Rating2.5 Million Cycle

Rating

CIRCUIT BREAKER - The National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) defines a circuit breaker as a device designed to open and close a circuit, by non-automatic means, and to open the circuit automatically on a predetermined overcurrent without injury to itself when properly applied within its rating.

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WHAT THIS MEANS TO US - A CIRCUIT BREAKER PROTECTS THE ASSOCIATED WIRING DURING A CATASTROPHIC MOTOR FAILURE DUE TO:

• GROUND FAULT• THERMAL OVERLOAD• SHORT CIRCUIT

CIRCUIT BREAKERS

CIRCUIT BREAKERS

Thermal-Magnetic

Molded Case

Thermal-Magnetic

Molded Case(Miniature)

Instantaneous

Trip/Magnetic Only/MCP

CIRCUIT BOARDS

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MICROPROCESSOR BASED ANALOG/RELAY LOGIC

METER USAGE

• Voltage Measurement• Meter Lead Locations

• AC and DC Settings

• Resistance Measurement• Meter Lead Locations

• Non-Powered Circuits Only

• Scaling Settings

• Amperage Measurement• Meter Lead Locations

• Scaling Settings

METER USAGE

• Pump switch circuit

• Control switch circuit

• Simple latching circuit

• Simple alarm circuit

SIMPLE CIRCUITS

Pump Switch vs. Control Switch

- Wide angle - Narrow angle

- High current rating - Low current rating

- Pump start-up rating - No pump start-up rating

- Directly controls a pump - Used with alarms/panels

- Piggy-back plug option

PUMP VS. CONTROL SWITCH

Tether Pumping Length Range

3.5 6.6

6 8.5

8 11

10 13

12 14

15 17

17 19

Pumping

Range

(inches)

Tether Length (inches)

Wide

Angle

PUMP SWITCHES

High Current Rating (up to 20 FLA)

Pump Start Rating

PUMP SWITCHES

High Current Rating (up to 20 FLA)

Pump Start Rating

PUMP SWITCHES

DIRECT WIRE PUMP SWITCH

Incoming Power

Pump Cord

Piggy-back

Plug

Pump

Cord

PUMP

FLOAT

PIGGY-BACK PLUG

TESTING PIGGY BACK PLUGS

Tether Length (inches)

Narrow

Angle

CONTROL SWITCHES

Low Current Rating (5 FLA or less)

CONTROL SWITCHES

Low Current Rating (5 FLA or less)

CONTROL SWITCHES

READING A SCHEMATIC

• Reading a schematic is like

reading a road map

• Find your starting point and

destination, then follow the

map

• Use your meter to check

circuits on the way

• The pump circuit provides power to the pump.

• The control circuit powers the motor contactor coil, etm’s, cc’s, pump run lights.

• The alarm circuit powers the horn & beacon, and can be combined with the control circuit, but should always be separate electrically from the pump circuit.

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SIMPLE CIRCUITS

PUMP CIRCUIT

CONTROL

CIRCUIT ALARM

CIRCUIT

FIELD WIRING

SECTION

ALARM CIRCUIT

SIMPLE LATCHING CIRCUIT

SIMPLE LATCHING CIRCUIT

SIMPLE LATCHING CIRCUIT

SIMPLE LATCHING CIRCUIT

SIMPLE LATCHING CIRCUIT

SIMPLE LATCHING CIRCUIT

CONTROL/PUMP CIRCUIT

INSTALLING CONTROL PANELS

Best Installation Practices

• Locate panel where it is easily accessible

CONTROL PANELS

Best Installation Practices

• Locate panel where it is easily accessible

• Use the proper drill bit when making penetrations in enclosure

• Avoid holes in top and sides of panel enclosure

INSTALLING CONTROL PANELS

CONDUIT STRAIN

Best Installation Practices

• Locate panel where it is easily accessible

• Use the proper drill bit when making penetrations in enclosure

• Avoid holes in top and sides of panel enclosure

• Use proper “Liquid tight” fittings on penetrations

• Seal conduits coming from sewage tank

• Seal off possible ground moisture into panel

CONTROL PANELS

Best Installation Practices

• Locate panel where it is easily accessible

•Use the proper drill bit when making penetrations in enclosure

• Avoid holes in top and sides of panel enclosure

• Use proper “Liquid tight” fittings on penetrations

• Seal conduits coming from sewage tank

• Seal off possible ground moisture from panel

• Mount float switches so they actuate freely

• Mount float switches so they can be easily removed

• Label float switch cables prior to pulling through conduit

CONTROL PANELS

THANK YOU