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Experimental Study of Water Redistribution Measurement in the Model
Earthen Wall and its Numerical Analysis
Takeshi ISHIZAKI*
* National Research Institute for Cultural Properties, Tokyo
Abstract
In the Asian countries, there are many important wall paintings on earthen walls of temples and
other historical buildings. Because earth can be considered as a porous material, there is water
redistribution in the walls due to the change of the surrounding environmental conditions.
Water evaporates under dry conditions from the wall surface and salts accumulate near the
surface zone and can cause salt e%orescence damages in the wall paintings. In order to develop
suitable protective measures, it is necessary to know the water content profiles and water
movement in the earthen walls. For this purpose, a model earthen wall has been built up in the
historical folklore museum in Sapporo. The water redistribution in the earthen wall was
measured by using a TDR (Time Domain Reflectometry) apparatus. The numerical simulation of
water movement in the model wall was performed with the Delphin. program developed by the
TU Dresden. The material data, such as moisture retention curve, liquid water conductivity and
water vapor di#usivity of the model earthen wall and climate data of the location Sapporo were
taken into account for simulation. For development of suitable protective measures, it is quite
important to have non destructive methods to understand the water regime in porous materials.
The good agreement between simulation results and measured moisture profiles in position and
time show the validity of using the Delphin. program for development and evaluation of
conservation measures of historical buildings and stone monuments.
Key words : historical building, earthen wall, water redistribution, TDR (time domain reflecto-
metry), numerical analysis
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from pore size distribution data. Petroleum
Trans. Am. Inst. Mining Eng., +32 : 1+�12.
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Fig. 3 Location of the monitoring position of
water content (Stage .).
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and calculated (Stage +n.).
�»�%Oª P +**¼ 6,**/740
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cal Simulation Program DIM-.+, Volume + : The-
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