NJDEP - NJGS - Open-File Map OFM 61, Bedrock Geology of ... · PDF fileKmv Kwb Kwb Kp3 Kmg...

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Kmv Kwb Kwb Kp3 Kmg GH-3 Kmg -90 Kp3 -270 CZu G114 Kmg -110 Kp3 31-1210 -276 CZu 31-3401 -250 CZu 31-3402 -275 CZu 31-673 -260 CZu 31-19765 -297 CZu A Kmg Kmv Kp3 Kmg B6 -171 CZu B7 -183 CZu B9 -212 CZu B12 -222 CZu Kp3 Kmg Kmv Kp3 Kmg 31-18822, 7-516 -270 CZu 31-941 -195 CZu 31-62 -138 CZu 31-63 -116 CZu B13A -64 CZu B8A -74 CZu B11A -81 CZu B11 -84 CZu Kp3 B 31-27047 -55 CZu 31-905 -150 CZu 31-1-666 -110 CZu 7-547 31-18944 Kp3 31-9421 -279 CZu Kmv Kwb Kwb Ket Ket Ket Kwb Kmv Kmg Kmg Kmv 7-320 31-4642 Kmv Kp3 Kmg Kwb Kmg Kp3 W22 -38 CZu W42E -32 CZu W20 -39 CZu W17 -41 CZu W12 -51 CZu W10 -53 CZu W6A -80 CZu W5A -88 CZu W4A -82 CZu W3A -87 CZu W2A -101 CZu WM1 -87 CZu W1F -119 Czu E1D -110 CZu E2A -137 CZu E3A -113 CZu WM6 -132 CZu 31-16814 -126 CZu 7-539 31-14568 31-14869 -175 CZu 7-538 zone III zone III zone Va 31-2-312 -110 CZu Kp3 Kmv Kmv Kmg Kmg Kmg Kmv Kmv Kwb Kwb Kmv Kwb Ket Kwb 31-37787 Kwb Ket Kmt Kmt Kw Kmt Kw Kmt Kw Kmt Kml Kw Kw Kml Kml Kml B' A' 7000 FEET 1000 1000 0 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 .5 1 KILOMETER 1 0 SCALE 1:24 000 1/2 1 0 1 MILE MAGNETIC NORTH APPROXIMATE MEAN DECLINATION, 1967 TRUE NORTH LOCATION IN NEW JERSEY 10 O CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET NATIONAL GEODETIC VERTICAL DATUM OF 1929 75 o 00' 39 o 52'30" BEDROCK GEOLOGY OF THE CAMDEN AND PHILADELPHIA QUADRANGLES, CAMDEN, GLOUCESTER, AND BURLINGTON COUNTIES, NEW JERSEY by Scott D. Stanford 1 , Peter J. Sugarman 1 , and James P. Owens 2 2004 DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION LAND USE MANAGEMENT NEW JERSEY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BEDROCK GEOLOGY OF THE CAMDEN AND PHILADELPHIA QUADRANGLES CAMDEN, GLOUCESTER, AND BURLINGTON COUNTIES, NEW JERSEY OPEN-FILE MAP OFM 61 Prepared in cooperation with the U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY NATIONAL GEOLOGIC MAPPING PROGRAM 40 o 00' 2'30" FRANKFORD 75 o 07'30" 75 o 07'30" 10' WOODBURY 5' 2'30" 75 o 00' RUNNEMEDE 55' MOORESTOWN 57'30" Geology mapped 2000-2001 Base from U. S. Geological Survey Camden and Philadelphia quadrangles, 1967, photorevised 1973 1 New Jersey Geological Survey 2 U. S. Geological Survey INTRODUCTION Bedrock of the Camden and Philadelphia quadrangles includes unconsolidated Coastal Plain formations that overlie metamorphic basement rocks. The Coastal Plain formations include sand, clay, and glauconite clay laid down in coastal, nearshore marine, and continental shelf settings between 95 and 75 million years ago. The underlying metamorphic rocks are much older and were originally laid down as sediments between 700 and 550 million years ago, and later compressed and deformed several times. The lithology and age of the formations are provided in the Description of Map Units. Age relations are also summarized in the Correlation of Map Units. Sections AA' and BB' show the subsurface geometry of the formations along the line of section. Further detail on the regional stratigraphy of the Coastal Plain formations is provided by Owens and others (1998). Surficial deposits of Pliocene and Quaternary age overlie the Coastal Plain formations in most of the map area. The surficial deposits are mapped by Stanford (2004). DESCRIPTION OF MAP UNITS MOUNT LAUREL FORMATION--Quartz sand, slightly glauconitic, medium-grained. Yellowish-brown to reddish-yellow where weathered, gray where unweathered. As much as 20 feet thick in map area. Contains traces of feldspar, mica, and phosphate pellets. Late Cretaceous (late Campanian) in age based on nannoplankton (Sugarman and others, 1995). Grades downward into the Wenonah Formation. WENONAH FORMATION--Quartz sand, micaceous, slightly glauconitic, fine to very fine grained. Yellow to very pale brown where weathered, gray to pale-olive where unweathered. As much as 50 feet thick. Contains traces of carbonaceous material. Late Cretaceous (late Campanian) in age based on pollen (Wolfe, 1976) and ammonite fossils (Kennedy and Cobban, 1994). Grades downward into the Marshalltown Formation. MARSHALLTOWN FORMATION--Quartz glauconite clayey sand, fine- to medium-grained. Olive to dark gray where unweathered, brown to olive-brown where weathered. As much as 20 feet thick. Contains traces of feldspar, mica, finely disseminated pyrite, and phosphatic fragments. Late Cretaceous (middle Campanian) in age, based on nannoplankton (Sugarman and others, 1995). Unconformably overlies the Englishtown Formation. ENGLISHTOWN FORMATION--Quartz sand, fine to coarse-grained, with thin beds of clay and silt. Sand is white, yellow, and light-gray where weathered, gray where unweathered. Silt and clay are light-gray to brown where weathered, dark-gray to black where unweathered. As much as 70 feet thick. Sand contains some lignite and mica and minor amounts of glauconite; mica, carbonaceous matter and pyrite are common in the clays. Late Cretaceous (early Campanian) in age, based on pollen (Wolfe, 1976). Grades downward into the WoodburyFormation. WOODBURY FORMATION--Clay with minor thin beds of very fine quartz sand. Dark gray and black where unweathered, yellowish-brown to brown where weathered. As much as 80 feet thick. Clay is micaceous with some pyrite and carbonaceous material and traces of glauconite. Late Cretaceous (early Campanian) in age based on pollen (Wolfe, 1976). Grades downward into the Merchantville Formation. MERCHANTVILLE FORMATION--Glauconite clay. Olive, dark gray, black where unweathered, olive-brown to yellowish-brown where weathered. As much as 50 feet thick. Glauconite occurs primarily in soft grains of fine-to-medium sand size. Sand fraction is chiefly quartz; feldspar, mica, and pyrite are minor constituents. Iron cementation is common. Late Cretaceous (early Campanian) in age based on ammonite fossils (Owens and others, 1977). Unconformably overlies the Magothy Formation. MAGOTHY FORMATION--Quartz sand, fine to very coarse-grained, and clay and silt, thin-bedded. Sand is white, yellow, light-gray where weathered, gray where unweathered. Clay and silt are white, yellow, brown, reddish-yellow where weathered, gray to black where unweathered. As much as 120 feet thick. Sand includes some lignite, pyrite, and minor feldspar and mica. Silt and clay beds include abundant mica and carbonaceous material. Late Cretaceous (Santonian) in age based on pollen (Wolfe and Pakiser, 1971; Christopher, 1977). Unconformably overlies the Potomac Formation. PRE-CRETACEOUS METAMORPHIC ROCKS--Chiefly schist. Upper 10-150 feet is commonly weathered to a micaceous clayey saprolite. Of Late Proterozoic and Cambrian age. Includes the Wissahickon Formation and related rocks of the Potomac-Philadelphia-Hartland terrane (Volkert and others, 1996). In subsurface only. MAP SYMBOLS Contact--Approximately located. Solid triangle indicates contact observed in outcrop. Formation observed in outcrop, excavation, or hand-auger hole. Formation formerly observed in outcrop or excavation (Woolman, 1897; Bascom and others, 1909; field notes on file at N. J. Geological Survey) but no longer exposed. Well with gamma log--Used to construct section. Numbers of the form 7-xxx are U. S. Geological Survey Ground Water Site Inventory identification numbers. Numbers of the form 31-xxxx are well permit numbers issued by the N. J. Department of Environmental Protection, Bureau of Water Allocation. Well or boring penetrating pre-Cretaceous basement--Upper number is identifier, lower number followed by "CZu" is elevation of base of Cretaceous in feet below sea level. Where the Magothy-Potomac contact is penetrated, the elevation (in feet below sea level) of the contact is indicated between the unit symbols. Identifiers of the form 31-xxxx are well permit numbers issued by the N. J. Department of Environmental Protection, Bureau of Water Allocation. Identifiers prefixed by W, E or B are bridge borings provided by the Delaware River Port Authority. Identifiers prefixed by WM are bridge borings from Woolman (1897). Identifiers prefixed by GH are from Jengo (1999). Pollen zone--Circle indicates approximate location of sample (Wolfe and Pakiser, 1971). Well with gamma log--On sections. Intensity of gamma radiation increases to right. REFERENCES Bascom, F., Clark, W. B., Darton, N. H., Kummel, H. B., Salisbury, R. D., Miller, B. L., and Knapp, G. N., 1909, Description of the Philadelphia district: U. S. Geological Survey Geologic Atlas 192, 23 p. Christopher, R.A., 1977, Selected Normapolles pollen genera and the age of the Raritan and Magothy Formations (upper Cretaceous) of northern New Jersey, in Owens, J.P., Sohl, N.F., and Minard, J.P., eds., A field guide to Cretaceous and lower Tertiary beds of the Raritan and Salisbury embayments, New Jersey, Delaware, and Maryland: American Association of Petroleum Geologists-Societyof Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, p. 58-68. Doyle, J.A., and Robbins, E.I., 1977, Angiosperm pollen zonation of the Cretaceous of the Atlantic Coastal Plain and its application to deep wells in the Salisbury embayment: Palynology, v.1, p. 43-78. Jengo, J. W., 1999, Hydrostratigraphy of the Cretaceous-age Potomac, Raritan, Magothy, and Merchantville Formations and Holocene-age Delaware River alluvium, Gloucester County, New Jersey: Northeastern Geology and Environmental Science, v. 21, no. 3, p. 148-179. Kennedy, W. J., and Cobban, W. A., 1994, Ammonite fauna from the Wenonah Formation (Upper Cretaceous) of New Jersey: Journal of Paleontology, v. 68, no. 1, p. 95-110. Owens, J.P., Sohl, N.F., and Minard, J.P., 1977, A field guide to Cretaceous and lower Tertiary beds of the Raritan and Salisbury embayments, New Jersey, Delaware, and Maryland: American Association of Petroleum Geologists-Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, 113 p. Owens, J. P., Sugarman, P. J., Sohl, N. F., Parker, R. A., Houghton, H. F., Volkert, R. A., Drake, A. A., Jr., Orndorff, R. C., 1998, Bedrock geologic map of central and southern New Jersey: U. S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map I-2540-B, scale 1:100,000. Stanford, S. D., 2004, Surficial geology of the Camden and Philadelphia quadrangles, Camden, Gloucester, and Burlington counties, New Jersey: N. J. Geological Survey Open-File Map OFM 60, scale 1:24,000. Sugarman, P. J., Miller, K. G., Burky, D., and Feigenson, M. D., 1995, Uppermost Campanian-Maestrichtian strontium isotopic, biostratigraphic, and sequence stratigraphic framework of the New Jersey Coastal Plain: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 107, p. 19-37. Wolfe, J. A., 1976, Stratigraphic distribution of some pollen types from the Campanian and lower Maestrichtian rocks (upper Cretaceous) of the Middle Atlantic States: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 977, 18 p. Wolfe, J. A., and Pakiser, H. M., 1971, Stratigraphic interpretations of some Cretaceous microfossil floras of the middle Atlantic states: U. S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 750B, p. B35-B47. Woolman, Lewis, 1897, Stratigraphy of the Fish House black clay and associated gravels: N. J. Geological Survey Annual Report for 1896, p. 201-254. POTOMAC FORMATION--Quartz sand, fine to very coarse-grained, and clay and silt, thin- to thick-bedded; minor granule to cobble gravel. Sand is white, yellow, light-gray where weathered, gray where unweathered. Clay and silt are white, yellow, brown, reddish-yellow where weathered, less commonly gray to black where unweathered. Unweathered clay and silt less common than in Magothy Fomation. As much as 280 feet thick. Sand includes some lignite, and minor feldspar and mica. Silt and clay beds include abundant mica and carbonaceous material. The Potomac Formation in the map area is equivalent to the Potomac Formation, unit 3 (Doyle and Robbins, 1977), based on pollen (Wolfe and Pakiser, 1971; Owens and others, 1998), and is of Late Cretaceous (early Cenomanian) age. Unconformably overlies Cambrian and Late Proterozoic bedrock. Volkert, R. A., Drake, A. A., Jr., Sugarman, P. J., 1996, Geology, geochemistry, and tectonostratigraphic relations of the crystalline basement beneath the Coastal Plain of New Jersey and contiguous areas: U. S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1565-B, 48 p. 7-538 31-62 -138 CZu zone III 7-47 Kml Kw Kmt Ket Kwb Kmv Kmg Kp3 CZu 100 0 -100 -200 -300 ELEVATION (feet) VERTICAL EXAGGERATION 20X Kmg Kp3 surficial deposits 31-19765 Kmv BIG TIMBER CREEK 31-18822 surficial deposits Kmg Kp3 CZu NEWTON CREEK surficial deposits 31-9421 surficial deposits COOPER RIVER Kp3 CZU Kmg surficial deposits 7-547 31-18944 BEND IN SECTION, SECTION BB' surficial deposits RIVER ROAD Kmg Kp3 NJ ROUTE 73 BEND IN SECTION 31-14869 7-539 31-14568 7-538 BEND IN SECTION CZu surficial deposits Kp3 CZu PENNSAUKEN CREEK 31-2-312 100 0 -100 -200 -300 A' A B' 100 0 -100 -200 -300 Ket Kwb Kmv Kmg Kp3 surficial deposits surficial deposits 31-37787 Kmv Kmg Kp3 surficial deposits BEND IN SECTION 7-320 31-4642 Kmg Kp3 surficial deposits SECTION AA' 7-547 31-18944 CZu surficial deposits 31-27047 water water B 100 0 -100 -200 ELEVATION (feet) -300 VERTICAL EXAGGERATION 20X DELAWARE RIVER BACK CHANNEL US ROUTE 130 NJ ROUTE 38 NJ ROUTE 70 CZu Kp3 Kmg Kmv Kwb Ket Kmt Kw Kml UNCONFORMITY UNCONFORMITY UNCONFORMITY UNCONFORMITY Campanian Santonian Cenomanian Late Proterozoic-Cambrian Late Cretaceous CORRELATION OF MAP UNITS

Transcript of NJDEP - NJGS - Open-File Map OFM 61, Bedrock Geology of ... · PDF fileKmv Kwb Kwb Kp3 Kmg...

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BEDROCK GEOLOGY OF THE CAMDEN AND PHILADELPHIA QUADRANGLES,CAMDEN, GLOUCESTER, AND BURLINGTON COUNTIES, NEW JERSEY

byScott D. Stanford1, Peter J. Sugarman1, and James P. Owens2

2004

DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTIONLAND USE MANAGEMENTNEW JERSEY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

BEDROCK GEOLOGY OF THE CAMDEN AND PHILADELPHIA QUADRANGLESCAMDEN, GLOUCESTER, AND BURLINGTON COUNTIES, NEW JERSEY

OPEN-FILE MAP OFM 61

Prepared in cooperation with theU. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

NATIONAL GEOLOGIC MAPPING PROGRAM

40o00'2'30"FRANKFORD

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75o07'30"10'WOODBURY 5' 2'30" 75o00'RUNNEMEDE

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Geology mapped 2000-2001Base from U. S. Geological Survey Camden and Philadelphia quadrangles, 1967, photorevised 1973

1New Jersey Geological Survey2U. S. Geological Survey

INTRODUCTION

Bedrock of the Camden and Philadelphia quadrangles includes unconsolidated Coastal Plain formations that overlie metamorphic basement rocks. The Coastal Plain formations include sand, clay, and glauconite clay laid down in coastal, nearshore marine, and continental shelf settings between 95 and 75 million years ago. The underlying metamorphic rocks are much older and were originally laid down as sediments between 700 and 550 million years ago, and later compressed and deformed several times. The lithology and age of the formations are provided in the Description of Map Units. Age relations are also summarized in the Correlation of Map Units. Sections AA' and BB' show the subsurface geometry of the formations along the line of section. Further detail on the regional stratigraphy of the Coastal Plain formations is provided by Owens and others (1998). Surficial deposits of Pliocene andQuaternary age overlie the Coastal Plain formations in most of the maparea. The surficial deposits are mapped by Stanford (2004).

DESCRIPTION OF MAP UNITS

MOUNT LAUREL FORMATION--Quartz sand, slightly glauconitic, medium-grained. Yellowish-brown to reddish-yellow where weathered, gray where unweathered. As much as 20 feet thick in map area. Contains traces of feldspar, mica, and phosphate pellets. Late Cretaceous (late Campanian) in age based on nannoplankton (Sugarman andothers, 1995). Grades downward into the Wenonah Formation.

WENONAH FORMATION--Quartz sand, micaceous, slightly glauconitic, fine to very fine grained. Yellow to very pale brown where weathered, gray to pale-olive where unweathered. As much as 50 feet thick. Contains traces of carbonaceous material. Late Cretaceous (late Campanian) in age based on pollen (Wolfe, 1976) and ammonite fossils (Kennedy and Cobban, 1994). Grades downward into the Marshalltown Formation.

MARSHALLTOWN FORMATION--Quartz glauconite clayey sand, fine- to medium-grained. Olive to dark gray where unweathered, brown to olive-brown where weathered. As much as 20 feet thick. Contains traces of feldspar, mica, finely disseminated pyrite, and phosphatic fragments. Late Cretaceous (middle Campanian) in age, based on nannoplankton (Sugarman and others, 1995). Unconformably overlies the Englishtown Formation.

ENGLISHTOWN FORMATION--Quartz sand, fine to coarse-grained, with thin beds of clay and silt. Sand is white, yellow, and light-gray where weathered, gray where unweathered. Silt and clay are light-gray to brown where weathered, dark-gray to black where unweathered. As much as 70 feet thick. Sand contains some lignite and mica and minor amounts of glauconite; mica, carbonaceous matter and pyrite are common in the clays. Late Cretaceous (early Campanian) in age, based on pollen (Wolfe, 1976). Grades downward into the WoodburyFormation.

WOODBURY FORMATION--Clay with minor thin beds of very fine quartz sand. Dark gray and black where unweathered, yellowish-brown to brown where weathered. As much as 80 feet thick. Clay is micaceous with some pyrite and carbonaceous material and traces of glauconite. Late Cretaceous (early Campanian) in age based on pollen (Wolfe, 1976). Grades downward into the Merchantville Formation.

MERCHANTVILLE FORMATION--Glauconite clay. Olive, dark gray, black where unweathered, olive-brown to yellowish-brown where weathered. As much as 50 feet thick. Glauconite occurs primarily in soft grains of fine-to-medium sand size. Sand fraction is chiefly quartz; feldspar, mica, and pyrite are minor constituents. Iron cementation is common. Late Cretaceous (early Campanian) in age based on ammonite fossils (Owens and others, 1977). Unconformably overlies the Magothy Formation.

MAGOTHY FORMATION--Quartz sand, fine to very coarse-grained, and clay and silt, thin-bedded. Sand is white, yellow, light-gray where weathered, gray where unweathered. Clay and silt are white, yellow, brown, reddish-yellow where weathered, gray to black where unweathered. As much as 120 feet thick. Sand includes some lignite, pyrite, and minor feldspar and mica. Silt and clay beds include abundant mica and carbonaceous material. Late Cretaceous (Santonian) in age based on pollen (Wolfe and Pakiser, 1971; Christopher, 1977). Unconformably overlies the Potomac Formation.

PRE-CRETACEOUS METAMORPHIC ROCKS--Chiefly schist. Upper 10-150 feet is commonly weathered to a micaceous clayey saprolite. Of Late Proterozoic and Cambrian age. Includes the Wissahickon Formation and related rocks of the Potomac-Philadelphia-Hartland terrane (Volkert and others, 1996). In subsurface only.

MAP SYMBOLS

Contact--Approximately located. Solid triangle indicates contact observed in outcrop.

Formation observed in outcrop, excavation, or hand-auger hole.

Formation formerly observed in outcrop or excavation (Woolman, 1897;Bascom and others, 1909; field notes on file at N. J. Geological Survey) but no longer exposed.

Well with gamma log--Used to construct section. Numbers of the form 7-xxx are U. S. Geological Survey Ground Water Site Inventory identification numbers. Numbers of the form 31-xxxx are well permit numbers issued by the N. J. Department of Environmental Protection, Bureau of Water Allocation.

Well or boring penetrating pre-Cretaceous basement--Upper number is identifier, lower number followed by "CZu" is elevation of base of Cretaceous in feet below sea level. Where the Magothy-Potomac contact is penetrated, the elevation (in feet below sea level) of the contact is indicated between the unit symbols. Identifiers of the form 31-xxxx are well permit numbers issued by the N. J. Department of Environmental Protection, Bureau of Water Allocation. Identifiers prefixed by W, E or B are bridge borings provided by the Delaware River Port Authority. Identifiers prefixed by WM are bridge borings from Woolman (1897). Identifiers prefixed by GH are from Jengo (1999).

Pollen zone--Circle indicates approximate location of sample (Wolfe and Pakiser, 1971).

Well with gamma log--On sections. Intensity of gamma radiation increases to right.

REFERENCES

Bascom, F., Clark, W. B., Darton, N. H., Kummel, H. B., Salisbury, R. D., Miller, B. L., and Knapp, G. N., 1909, Description of the Philadelphia district: U. S. Geological Survey Geologic Atlas 192, 23 p.

Christopher, R.A., 1977, Selected Normapolles pollen genera and the age of the Raritan and Magothy Formations (upper Cretaceous) of northern New Jersey, in Owens, J.P., Sohl, N.F., and Minard, J.P., eds., A field guide to Cretaceous and lower Tertiary beds of the Raritan and Salisbury embayments, New Jersey, Delaware, and Maryland: American Association of Petroleum Geologists-Societyof Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, p. 58-68.

Doyle, J.A., and Robbins, E.I., 1977, Angiosperm pollen zonation of the Cretaceous of the Atlantic Coastal Plain and its application to deep wells in the Salisbury embayment: Palynology, v.1, p. 43-78.

Jengo, J. W., 1999, Hydrostratigraphy of the Cretaceous-age Potomac, Raritan, Magothy, and Merchantville Formations and Holocene-age Delaware River alluvium, Gloucester County, New Jersey: Northeastern Geology and Environmental Science, v. 21, no. 3, p. 148-179.

Kennedy, W. J., and Cobban, W. A., 1994, Ammonite fauna from the Wenonah Formation (Upper Cretaceous) of New Jersey: Journal of Paleontology, v. 68, no. 1, p. 95-110.

Owens, J.P., Sohl, N.F., and Minard, J.P., 1977, A field guide to Cretaceous and lower Tertiary beds of the Raritan and Salisbury embayments, New Jersey, Delaware, and Maryland: American Association of Petroleum Geologists-Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, 113 p.

Owens, J. P., Sugarman, P. J., Sohl, N. F., Parker, R. A., Houghton, H. F., Volkert, R. A., Drake, A. A., Jr., Orndorff, R. C., 1998, Bedrock geologic map of central and southern New Jersey: U. S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map I-2540-B, scale 1:100,000.

Stanford, S. D., 2004, Surficial geology of the Camden and Philadelphiaquadrangles, Camden, Gloucester, and Burlington counties, New Jersey:N. J. Geological Survey Open-File Map OFM 60, scale 1:24,000.

Sugarman, P. J., Miller, K. G., Burky, D., and Feigenson, M. D., 1995, Uppermost Campanian-Maestrichtian strontium isotopic, biostratigraphic, and sequence stratigraphic framework of the New Jersey Coastal Plain: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 107, p. 19-37.

Wolfe, J. A., 1976, Stratigraphic distribution of some pollen types from the Campanian and lower Maestrichtian rocks (upper Cretaceous) of the Middle Atlantic States: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 977, 18 p.

Wolfe, J. A., and Pakiser, H. M., 1971, Stratigraphic interpretations of some Cretaceous microfossil floras of the middle Atlantic states: U. S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 750B, p. B35-B47.

Woolman, Lewis, 1897, Stratigraphy of the Fish House black clay and associated gravels: N. J. Geological Survey Annual Report for 1896, p. 201-254.

POTOMAC FORMATION--Quartz sand, fine to very coarse-grained, and clay and silt, thin- to thick-bedded; minor granule to cobble gravel. Sand is white, yellow, light-gray where weathered, gray where unweathered. Clay and silt are white, yellow, brown, reddish-yellow where weathered, less commonly gray to black where unweathered. Unweathered clay and silt less common than in Magothy Fomation. As much as 280 feet thick. Sand includes some lignite, and minor feldspar and mica. Silt and clay beds include abundant mica and carbonaceous material. The Potomac Formation in the map area is equivalent to the Potomac Formation, unit 3 (Doyle and Robbins, 1977), based on pollen (Wolfe and Pakiser, 1971; Owens and others, 1998), and is of Late Cretaceous (early Cenomanian) age. Unconformably overlies Cambrian and Late Proterozoic bedrock.

Volkert, R. A., Drake, A. A., Jr., Sugarman, P. J., 1996, Geology, geochemistry, and tectonostratigraphic relations of the crystalline basement beneath the Coastal Plain of New Jersey and contiguous areas: U. S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1565-B, 48 p.

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feet

)

VERTICAL EXAGGERATION 20X

Kmg

Kp3

surficial deposits

31-1

9765

Kmv

BIG

TIM

BE

R C

RE

EK

31-1

8822

surficial deposits Kmg

Kp3

CZu

NE

WTO

N C

RE

EK

surficial deposits

31-9

421

surficial deposits

CO

OP

ER

RIV

ER

Kp3

CZU

Kmg

surficial deposits7-54

731

-189

44

BE

ND

INS

EC

TIO

N,

SE

CT

ION

BB

'

surficial deposits

RIV

ER

RO

AD

Kmg

Kp3

NJ

RO

UT

E 7

3

BE

ND

INS

EC

TIO

N

31-1

4869

7-53

931

-145

68

7-53

8B

EN

D IN

SE

CT

ION

CZu

surficial deposits

Kp3

CZu

PE

NN

SA

UK

EN

CR

EE

K

31-2

-312

100

0

-100

-200

-300

A'A

B'100

0

-100

-200

-300

Ket

Kwb

Kmv

Kmg

Kp3

surficial depositssurficial deposits31

-377

87

Kmv

Kmg

Kp3

surficial deposits

BE

ND

INS

EC

TIO

N7-

320

31-4

642

Kmg

Kp3

surficial deposits

SE

CT

ION

AA

'

7-54

731

-189

44

CZu

surficial deposits

31-2

7047

waterwater

B100

0

-100

-200

EL

EVA

TIO

N (

feet

)

-300VERTICAL EXAGGERATION 20X

DE

LA

WA

RE

RIV

ER

BA

CK

CH

AN

NE

L

US

RO

UT

E 1

30

NJ

RO

UT

E 3

8

NJ

RO

UT

E 7

0

CZu

Kp3

Kmg

Kmv

Kwb

Ket

Kmt

Kw

Kml

UNCONFORMITY

UNCONFORMITY

UNCONFORMITY

UNCONFORMITY

Campanian

Santonian

Cenomanian

Late Proterozoic-Cambrian

Late Cretaceous

CORRELATION OF MAP UNITS