Nisha Kata Kadi

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Nishakathakadi Kashaya An Analysis Dr.Sreekala.V.K 1 st PG Rasasastra

Transcript of Nisha Kata Kadi

Page 1: Nisha Kata Kadi

Nishakathakadi KashayaAn Analysis

Dr.Sreekala.V.K 1st PG

Rasasastra

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Contents• Introduction• Drugs of Nishakathakadi• Samprapti of Prameha• Diabetes Mellitus brief pathology• Treatment principle of Prameha• Pharmacological action of each drug in

Prameha• Conclusion

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Nishakathakadi Kashaya

• “Nishakathaka nellikka , Thechi pachotti bhadrika, Ekanayaka ramachamebhihi , Kwathah pramehaha” - Sahastrayogam

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Synonyms Botanical Name Family

1.Haridra Nisha,Gauri,Rajani,Varangi

Curcuma longa Zingiberaceae

2.Kathaka Ambuprasadafala,Chakshushya,Nirmala,Chedani, Katha

Strychnos potatorum

Loganaceae

3.Amalaki Vayastha,Dhathri,Vrishya,Shivam

Embilica officinalis

Euphorbiaceae

4.Paranti Raktala,Patali Ixora coccinia Rubeaceae

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5.Lodhra Sthulavalka,Tilvaka,Kramuka,Tilva

Symplocos racemosae

Symplocacea

6.Bhadrika Gorakshaganja, Kuranda

Aerva lanata Amarantheacea

7.Ekanayaka SaptachakraSvarnamula

Salacia chinensis

Celastraceae

8.Usheera Samagandhika,Ranapriya,Virana,Sevya

Vetiveria zizanioides

Poeceae

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Rasa Guna Veerya Vipaka Prabhav

1.Haridra TiktaKatu

LaghuRuksha

Ushna Katu

2.Kathaka Katu,Kashay, Tikta

LaghuVishada

Sheeta Katu Chakshushya

3.Amalaki Amla,Pancharasa

Ruksha,Guru,Sara

Sheeta Madhura Rasayan

4.Paranthi Kashaya Tikta

Laghu Sheeta Katu

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6.Bhadrika TiktaKashaya

LaghuTeeksha

Ushna Katu Ashmaribheda

7.Ekanayak Kashaya,Tikta

Ruksh,Laghu,Teeksna

Ushna Katu Pramehahara

8.Ushira Tikta,Madhura

RukshaLaghu

Sheeta Katu

5.Lodhra Kashaya RukshaLaghu

Sheeta Katu Chakshushya

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Dosha Dhatu Mala Agni Srothas Others

1.Haridra KV-haraP-shama

Medohara

Mutrasangahara

Doshapacana

MutraMedo

Pramehahara

2.Kathaka K-haraV-shama

Lekhana MutrajankaMutra doshgna

Pachana Mutra,Udaka

Pramehahara,

3. Amalaki VPK-haraP-hara

Medohara

Mutrala,Mutra doshgna

Deepana

MutraUdakaMedovah

Pramehahara

4.Paranti P-haraK-shaman

Deepana

RasaUdaka

Vrnaropana

Action of drugs on dosh dushyas…

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Cntd….. Dosha Dhatu Mala Agni Srothas Others

5.Ekanayaka

KaphaPitta hara

Mutra sangrahana

Deepana

Mutravaha srotas

Pramehahara

7. Bhadrika

KV-hara MutralaMutra krichrgna

Deepana

Mutravaha

Ashmaribhedana

8.Ushuir K P hara Mutrajanan

Pachana MutravahaUdakavaha

Durgandhahara,Rakta shodhan

6. Lodhra KP-shama

Medohara

Pachana MedoUdaka

Sandhana

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Prameha

2

Sahaja Apathyaja Krisha Sthula Beejadoshaja Ahitaharaja Type I or IDDM Type II or NIDDM

“Tatra sahajo matru pitru beeja doshakrutam Ahitaharajo apthyanimittaja…………………… “ S.Chi

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Apthyaja prameha nidana

• Charaka : “….prameha hetu kaphakrit cha sarvam”

• Vagbhata : “Medo mutra kaphavaham anna pana kriya jatam yat prayastat pravartakam”

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Doshas in Prameha

“Kapha sapitta pavanasch doshah, Medo asrashuklambu vasa lasika, Majja rasauja pishitascha dushya Pramehinam vimshatireva mehah” Ch .Chi Dosha involved : Vatha Pitta Kapha

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Dushyas in prameha:

1. Medas2. Asruk3. Shukla4. Ambu5. Vasa6. Lasika

7.Majja8. Rasa9. Oja10. Pishita

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Pathogenesis of Prameha

“Vastimasritya kurute pramehan dushitah kapha Dushayitva vapuh kleda sveda medo rasamisham.. A.H.Ni 10

Kapha Nidana Meda Kleda Increased Mamsa etc vridhi mutra / prameha vitiation

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Cntd…

“ Pittam raktamapi ksheene kaphadau mutra samsraya “

AH Ni 10

Pitta & Rakta reach vasti Pitta prameha

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Cntd…

“ Dhatun vastimupaneeya tat kshaye api cha

marute.”AH Ni 10

Vasa Vata + Majja reach vasti V prameha Oja

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Samprati as per Susruthacharya• “Tasya chaivam pravrittasyaparipakva eva vatha

pitta sleshmano, Yada medasa sahaikatvamupetya mutravahi

srotamsyanusritya adhogatva Vastermukhamasritya nirbhidyante tada

pramehan janayanti….”Su.Ni 6

Apakva reaching PrmehaNidana V ,P, K + Meda vastimukha

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Symptoms of Prameha• Prime symptoms : “Samanyam lakshanam tesham prabhutavila mutrata….. “ & “ ……….madhuryasch tanoratah “

-polyurea -turbidity of urine -sweetness

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Supervening Symptoms of Prameha

• Keshajatileebhava• Asyamadhurya• Karapada daha • Suptata• Mukhatalukanta

shosha• Pipasa• Alasya• Kayachidreshu

maloparodha

• Paridaha• Shatpad pipeelika

shareera mutrabhisarana

• Visra gandha• Nidratandra sarvakale• Daurbalya• Avipaka• Putimamsapidaka• Arochaka

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Diabetes Mellitus

• Inability of the body to make appropriate use of glucose in blood as a result of either:

-insufficient insulin or -deficient functioning of insulin.• Pathologically 2 types: -Type I or IDDM -Type II or NIDDM: 2types - Obese -Non obese

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Modern etiology of Diabetes mellitus

• Primary cause : Genetic factor• Risk factors : -Obesity Auto immune mech. Infections , Hormonal Surgery Emotional and physical stress• Pancreatic pathology: Pancreatic haemochromatosis, CA, Cystic degeneration, Calcifying fibrosis. Islet cell antibody.

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Symptamatology• Dry mouth • Polydipsia• Polyurea• Polyphagea or loss of appetite• Weakness• Weight loss• Pruritis• Sleep disorders• Decreased working capacity

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Properties requiered in pramehahara bheshaja

“Tatsarvam tikta katukam kashayanurasam saram, katupakyushna veeryam cha shoshanam chedanam tatha.”Su chi 13/8

• Rasa:-Tikta Katu Kashaya• Guna : Sara Shoshana Chedana Rechana

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Cntd….

• Veerya : Ushna - to increase agnibala - improves cell metabolism

• Vipaka : Katu - madhura virudha

• Prabhava : Pramehahara

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Prognosis of Prameha

• Sahaja Prameha : Asadhya• Apathyaja Pramehas : -Kaphaja : Sadhya -Pittaja : Yapya -Vataja : Asadhya

“ Sadhya yapya parityajya mehasteneva tatbhavah Samasama kriyataya mahatyayatayapi cha.”AH Ni

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Treatment Principle of Prameha

• “Sthula pramehi balavan hi ekah , Krishastathaikah paridurbalascha, Sambrumhanam tatra krishasya karyam, Samshodhanam dosha baladhikasya.” 2 types of prameha rogis

Sthula [K,P ] Krisha [ V ] Samshodhana Sambrimhanam

Apatarpana Samana

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cntd…… indication for kashaya

• “Samshodhanam narhati yah pramehi Tasya kriya samshamani prayojya, Mantha kashaya yavachurna lehah Prameha shantyaih laghavascha bhakshya.”

Ch.Chi6/17

• “Tato anubandha rakshartham shamanani prayojaet.” A.H Ch 12/4

• “Asamshodhyasa tanyeva sarva meheshu pachayet.”A.H Ch

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Haridra• “Haridra tu rase tikta rukshoshna visha kustanut, Mehakandu vranan hanti deha varnvidhayini, Vishodhini krimihara peenasa aruch nashini.” Dhn.Ni Rasa- Tikta, Katu Guna- Laghu, Ruksha Veerya- Usha Vipaka- Katu Part used - Rhizome

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Haridra in Ayurvedic Literature • Charaka : Lekhaneeya Dashaimani Kushtaghna Dashaimani Vishaghna Dashaimani Tikta Skanda Shirovirechana• Susruth : Haridradi gana Mustadi gana Lakshadi gana• Vagbhata : Vachaharidradi gana

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Action of Haridra on Prameha• Dosha – Kaphahara• Dhathu - Medohara• Mala – Mutrasangrahana• Agni- Vardhana• Srotas - Mutravaha , Medovaha• Karmas – Pramehahara Kanduhara Krimihara Pachana Lekhana

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Chemical constituents and actions

Constituents:• Essential oils• Resin• Alkaloid• Turmerol• Caponic acid• Curcumin

Actions :• Lowers blood glucose level• Antimicrobial and detoxifier• Anthelmintic• Hastens wound healing• Antioxidant• Improves circulation• Prevents atherosclerosis• Improves cholesterol level• Tonic

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Kathakam “Kathakam sheethalam prahustrushna

vishavinashana, netrotharogavidhvamsi vidhinaanjanyogataha, kathakasya phalam tiktam chakshushyam

sheetalam mridu, variprasadanam krichram sharkarashmarim

jayet.” Dh. Ni

Kai.Ni - …vathakrin mehanashanam.”

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Pharmacological properties1. Rasa - Tikta, Katu, Kashaya2. Guna – Laghu, Vishada3. Veerya – Sheeta4. Vipaka – Katu

Part used – Fruit

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Kathaka in Ayurvedic Literature

• Charaka – Vishaghna dashaimani• Susrutha – Parushakadi gana• Vagbhata – Parushakadi gana

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Action of Kathaka on Prameha

• Dosh – Kaphhara,Vatashamana• Dushya – Lekhana• Mala – Mutradoshahara• Agni – Deepana• Srotas – Mutravaha, Udakavaha• Karmas – Pipasaghna Ashmaribhedana Vishahara Pramehahara

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Chemical constituents and actionsof Kathaka

Constituents• Brucine• Albuminous principle

Actions• Antidabetic• Diuretic• Tonic

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Amalaki• “ Amlam samadhuram tikta kashayam katukam saram, Chakshushyam sarvadoshaghnam vrishyamamalakiphalam, Hanti vatam tadamlatvat pittam madhuryashaityataha Kapham ruksha kashayatvat phalebhyoadhikam cha tat.” Su.Su 46

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Pharmacological Properties of Amalaki

• Rasa – Pancharasa , Amlapradhana• Guna – Guru, Ruksha, Sara• Veerya – Sheeta • Vipaka – Madhura • Prabhava – Rasayana

Part Used – Fruit

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Amalaki in Ayurvedic Literature• Charaka : Kushtaghna dashaimani Virechanopaga dashimani Kasahara dashaimani Jvarahara dashaimani Vayasthapana dashaimani• Susrutha : Mushkakadi gana Parushakadi gana Musthadi gana Trifala Amalakyadi gana

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Pramehahara action of Amalaki• Dosha – Tridoshaghna, Pittahara• Dushya – Medoghna , Vrishya • Mala – Mutradoshahara • Agni – Deepana • Srotas – Medovaha, Mutravaha• Karmas – Mehahara Aruchihara Chakshushya Pipasaghna

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Chemical constituents and actions Constituents• Gallic acid• Tannic acid• Albumin• Calcium• Vit .C• Phosphorus• Iron• Nicotinic acid

Actions• Diuretic• Potent antioxidant• Immunomodulatory• Antistress• Prevent liver fibrosis

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Paranti• Rasa – Kashaya, Tiktha• Guna – Laghu• Veery – Sheeta• Vipaka – Katu • Karma – Vrana ropana UdarashoolaharaUseful part : leaves , flowers, rootsSidha System : Extensively used in thirst and Fatigue

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Pramehahara action of Paranti

• Dosha – Pittahara,Kaphashamana• Dushya – Rasa• Mala - • Agni - Pachana• Srotas – Rasavaha, Udakavaha • Karmas – Vranaropana Tvagrogahara

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Chemical constituent and actions

Constituents• Alkaloids• Flavanoids• Tannin• Saponin• Aromatic acrid oil

Actions• Antimicrobial• Antioxidant• Intestinal antiseptic• Anti inflammatory• Antipyretic

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Lodhra• “ Lodhro grahi laghu sheetha chakshushya kapha pittanut’ Kashayo raktapittasruk jvaratisarashophahrit.” Bh.P• Rasa – Kashaya• Guna – Laghu, Ruksha• Veerya – Sheeta • Vipaka – Katu • Prabhava – Chakshushya • Karma – Sangrahi

Useful Part - Bark

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Lodhra in Ayurvedic Literature• Charaka : Sandhaneeya dashaimani Pureeshasangrahaneeya Shonithasthapana Kashayaskanda• Susrutha : Lodhradi Shyamadi Ambashthadi Nyagrodhadi • Vagbhata : Priyangvambashtadi Nyagrodhadi

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Prmehahara actions of Lodhra

• Dosha – Kaphapitta shamana• Dushya – Medohara • Mala – Mutrasangrahana • Agni - Deepana• Srotas – Medovaha, Mutravaha• Karmas – Trit daha hara Sandhanakara Stambhana, Dahahara.

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Chemical constituents and actions Constituents• Loturine• Colloturine• Loturidine• Glycosides• Salirepin• Salireposides• Symplocate• Linolic acid

Actions• Antibacterial• Antioxidant• Ophthalmic• Expectorant• Anti inflammatory• Hypothermic

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Bhadrika• “ Gorakshaganja tuvara sathikta laghvi, cha teekshna paramoshnaveerya, kaphartihrit mutravirechaneeya, prabhavato apyashmari nashani.” P.V.Sh

Rasa – Tikta , KashayaGuna – Laghu, TeekshnaVeerya – UshnaVipaka – KatuPrabhava - Ashmarinashana Used Part - Moola

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Pramehahara action of Bhadrika• Dosha – Kaphahara • Dushya - • Mala – Mutravirechaneeya • Agni – Deepana • Srotas – Mutravaha • Karma – Mutravirechaneeya Ashmaribhedana KriminashakaIndian Folk Medicine - Pramehahara

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Chemical constituents and action Constituents• Flavonoids• Aervin• Methylaervin• Aervoside• Aervolanine• Tannins• Saponins

Actions• Antidiabetic• Diuretic• Antimicrobial• Anthelmintic• Anti inflammatory• Hepatoprotective

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Ekanayaka

• “ Saptachakra laghu ruksha Teekshna tikta kashayaka Veeryoshna madhumehaghni, Yakridrogahara param, Rajorodham rajahkrichram, Kapham pittam cha nashayet.” P.V. Sharma

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Pharmacological actions

• Rasa – Kashaya, Tikta• Guna – Laghu, Ruksha, Teekshna• Veerya – Ushna • Vipaka – Katu • Prabhava – Pramehahara

Useful part – Mula

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Pramehahara action of Ekanayaka• Dosha – Kaphapittashamana • Dushya – Rakta • Mala- Sweda• Agni- Deepana• Srotas - Mutravaha• Karma – Madhumehaghni Yakritrogahara

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Chemical constituents and action Constituents• Dulcitol• Mangiferin• Phlobetanin• Glycocydeltannin• Triterpine• Betuline• Salacinol• N-Butanol

Actions• Antihyperglycemic• Alpha glucosidase

inhibitor• Hypotensive• Hepatoprotective

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Usheera

• “ Usheeram pachanam sheetam Stambanam laghu tiktakam, Madhuram jvarahrit vantimadajit kafapittanut, Trishna asra visha visarpa daha krichra vrunapaham.” Bh.P

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Pharmacological properties• Rasa – Tikta, Madhura• Guna – Laghu, Ruksha• Veerya - Sheeta• Vipaka - Katu

Useful part : Mula

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Ushira in Ayurvedic Literature• Charaka – Varnya Stanyajanana Shukrashodhan Chardinighraha Dahaprashamana Angamardaprashamana• Susrutha – Eladigana Sharibadigana Anjanadigana

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Pramehahara action of Ushira• Dosha – Kaphapittahara • Dhathu – Rakta, Shukla• Mala – Mutra • Agni - Deepana• Srotas – Udakavaha• Karma – Pipasahara Dahanashana Svedapanayana

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Chemical constituents and actions

Constituents• Volatile essential oil• Resin• Pigment• Free acid • Lime salt• Oxide of Iron

Actions• Diuretic• Stimulant • Tonic• Diaphoretic• Anthelmintic• Antibacterial (ext)• Cooling

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Conclusion As majority of the drugs of Nishakathakadi Kashaya are – Kaphpittahara Medohara Mutradoshahara Agni vardhana Dahaprashamana & some of them have prameha hara prabhava, hence we can conclude that it can be used as

shamana and pachana in prameha.

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Nishakathakadi Kashaya

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