NISAR: The NISAR-ISRO SAR Mission Making Large Scale … · 2017. 2. 15. · National Park. Shown...
Transcript of NISAR: The NISAR-ISRO SAR Mission Making Large Scale … · 2017. 2. 15. · National Park. Shown...
ã2017CaliforniaInstituteofTechnology.Governmentsponsorshipacknowledged.
NISAR:TheNISAR-ISROSARMission
ForestManagementandMonitoringForestmanagersandagroforestryindustryareinneedofaccurateandtimelydataoverlargeareastoassessforestdevelopmentandprescribeactionsnecessarytoachieveregenerationobjectives.Increasingemphasisonecosystemmanagement,escalatingsilvicultural(e.g.
reforestation)treatmentcosts,evolvingcomputer-baseddecisionsupporttools,anddemandsforgreateraccountabilityhaveproducedsignificantdemandsforspatialdataonforeststructureandproductivityatnationalandsubnationalscalesglobally.
MakingLargeScaleStewardshipofForestResourcesaReality
NISARisdesignedtomonitorglobalforestextentandqualityandtoprovideaccurateandtimelyinformationonforestvolumeandproductsforsustainabledevelopmentandmanagementofecosystemgoodsandservices.
A 21st-Century Global Forest WatchForestecosystemsprovidetimber,fuel,andbioproductsandavarietyofservicesbysequesteringcarbonintheatmosphere,purifyingwaterandair,andmaintainingwildlifehabitat.OneofthegreatestchallengesfacingforestmanagersintheUSandelsewhereintheworldistomaintainthehealthandresilienceoftheforestecosystems.Thisrequiresacoordinatedeffortforsystematicmonitoringofforestcover,volume,andproductivity,todeveloptechniquesandpoliciesforimprovingthestockandsustainableuseofwoodybiomass.
OpticalsatelliteobservationsasinLandsathaveplayedamajorroleinmonitoringtheforestcoverandchangesglobally.But,withtheadventofmodernradartechniquesasinNISAR,frequentanduninterruptedobservationsofforestvolumecanbecomeareliabledataandtoolforforestmanagerstoassessforeststatus.
TheNISARMission–GlobalObservatoryofForestEcosystemsNISARisscheduledtolaunchin2021andwillprovideallweather,day/nightimagingofnearlytheentirevegetationoftheEarth4-5timesamonth,withthecapabilityofmonitoringforestcoverchangegloballyandprovidinginformationonwoodybiomassformostforesttypes.TheNISARmissionwillprovidealltheNISARimageryalongwithNASAproductsandtools,freeofchargetoallcommunities.
L-bandairborneradardatacollectedovertropicalforestsofPapuaNewGuineain2000tocapturethevariationsinforesttypes,biomass,anddegreeofdisturbanceandrecovery.
Photos(clockwise):Flickr:JohanWeiland(CCBY-NC2.0),USFS,Flickr:NeilPalmer/CIAT(CCBY-NC2.0),NASA/GSFCS
ã2017CaliforniaInstituteofTechnology.Governmentsponsorshipacknowledged.
Cont.fromfrontpage
IntheUS,theForestandRangelandRenewableResourcesPlanningActof1974directedtheSecretaryofAgriculturetomakeandkeepcurrentacomprehensiveinventoryforaprospectiveRenewableResourcesAssessmentoftheforestandrangelandsoftheUS.Theseassessmentswerefocusedonanalysisofpresentandanticipateduses,demandfor,andsupplyoftherenewableresources,withconsiderationoftheinternationalresourcesituationandwithastrongemphasisofpertinentsupply,demandandpricetrends.Withincreasingtreatstoforestresourcesfromdroughts,fire,andfragmentations,trackingtheforesthealth,biomassstock,andtangibleproductssuchastimberhasbecomevitaltonationalsecuritybothathomeandglobally.Movingtowardaninclusivemonitoringsystem,thatcanaugmentandenhancethenationalinventorydata,requiresadeparturefromthepastremotesensingofonlytheforestcover.Newactiveremotesensingtechniquesusinglidarandradar,withthe
capabilitytomeasureforestheightandvolumerespectively,highresolutionspatialdataonforeststructureandbiomassdensitycanbereadilyintegratedintheexistingforestinventorysystems.TheupcomingNISARmissionwillcollecthighresolution(25m)imageryofglobalforestsandshrublands30timesperyearwiththeabilitytoobserveforestsweekly.Microwavesignals(L-andS-band,orequivalently,24cmand10cmwavelength)willberecordedanddistributedattimescalesthatarecommensuratewiththeneedofforestryorganizationsandindustryintheU.S.andaroundtheworld.NISARimageswillprovidewall-to-wallinformationthataresensitivetoabovegroundforeststructureandcanbeconvertedtoforestvolumeandbiomassoncecalibratedwiththeforestinventorydata.Themeasurementscollectedevery6dayscanhelpmonitorforestdisturbanceandrecoveryfrombothnaturalandhumansourcesallowingmanagerstoimproveforesthealthandproducts.
NationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration Formoreinformation,visithttp://nisar.jpl.nasa.gov/applications
JetPropulsionLaboratory/CaliforniaInstituteofTechnology/Pasadena,California/www.jpl.nasa.gov
WithanincreaseintheriskoflargefiresacrossmuchoftheUnitedStates,alongwithagrowingvarietyoffueltypesthatresultfromchangesinthelandscapeandmanagementstrategies,therehasneverbeenamorepressingneedforaccurate,cost-efficient,largescalemapsofforestbiomass,fuelloadsandmapsofdisturbanceandrecovery.Emergingremotesensingtechnologiesmayyieldexactlythekindoflargescalemapsneededtomoreaccuratelypredictforestbiomass,fuelloads,firerisk,andfirebehavior.“Thetechnologyisnowtheretouseradartoestimateforestfirefuelload(e.g.branchandstembiomass).Andtheteamrecognizedthatamuchmoreefficient,accurate,andcosteffectiveapproachtosensingforeststructureandfuels—andthenmappingthem—mightlieattheheartofradarremotesensingtechnology,”saidbiologistDonDespain,nowretiredfromtheUSGeologicalSurveyinMontana,whowasinstrumentalingeneratingthefiremanagementplansfortheYellowstoneNationalPark.Shownatrightisthederivedforestvolumefromairborneradardata(AIRSAR)dataovertheYellowStoneNationalPark.NISAR—withsimilarmeasurementswillprovidehigh—resolutionradarimagerytoallowmonitoringchangesofforestvolumeandfuelloadsacrosstheparkontheweeklytimescales.
Radar Imaging of Forest Volume and Disturbance
YellowstoneNationalPark
L-bandairborneradardatacollectedovertheYellowstoneNationalParkin2003wasusedtodevelopmapsofforestvolumeandfirefuelloadtohelpwithparkmanagementandfiresuppressionforimprovingtherecreationalresourcesandrevenues.(Saatchietal.2007).