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oracle Guide v4.5 series

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Contents 5

Contents

Chapter 1: oracle 4.5 7

oracle Overview ........................................................................................................................................................... 7

Installation notes ........................................................................................................................................................ 10

Known issues .............................................................................................................................................................. 11

Chapter 2: oracle Probe Deployment 13

Supported Platforms .................................................................................................................................................. 13

System Requirements ................................................................................................................................................ 13

Software Requirements ............................................................................................................................................. 13

Monitoring System Requirements ............................................................................................................................. 14

Probe Deployment Information ................................................................................................................................. 14

Supported Oracle Versions and Clients ...................................................................................................................... 14

Specific Notes ...................................................................................................................................................... 15

Chapter 3: Upgrades and Migrations 17

Upgrade from Oracle Probe v3.9x to v4.01 or Later .................................................................................................. 17

Chapter 4: oracle Configuration 19

Probe Defaults ............................................................................................................................................................ 19

Probe Configuration Interface Installation ................................................................................................................. 19

Probe Configuration ................................................................................................................................................... 19

The Setup tab ...................................................................................................................................................... 20

The Connections Tab ........................................................................................................................................... 24

The Profiles Tab ................................................................................................................................................... 27

The Templates Tab .............................................................................................................................................. 32

The Status Tab ..................................................................................................................................................... 46

The Groups Tab ................................................................................................................................................... 47

String matching methods ........................................................................................................................................... 49

Chapter 5: QoS Threshold Metrics 51

Checkpoint Metrics .................................................................................................................................................... 51

oracle QoS Metrics .............................................................................................................................................. 52

oracle Alert Metrics Default Settings ......................................................................................................................... 56


Chapter 1: oracle 4.5

This description applies to oracle probe version 4.5.

This section contains the following topics:

oracle Overview (see page 7) Documentation Changes (see page 10) Installation notes (see page 10) Known issues (see page 11)

oracle Overview

The Oracle monitoring probe monitors local or remote Oracle database instances. This probe periodically scans through a configurable set of monitoring profile and run selected Oracle statements for extracting vital information about Oracle servers. The information is presented to the database administrator as alarms and report.

Important! The probe does not modify any tables in Oracle and works with a standard Oracle installation.

The following information is extracted and monitored:

Database Availability

Tablespace Free

Tablespace Allocated Free

Fragmented Segments

Buffer cache-hit ratio

Dictionary cache-hit ratio

Library Cache hit Ratio

User Memory Consumption

Number of rollback segments

Objects that are unable to allocate next extent

Invalid objects in database

Chained rows in database

Datafile Availability

Concurrent Users

oracle Overview

8 oracle Guide

Enqueue Timeouts

Redo Log contention

MTS Response

MTS Wait

SGA Memory Usage

Free SGA Memory

Sort Ratio

Index status

Tablespace Availability

Rollback Segment Availability

Check if next_extent is bigger than available space

Remaining number of extents

MTS UGA memory

User Locks

Number of Locked Users

User Buffer Cachehit Ratio

Session Waits counter

System Statistics

System Statistics Delta

System Waits counter

Database File I/O

Lock Wait Time

Global Cache Service Utilization

Global Cache Consistent Read Timeouts

Global Cache Convert Timeouts

Global Cache Blocks Lost

Global Cache Blocks Corrupt

Average Global Lock Get Time

Fusion Writes Ratio

Number of Long Running Queries

Tablespace Size

oracle Overview


Database Size

Resource Utilization %

Dataguard Status

Dataguard Gap

Dataguard Timegap

Tablespace Temp Free

Active Users

Flash recovery area memory free

Active Connection Ratio

Installation notes

10 oracle Guide

Documentation Changes

This table describes the version history for this document.

Version Date What's New?

4.5 February 2013 Added a checkbox - Skip Privilege Check on the New Connection dialog box of Connections tab.

Added a field - Connection Failure Message on the New Profile dialog box of Profiles tab. The message selected in this field will be visible in the Message Pool list and you can edit it from there.

Added Probe Defaults topic.

4.4 August 2011 Added support for oracle client 11.2 on Solaris Sparc.

Related Documentation

Documentation for other versions of the oracle probe

The Release Notes for the oracle probe

Monitor Metrics Reference Information for CA Nimsoft Probes (http://docs.nimsoft.com/prodhelp/en_US/Probes/ProbeReference/index.htm)

Installation notes

Add the Oracle libraries in the system PATH environment variable and must configure the Oracle client appropriately before installing the Oracle monitoring probe.

Follow these steps for deploying the Oracle monitoring probe:

1. Obtain the latest version of the oracle.zip package from Internet Updates.

2. Install oracle.zip on the computer that has the Oracle client (drag from the Nimbus Archive).

3. Double-click the oracle probe.

The probe property sheet appears.

4. Configure the probe according to your requirements.

5. Update the following environment variables by using the controller GUI or by editing the nimbus script, which is at /etc/init.d.

Restart the robot after updating the nimbus script.

http://docs.nimsoft.com/prodhelp/en_US/Probes/AdminConsole/oracle/ReleaseNotes/index.htm

http://docs.nimsoft.com/prodhelp/en_US/Probes/ProbeReference/index.htm

Known issues

Documentation Changes 11

On Windows platforms:

1. Set the ORACLE_HOME path to the directory where the client is installed. For example, C:\oracle\product\10.2.0\client_1.

On UNIX or Linux platforms:

1. Set the ORACLE_HOME path to the directory where the client is installed. For example, /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/client_1.

2. Set the ORACLE_SID path to the service identifier name that you configured by using the Oracle client.

3. Set the LD_LIBRARY_PATH path to the Oracle library directory. For example, /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/client_1/lib.

Important: The Current Enforcing Mode must be Permissive on Linux Platform.

Follow these steps for setting the Current Enforcing Mode to Permissive:

1. Open SELinux Management.

The SELinux Administration window appears.

2. In the Current Enforcing Mode list, click Permissive.

3. Close the SELinux Administration window.

Known issues

The Oracle RAC system statistics used for 'gc_' checkpoints are starting with Oracle 10.1 no more available. Therefore, these checkpoints will return no value if activated.

On Windows 64bit platform, the probe cannot be installed into the default directory - "Program Files (x86)". A bug in Oracle Client is causing connection errors, if the application home directory names includes special characters, like "(" (Oracle Bug 3807408).

Error ORA-12705 together with log entry "OCIEnvCreate failed with rc = -1" can happen, if environmental variable NLS_LANG is set. Solution is to set this variable to empty space in the controller environment.

On 64 bit Linux, user may get a warning message of insufficient access rights when connection test is performed, even if all the required access rights are provided. The connection can still be used to schedule the profile. Please make sure all the required access rights are provided to the user.

In custom checkpoints, if query tries to fetch data from a table with more than 32 columns, probe will limit the number of columns to 32.


Chapter 2: oracle Probe Deployment

This section contains system requirements and deployment information for the oracle probe.


Supported Platforms (see page 13) System Requirements (see page 13) Software Requirements (see page 13) Monitoring System Requirements (see page 14) Probe Deployment Information (see page 14) Supported Oracle Versions and Clients (see page 14)

Supported Platforms

The oracle probe is supported on the same set of operating systems and databases as the Nimsoft Monitor Server solution. Please refer to the:

Nimsoft Compatibility Support Matrix for the latest information on supported platforms.

Support Matrix for Nimsoft Probes for additional information on the oracle probe.

System Requirements

The oracle probe should be installed on systems with the following minimum resources:

Memory: 2-4 GB of RAM. Probe's OOB configuration requires 256 MB of RAM.

CPU: 3 GHz dual-core processor, 32-bit or 64-bit.

Software Requirements

The oracle probe requires the following software environment:

Nimsoft Monitor Server 5.1.1 or later

Nimsoft robot version 5.23 or later

Java Virtual Machine version 1.6 or later (typically installed with NMS 5.0 and above)

Note: For SOC functionality, NM Server 5.6 or later and UMP 2.5.2 or later is required.

http://support.nimsoft.com/downloads/doc/NMSCompatibility_SupportMatrix_current.pdf

http://support.nimsoft.com/downloads/doc/Platform_Support_Availability_current.pdf

Monitoring System Requirements

14 oracle Guide

Monitoring System Requirements

The oracle probe monitors local or remote Oracle database instances, periodically scans through a configurable set of monitoring profiles, and apply checks to the local or remote Oracle instances.

Probe Deployment Information

There are three ways to distribute archive packages. You can distribute the package within the web-based Admin Console (for supported probes), from within Infrastructure Manager, or use the standalone Nimsoft Distribution application.See Probe Deployment for more information on deploying probes.

Supported Oracle Versions and Clients

The following matrix summarizes client and server combinations that are supported. The probe is built using 10.2.0 libraries.

Server Version

Client Version

11.2.0 11.1.0 10.2.0 10.1.0 9.2.0 9.0.1

11.2.0

11.1.0 #3

10.2.0 #3

10.1.0

9.2.0 #3 #3

9.0.1

Key

Yes Supported

No Not Supported

http://docs.nimsoft.com/prodhelp/en_US/Probes/GettingStarted/1931642.html

Supported Oracle Versions and Clients


Specific Notes

Some notes of the New Probe probe are as follows:

#1 - An ORA-3134 error is correctly reported when attempting to connect to this version.

#2 - There are problems connecting from a 10g client to 9i where one is EBCDIC-based.

#3 - For the connections between 10.2/11.1/11.2 (or higher) and 9.2, the 9.2 end MUST be at 9.2.0.4 or higher. Connections between 10.2 (or higher) and 9.2.0.1, 9.2.0.2 or 9.2.0.3 are not supported.

Chapter 3: Upgrades and Migrations 17

Chapter 3: Upgrades and Migrations


Upgrade from Oracle Probe v3.9x to v4.01 or Later (see page 17)

Upgrade from Oracle Probe v3.9x to v4.01 or Later 1. Custom alarm messages for following checkpoints must be reconfigured.

tablespace_free : Custom alarm messages needs to be modified for b,kb,mb,gb

(free.n replaced with freesp.b)

tablespace_alloc_free : Custom alarm messages needs to be modified for

b,kb,mb,gb (free.n replaced with freesp.b)

database_size : Custom alarm messages needs to be modified for b,kb,mb,gb

(data.n replaced with datasize.b)

memory_usage : Custom alarm messages needs to be modified for b,kb,mb,gb

(mem_used.n replaced with value.b)

sga_memory : Custom alarm messages needs to be modified for b,kb,mb,gb

(memory.n replaced with bytes.b)

sga_memory_free : Custom alarm messages needs to be modified for b,kb,mb,gb

(memory.n replaced with bytes.b)

tablespace_deficit : Custom alarm messages needs to be modified for b,kb,mb,gb

(free.n replaced with free_bytes.b)

mts_uga_memory : Custom alarm messages needs to be modified for b,kb,mb,gb

(memory.n replaced with memory.b)

2. Not all variables from V3 version are supported in Oracle V4.xx version. The reconfiguration of following checkpoints is required, if new QoS or alarms are added or modified either in the template section or in profiles.

buf_cachehit_ratio : $hit_tot, $logical_reads

buf_cachehit_ratio : $hit_tot, $logical_reads

lib_cachehit_ratio : $hit_tot

rollback_segments : $waits_tot, $hitratio_tot

sort_ratio : $sortratio_total

redo_logs : $misses_ratio_tot

buf_cachehit_ratio_users : $hit_tot

dbfile_io : $pctIn_tot, $pctOut_tot

gc_service_util : $cache_tot

gc_av_lock_get_time : $av_time_tot

gc_fusion_wrt_rto : $rto_tot

lock_waits : $tot_t,$count,$time


Chapter 4: oracle Configuration

This section describes the configuration concepts and procedures for setting up the oracle probe.


Probe Defaults (see page 19) Probe Configuration Interface Installation (see page 19) Probe Configuration (see page 19) String matching methods (see page 49)

Probe Defaults

At the time of deploying a probe for the first time on robot, some default configuration will be deployed. For this you have to drag and drop the test template to the profile. These probe defaults could be Alarms, QoS, Profiles and so on which save time to configure the default settings. These probe defaults will be seen on a fresh install, that is no instance of that probe is already available on that robot in activated or deactivated state.

Probe Configuration Interface Installation

The probe configuration interface is automatically downloaded and installed by the Nimsoft Infrastructure Manager when the probe is deployed on a robot.

Probe Configuration

Initial configuration of the oracle probe is done by using the GUI, defining connections and profiles for monitored instances. The probe may be running locally on the database server, or it may be configured to run as a remote client. Every profile will run in its own thread.

Notes:

All windows containing lists are resizable.

Click Apply to activate any configuration modifications done.

Probe Configuration

20 oracle Guide

The Setup tab

The Setup tab contains two sub tabs - General (see page 20) and Message Pool (see page 22). By default, the General sub tab is selected.

The General Tab

This tab allows you to perform the required settings, for example clear alarms on restart of probe, size, log level, and so on.

Probe Configuration


This property-sheet will set the general run-time parameters regarding the oracle probe. The fields in the above dialog are explained below:

Generate status only

Instructs the probe to only generate status and not to issue an alarm when a threshold is breached. Select the Status (see page 46) tab to see the status for the different checkpoints.

Clear alarms on restart

Allows you to clear alarms on restart. By default, this check box is selected.

Alarm severity filter

Sets a filter on which severity levels to be considered as alarms. The oracle probe is capable of checking many areas of the Oracle databases. Some events that are generated are vital and key to the performance and availability of the database. As a database administrator, you may want to pass the important events on to the operations centre or helpdesk, so the event can trigger pagers, email etc. The Alarm severity filter will consider the events matching the selected severity level and higher as alarms, and pass these on whenever the Generate status only option is unchecked. If you select the option as major, then only the messages with severity level as major and upward are considered as alarms.

Status Auto-Update

Allows you to activate/deactivate the status auto-update functionality described below:

The Status Auto-Update parameter (number of seconds) specifies the automatic refresh interval of the Status window on the Status tab. Setting this parameter to a value higher than 0 and then selecting a profile on the Status tab, the status will be automatically be updated every x seconds. The checkpoints of the selected profile will be displayed until selecting another profile.

Note: This parameter is a dialog value - means it is not saved in the configuration file, but in the machine running the dialog (same as for example windows size).

Log Size

s log file to which probe-internal log messages are written. The default size is 100 KB. When this size is reached, the contents of the file are cleared.

Log Level

Sets the level of details written to the log file. Log as little as possible during normal operation to minimize disk consumption.

Probe Configuration

22 oracle Guide

The Message Pool Tab

The Message pool tab contains a list of all available alarm messages. You select messages from this list when editing the properties for a checkpoint.

Right-clicking in the list allows you add, edit, copy, or delete messages.

Follow these steps to add a new message:

1. Right in the message list and select the New option.

The New message dialog is displayed.

2. Specify a message name in the Name field and click OK.

Note: Use the checkpoint name for which you create the alarm message as Name. This helps to find the alarm message, when it is selected in the Properties dialog for the checkpoint.

Probe Configuration


The Edit message screen appears.

3. Select the checkpoint for which you create the alarm message in the Checkpoint drop-down list.

All the variables available for that checkpoint will be listed in the Variables section.

4. Type the message in the Message text box, select the variable(s) you require, and

click the button.

The selected variables get populated in the Message text box.

Note: You can also delete a wrongly-selected variable and then select the required one.

5. Click OK.

The new message now appears in the message pool.

Similarly, you can copy, modify, or delete a message.

Probe Configuration

24 oracle Guide

The Connections Tab

This list contains the various connections to instances that the oracle probe will monitor. You need to specify user name, password and service name you want to use to connect to the instance. The password information is encrypted and placed into the configuration file. A connection can be used by more than one profile.

The list contains one predefined connection that you may modify to your preferences. You may add, edit, delete, and copy connections.

Follow these steps to add a new connection:

1. Right-click in the Connections window and select the New option.

The Add New Connection dialog displays.

Probe Configuration


2. Enter the connection name in the Name field and click OK.

The New Connection dialog displays.

The fields in the above dialog are explained below:

Description

Specifies the short description of the connection.

User ID

Specifies the user id with authorization to read v$...views.

Password

Specifies the valid password.

Probe Configuration

26 oracle Guide

Service name

Specifies service name, as defined in the tnsnames.ora file.

Retry attempts

Specifies the number of attempts the probe should try to repeat connection in case of failure. "0" means only the initial connection will be done.

Retry delay

Specifies the time for which the probe will wait between two connection attempts.

Skip Privilege Check

Check this box for those users who do not have DBA and Select Catalog Role privileges so that custom checkpoints can be created. When you check this box, the two fields - DB Version and Instance become mandatory.

DB Version

Defines the version of the database used for the connection.

Instance

Specifies the instance name to which the connection is to be established.

Note: It is assumed that you should provide valid instance information and database version. Selecting Skip Privilege Check check box, may affect the execution of normal checkpoints which require Select Catalog Role privileges.

A scenario is stated here to explain the purpose of this check box.

Scenario: Suppose User A does not have the Select Catalog Role privileges and want to execute some of the custom checkpoints in the oracle probe. For this, User A creates a connection with correct username and password. To execute those checkpoints, the Skip Privilege Check check box is selected and the correct DB Version and Instance information is provided. Now, the user can create custom checkpoint(s) and execute the checkpoint(s).

3. Enter the required fields as explained above and click OK.

The new connection record gets added.

Similarly, you can copy the details of an existing connection to a new connection, modify, or delete a connection.

Probe Configuration


The Profiles Tab

The list contains a sample profile that you may modify to your preferences. Every profile will run as a separate thread, and multiple profiles can be used to monitor one instance. This way the probe can be configured to deploy available resources the best way and allows independent monitoring of several instances simultaneously.

Icons in the profile list

Green icon in the profile line means the profile is active and running.

Yellow icon means the profile is active but suspended (the Suspend / Resume options in the profile properties dialog allows stopping / starting profile monitoring dynamic, without deactivating /activating the probe).

Black icon shows the profile is inactive.

Right-clicking in the Profiles dialog, you can add, edit, delete, copy, suspend, and resume profiles.

Follow these steps to add a new profile:

1. Right-click in the Profiles dialog and select the New option.

The Add New Profile dialog appears.

Probe Configuration

28 oracle Guide

2. Enter the profile name and click OK.

The New Profile dialog appears.

The upper part of the window shows general profile properties and defaults. At the bottom, you will find a list of available checkpoints. The fields in the above dialog are explained after Step 3.

3. Enter / Select the required fields as explained below and click OK.

The new profile gets added in the list.

Probe Configuration


Description

Specifies the short description of the profile.

Heartbeat

Defines the interval, at which all profile checkpoints schedules will be tested and trigger eventual checkpoint execution. This number should be common denominator to all used check interval values. The higher the value the lower is the profile overhead.

Connection

Defines the connection used in this profile. It has to be defined in Connections dialog before creating a profile.

Check Interval

Specifies the default value for check interval in the profile. Will be used if nothing else is defined in the checkpoint and overwrites the default checkpoint list setting.

Clear message

Specifies the message name for clear alarm.

SQL Timeout

Every checkpoint query run asynchronously. In case the query reaches the SQL timeout, the checkpoint processing will be terminated and the next checkpoint will be started. Alarm is issued.

Message

Defines the message name used for SQL timeout alarm.

Profile Timeout

Defines the maximum processing time for all checkpoints in the profile. If this timeout is reached, the interval processing is finished and the probe waits for next heartbeat to evaluate any checkpoint schedules. Alarm message is issued.

Message

Defines the message name used for profile timeout alarm.

Timeout severity

Defines the severity for timeout messages.

Group

Allows you to select the defined groups from the Groups tab.

Alarm source

Possibility to change the source for issued alarms. If not used, default is assumed (robot IP).

Probe Configuration

30 oracle Guide

Connection Failure Message

When there are some connection related issues, such as DB not connected, then the message selected in this field is displayed.

Note: This message can also be edited in the Message pool tab.

Suspended/Resumed (indicator)

This indicator is green when the profile is activated. The indicator changes to yellow when the profile is suspended and to black when deactivated.

Profile Checkpoints

At the bottom, you will find a list of available checkpoints. When defining a new profile, all checkpoints available (listed under the Checkpoints tab) will be listed here. Select the checkpoints you want for your new profile. The global and default checkpoint settings will be used, unless you modify the settings locally for your profile (see Note below).

Notes:

While defining a profile, you can use two different strategies to handle Checkpoints in a profile.

You can decide to use checkpoint templates dynamic, which means that the checkpoints are defined globally (under the Templates tab) and represent the default settings. Every time you change the template value, it will reflect on all profiles using dynamic templates strategy.

If you want to have specific settings valid just for one profile, you right-click the checkpoint in the list and select Change to static.

Probe Configuration


Now you can double-click the checkpoint to modify the properties, and the settings will be valid for this profile only.

If attempting to modify a template checkpoint in the Profile dialog without changing it to static as described above, you will get a warning as shown below:

Probe Configuration

32 oracle Guide

There can be both template and static checkpoints mixed in one profile. If a checkpoint is managed as static, the checkpoint name will appear in the list with a blue color, and it will be marked as static in the column Type. Therefore, the conclusion is:

Static

To manage the properties for a checkpoint locally, change the checkpoint to static in your profile before modifying it. When modified, the new settings will be valid for this profile only.

Template

To edit the properties for a checkpoint template, double-click the checkpoint in the Profiles list or Templates tab. When modified, the new settings will be valid for all profiles, unless overruled by static settings in the profile.

The Templates Tab

The list contains the predefined set of checkpoints that you may use in your profiles. These checkpoints can be modified as per your preferences.

By default, most checkpoints are active with a reasonable default threshold value. The checkpoint properties may be used in a profile either dynamic, using the template values, or they can be added to the profile and managed static in the profile.

Static

To edit the properties for a checkpoint locally for a profile, right-click the profile in the checkpoints list in the Profiles dialog and change it to static. Then double-click the checkpoint to modify it. When modified, the new settings will be valid for this profile only.

Probe Configuration


Template

To edit the properties for a checkpoint template, double-click the checkpoint in the Profile list or Templates tab. When modified, the new settings will be valid for all profiles, unless overruled by static settings in the profile.

Creating a Custom Checkpoint

This section will familiarize you how to create a custom checkpoint for the oracle probe.

Follow these steps:

1. In the oracle probe GUI, go to the Templates tab. In the grid view, right-click and select Create new from the context menu.

The Add New User Template dialog appears.

2. Enter a name for the custom checkpoint and click OK.

The Edit template checkpoint dialog opens.

3. By default, the General tab opens.

4. Click the Query tab.

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34 oracle Guide

5. Select the required connection from the Connection drop-down list, which displays a list of pre-configured connections, created from the Connections tab.

Note: To edit the connection parameters, click Edit/New which displays the Edit Connection dialog (see Connections tab (see page 24)).

6. Click Test to validate the connection settings.

A confirmation message appears.

Probe Configuration


7. Click OK.

8. In the Query tab of Edit template checkpoint dialog, enter the required query statement in the Query field and click Test to validate the query.

The Query Result dialog appears, displaying the result of the query entered.

9. Click Close.

10. Again in the Query tab of Edit template checkpoint dialog, enter the details as shown and described below:

Probe Configuration

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Checked value

Name of the columns for which reporting should be done.

Condition

Select one of the comparison operators (=, <,>, etc.).

Row identification

Row number for which reporting is done.

Message variables

Click Edit to choose one or more message variables.

Query File

Name of the file to store the query entered in Query field.

11. Click OK.

12. Now, click the General tab of Edit template checkpoint dialog and enter the details as shown below:

Probe Configuration



Description

Indicates the short description of the purpose of the checkpoint.

Active

Activates the checkpoint, if checked.

Condition

Identifies the information, describing how the threshold values are evaluated.

Check Interval

Interval value used for this checkpoint. Every checkpoint can have a different check interval value. Default is taken from the profile definition, if not defined then from the default checkpoint list.

Send Quality of Service

Activates QoS values being send into the QoS database. If not available in a checkpoint, check box is disabled.

QoS List

Clicking this button opens the QoS list, showing the current QoS definitions (default is one definition per checkpoint). Right-clicking in the list lets you add new QoS definitions and copy, edit, or delete an existing QoS definition.

The Edit QoS dialog offers available metrics (numerical variables which could be reported as QoS) and available object variables (if any - to be added to the QoS source). The name of the QoS has to start with the checkpoint name. QoS can be activated/deactivated as usual.

Note: Some of the checkpoints have no QoS possibilities - from these checkpoints the QoS dialog cannot be activated.

Samples

Defines the number of samples which the probe will save to calculate the average value. This average value is compared to the specified alarm threshold value. (See Thresholds (see page 40)).

Setting "Samples = 1", no sampling is done.

Setting "Samples = 3", the average of the 3 last samples will be used.

Setting "Samples = 0" (in profile), number of samples will be taken from the template. If not set there, no sampling is done.

Initially, after the start-up, the probe calculates the average value from the number of available samples. In the first interval the first sample value is used. In the second interval, the average of sample 1 and 2 will be used, and so on.

Note: Many checkpoints calculate an "interval value", therefore in the first interval there is no value at all (no threshold checking).

Use excludes

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38 oracle Guide

If selected, gives you the possibility to add excludes to the "exclude list" to some of the checkpoints (as it does not make sense for all checkpoints).

Using excludes, you can define objects that you do not want to monitor on the checkpoint. The excludes patterns found, if clicking the Excludes list button (see below), will be used for the checkpoint.

Excludes list

Clicking this button opens the Excludes list. This list shows if excludes are defined for the checkpoint. The excludes found in the list will be used for the checkpoint if the Use excludes option (see above) is checked. Right-clicking in the list lets you add new excludes or edit, copy or delete existing excludes.

When adding (or editing) an exclude pattern, a "match expression" dialog is opened, allowing you to edit or define the exclude pattern. Excludes are defined using regular expression patterns. A test button allows you test the exclude pattern defined. This test is possible only for running active profiles and checkpoints. The test uses the status list (on the status tab) as input:

Note: If there are already active excludes, the excluded objects are excluded from the status list BEFORE the test.

When clicking the test button, an exclude test list pops up, showing the result of the test. Red text lines show the objects which would be excluded using the tested pattern.

The "object thresholds" are functioning as an "include list" - it means, if there are special thresholds defined for a special object, this object will always stay in, even if the exclude pattern would eliminate it normally. This is considered also in the test function.

Scheduling

This field allows you to select how to use the schedules settings, if any (see Schedules (see page 42)).

rules

Selecting this option means to run according the rules described in the Schedules settings.

exceptions

Selecting this option means to run except the rules described in the Schedules settings.

Clear message

Specifies the message name used for clear alarm message.

Clear severity

Specifies the severity used for message issued in normal state.

Thresholds/Schedules

For descriptions, see Thresholds (see page 40) and Schedules (see page 42).

Probe Configuration


13. After you have filled the above fields, click QoS List.

The QoS list dialog appears.

14. Right-click in the grid view and select New from the context menu.

The Edit dialog appears, with the name of the checkpoint (Custom-checkpoint in this example).

15. Enter the necessary details such as Name, Description, Unit, Metric, Abbreviation and Max value.

16. Click OK in the Edit dialog and then in the QoS list dialog.

Now, you need to add the thresholds and scheduling information. For this refer Thresholds (see page 40) and Schedules (see page 42).

Probe Configuration

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Thresholds

The thresholds list contains the predefined set of monitoring profiles that you may use in your profiles and that you can modify to your preferences. By default, most profiles are active with a reasonable default threshold value. The threshold values may be defined by modifying checkpoints in the respective profile. Every checkpoint has to have at least one threshold, but there can be additional thresholds defined.

The threshold identification consists of an object name (if applicable), like tablespace name, userid, and so on and a threshold ID, numbered from 0. Threshold values have to be descending or ascending, depending on condition used in a checkpoint, starting with the highest severity threshold condition.

Follow these steps to add a threshold object:

1. In the Thresholds section of the Edit template checkpoint dialog, right-click and select the New option.

The Edit Threshold dialog appears.

Probe Configuration


2. Enter and select the information in the required fields as shown below.


Threshold object name

Specifies the monitoring object name, if applicable or default. Some special

locked_users).

Threshold value

Defines the value used for threshold evaluation.

Current interval value

If invoked from the status report, it contains the last measured value.

Severity

Defines the alarm severity.

Message

Defines the name of message used for threshold alarm.

Message text

Defines the text of the message, containing variables, which will be replaced in run time. If the message text is changed from a profile list, you will be forced to create new message

Variables

Specifies the list of variables available in the checkpoint.

Probe Configuration

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3. After you have entered the information in the Edit threshold dialog, click OK to add the threshold object.

Schedules

You can specify a schedule for the checkpoint to run. A schedule is a definition of an

from/to and date from/to values.

If the schedules list is empty, the checkpoint will be executed in interval matter, 24 hours a day. Additional to it there can be defined number of schedules per checkpoints, which can define additional rules to check interval or exceptions of it. Rules and exceptions cannot be mixed in one checkpoint.

Follow these steps to specify a schedule for the checkpoint:

1. Right-click in the Schedules section of General tab and select New from the context menu.

Probe Configuration


The Schedule ID dialog appears.

Notes:

If only Date from and Time from are defined, first execution can be defined.

Run once will cause the checkpoint to run only once a day in the defined period

2. Click OK.

A confirmation message appears asking you to confirm the modification of the template.

3. Click Yes to continue.

Note: In addition, you can also select the Do not ask this question again checkbox to prevent this message from appearing the next time you modify a template.

4. On clicking Yes, the new checkpoint is added to the Templates tab of the oracle probe GUI.

Probe Configuration

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Edit Checkpoint

The checkpoint properties may be used in a profile either dynamic, using the template values, or they can be added to the profile and managed as static.

To edit the properties for a checkpoint, locally for a profile, you need to change the profile, in the checkpoints list in the Profiles dialog, to static. After modification, the new settings will be valid for this profile only.

Similarly, to edit the properties for a checkpoint template, you need to double-click the checkpoint in the Profile list or Templates tab. After modification, the new settings will be valid for all profiles, unless overruled by static settings in the profile.

Follow these steps to edit a checkpoint:

1. On the Templates tab, double-click the checkpoint to modify.

The Edit template checkpoint dialog appears.

Probe Configuration


2. Perform the required modifications in the upper part of the dialog.

3. Right-click on the threshold object, in the Thresholds section, that you want to modify and select the Edit option.

The Edit threshold dialog displays.

4. Perform the required modifications and click OK. The OK button is disabled till you do not modify any parameter.

The threshold object gets modified.

5. Similarly, you can modify the schedule for the checkpoint in the Scheduling section of the Edit template checkpoint dialog.

6. After the modifications are done, click OK on the Edit template checkpoint dialog.

The Modify template confirmation dialog appears.

7. Click Yes to save the modifications, else click No.

Probe Configuration

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The Status Tab

The status is presented in a hierarchical fashion, with profile name nodes and one or more checkpoint nodes (only active checkpoints are considered here). The highest status is propagated. Select the checkpoint in the navigation tree (to your left) to bring up the corresponding events.

Through the Status dialog, the properties for an individual checkpoint object can also be modified.

Follow these steps:

1. Select a profile and a monitored checkpoint in the left pane.

2. Double-click an object in the right pane. If the object belongs to a template object, you will be warned that a modification will make the checkpoint static for the selected profile.

3. Refer section Editing a checkpoint (see page 44) for further information.

Probe Configuration


The Groups Tab

This tab lets you create multiple groups which can be associated with profiles.

You can add, copy, modify, or delete a group.

Follow these steps to add a group:

1. Right click in the Group tab and select the New option.

The Add New Group dialog appears.

2. Enter a name for the group and click OK.

The New Group dialog appears.

3. Enter a description for the new group in the Description text box.

Probe Configuration

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4. From the Group checkpoints section, select the check box(es) for the check points that you wish to enable for the new group.

String matching methods


5. Click OK.

The new group is now added in the Groups list.

6. The new group can now be selected from the Group drop-down in the Edit Profiles dialog.

Similarly you can copy, modify, or delete a group.

String matching methods

The probe supports two methods of string-matching. The simple method is called pattern matching, and is very similar to the one found in many popular shells (UNIX), and the more powerful one, called regular expressions.


Chapter 5: QoS Threshold Metrics

Many CA Nimsoft Monitor probes ship with the default QoS threshold values set. The default threshold values give an idea of the type of values to enter in the metrics fields. To help in tuning thresholds and reducing false-positive alarms, this section describes the QoS metrics and provides the default QoS thresholds.


Checkpoint Metrics (see page 51) oracle Alert Metrics Default Settings (see page 56)

Checkpoint Metrics

There are five kind of metrics used:

Count

Absolute number of events in the interval. It is calculated as delta between count at the beginning of the interval and at the end. In the first interval, counts are not checked because their interval value cannot be calculated. If there is a "total" value in the message, it means "since the start of the instance".

Gauge

Absolute number, describing the actual state of the system.

Percentage

Calculated percentage, using interval counts. In the first interval, it is calculated from total counts (as the interval count cannot be calculated).

Average

Calculated using interval counts. In the starting interval, it is calculated from absolute counts.

Status

Checkpoint Metrics

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oracle QoS Metrics

This section contains the QoS Metrics for the oracle probe.

QoS Name Units Description

QOS_ORACLE_active_connection_ratio pct Calculated as: (active/total) * 100.

Monitors % of active connections to total allowed connections.

QOS_ORACLE_active_users count Checks for currently active Oracle users

QOS_ORACLE_buf_cachehit_ratio pct Calculated as:

(logical-reads - physical-reads)*100 / physical-reads

Tells, how often data has been found in cache compared to how often it has to be read from the disk.

QOS_ORACLE_buf_cachehit_ratio_users pct Same as buf_cachehit_ratio, only per user. It helps to find a poor query or application.

QOS_ORACLE_check_dbalive State This checkpoint tries to connect to an instance. In case the connection cannot be established, an alert is generated.

Note: This checkpoint cannot be deactivated.

QOS_ORACLE_database_size MB Monitors free space in database and log files in %. Source: Query.

QOS_ORACLE_datafile_status State Reports all files being in other status as 'ONLINE'.

QOS_ORACLE_dataguard_gap Archivefiles Monitors Dataguard Instance Gap

QOS_ORACLE_dataguard_status State Monitors Dataguard Instance Status

QOS_ORACLE_dataguard_timegap Seconds Monitors Dataguard Instance Timegap

QOS_ORACLE_dbfile_io Percent Calculated as:

(Physical-reads / logical-reads) * 100

(Physical-writes / logical-writes) * 100

The higher of the above values is taken for checking. It helps to identify database files with higher I/O contention.

Checkpoint Metrics



QOS_ORACLE_dict_cachehit_ratio Percent Calculated as:

(hits - misses) * 100 / hits

Measures number of times where Oracle metadata are found in memory. It could be low at the start of a new application, before new data is placed into the cache.

QOS_ORACLE_enqueue_timeouts Timeouts Measures number of table and row locks (acquired and converted) that timed-out before they could complete.

QOS_ORACLE_extents Extents Reports tables that have more extents as threshold.

QOS_ORACLE_flash_recovery_area_memory_free

Bytes Monitors flash recovery area memory free

QOS_ORACLE_Gc_av_lock_get_time Milliseconds Measures average interval global lock get time.

QOS_ORACLE_gc_blocks_corrupt Blocks Measures number of blocks corrupted during transfer.

QOS_ORACLE_gc_blocks_lost Blocks Measures number of blocks lost during transfer.

QOS_ORACLE_gc_convert_timeouts Timeouts Measures number of times lock converts in global cache timed out.

QOS_ORACLE_gc_cr_timeouts Timeouts Measures number of times process request for a consistent read block timed out.

QOS_ORACLE_gc_fusion_wrt_rto Percent Calculated as:

Fusion writes / physical writes

Measures percentage of blocks written to disk that have been "global dirty".

High number can result from insufficiently sized caches (SGA) or low checkpoint frequency.

QOS_ORACLE_gc_service_util Percent Calculated as:

Global cache service requests / logical reads

Measures global cache utilization.

High number can result from insufficient cache size (SGA). Also, it can indicate inappropriate spread of data and applications in the RAC configuration.

Checkpoint Metrics

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QOS_ORACLE_lib_cachehit_ratio Percent Calculated as:

(hits misses)*100 / hits

Measures percentage of times object metadata have been found in memory.

This number can be lower at the start of new application. If it is low for several intervals, the SHARED_POOL_SIZE should be increased.

QOS_ORACLE_lock_waits Seconds Measures number of time, user session was waiting for a lock in last interval.

QOS_ORACLE_locked_users Count Measures the number of locked users in an instance and displays their list.

QOS_ORACLE_login_count Users Measures the number of currently active user session except for user "SYS" and "SYSTEM".

QOS_ORACLE_long_queries Count The checkpoint generates two kinds of alarms:

Alarm if number of long queries is higher than threshold (called "count") - this value is also used as QoS.

QOS_ORACLE_memory_usage Bytes Measures total amount of memory (in bytes) user sessions consume (PGA).

QOS_ORACLE_mts_response Milliseconds Monitors the average MTS server response time in ms.

QOS_ORACLE_mts_uga_memory Bytes Monitors the MTS user memory consumption.

QOS_ORACLE_mts_wait Milliseconds Monitors the MTS server wait time in ms.

QOS_ORACLE_resource_utilization_count count Monitors database utilization for resources (Processes, Sessions and Transactions)

QQOS_ORACLE_resource_utilization_percent

Pct Oracle resource utilization percentage

QOS_ORACLE_rollback_seg_status Availability Lists rollback segments which are not

QOS_ORACLE_session_waits Waits Measures number of waits in interval.

QOS_ORACLE_sga_memory Bytes Measures SGA memory usage in bytes by pool.

QOS_ORACLE_sga_memory_free Bytes Measures SGA free memory usage in bytes.

Checkpoint Metrics



QOS_ORACLE_sort_ratio Percent Calculated as:

Memory sorts * 100 / total sorts

Too many disk sorts can cause performance degradation. Check parameter SORT_AREA_SIZE and SORT_AREA_RETAINED_SIZE.

QOS_ORACLE_system_statistics Count Displays available system statistics counters. These counters contain number of events since the instance start.

QOS_ORACLE_system_statistics_delta Count System statistics delta

QOS_ORACLE_system_waits Waits Measures number of system waits by event.

These counters can be used to identify system bottlenecks. Use the table V$SYSTEM_EVENT to find the most "expensive" event.

QOS_ORACLE_tablespace_alloc_free Pct Measures percentage of free space in already allocated files (not considering the AUTOEXTEND parameter).

Note: This checkpoint is set inactive per default.

QOS_ORACLE_tablespace_free Percent Measures percentage of free space in a tablespace, considering the maximal possible tablespace size.

Note: Oracle Enterprise Manager Console does not consider maximum possible tablespace size on most of its screens (status 9i)!

QOS_ORACLE_tablespace_size MB Measures the total tablespace size.

QOS_ORACLE_tablespace_status Availability Lists tablespaces that have status different as

QOS_ORACLE_tablespace_temp_free Bytes Monitors temporary tablespaces for space left

QOS_ORACLE_user_locks Locks Lists user holding a lock.

Helps to identify user, blocking other sessions (checkpoint locked_users).

oracle Alert Metrics Default Settings

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This section contains the alert metrics default settings for the oracle probe.

Alarm Metric Warning Threshold

Warning Severity

Error Threshold

Error Severity Description

Active connection ratio - - 75 Major

Monitors the number of users having an active transaction at the moment of snapshot.

Active users - - 1 Information

Monitors the ratio of active connections to the total allowed connections.

Buff cache hit ratio 95 Warning 75 Major Monitors the buffer cache hit ratio

Buff cache hit ratio users 95 Warning 75 Major

Monitors the user buffer cache hit ratio

Chained rows - - 1 Major Check for chained rows in database

Check db alive - - 1 Major Monitors connectivity to the database instance

Database size - - 100 Information

Monitors space size (in bytes) for each database, logs, and data files together.

Datafile status - - ONLINE Major Monitors the status of the datafiles

Dataguard gap - 10 Major Monitors dataguard instance gap

Dataguard status - - 1 Major Monitors dataguard instance status

Dataguard timegap - - 18000 Major Monitors dataguard instance timegap

DB file IO - - 50 Major Monitors the database file I/O operations

Dict cachehit ratio 90 Warning 75 Major Monitors the dictionary cache-hit ratio

Enqueue timeouts - - 1 Major Monitors number of table and row locks that timed out

Extents - - 10 Major Check for data fragmented segments

Flash recovery area - - 322122547 Major

Monitors flash recovery area memory free

Avg global lock get time - - 30 Major Monitors the average global lock get time (ms)




Warning Severity

Error Threshold


Global lock corrupt - - 1 Major Monitors the global cache blocks corrupt

Global blocks lost - - 1 Major Monitors the global cache blocks lost

Global convert timeouts - - 1 Major Monitors the global cache convert timeouts

Global consistent read timeouts - - 1 Major

Monitors the global cache consistent read timeouts

Global fusion writes ratio - - 30 Major

Monitors the ratio between fusion writes and physical writes

Global service utilization - - 85 Major

Monitors the global cache service utilization

Index status - - VALID Major Monitors the index status

Invalid objects - -

0

1

0

Information

Major

Major Checks for invalid objects in database

Lib cachehit ratio 95 Warning 75 Major Monitors ratio, how often SQL's are found in memory compared to disk

Lock waits - -

1

1

Information

Major Monitors time in seconds, sessions spent waiting for a lock in interval

Locked users - -

1

300

Major

Information

Monitors the number of users suspended by locks within a timeout

Login count - - 1 Information Check for currently running login users

Long queries - -

1

10

Major

Information Monitors the number of long running queries

Memory usage - - 2000000 Major Monitors memory consumption in bytes of Oracle users (PGA)

MTS response - - 10 Information Monitors the MTS server response in ms

MTS UGA memory - - 1 Information Monitors the MTS UGA memory

MTS wait - - 10 Information Monitors the MTS server wait time in ms


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Warning Severity

Error Threshold


No next extents - -

1

1

Information

Major Check for objects that are unable to allocate next extents

Redo logs - - 1 Major Monitors redo log contention

Remaining extents - - 10 Major Check the remaining number of extents

Resource util - - 90 Major

Monitors database utilization for resources (Processes, Sessions, and Transactions)

Rollback seg status - - ONLINE Major Monitors the status of the rollback segments

Roll back segments - - 95 Major Check for sufficient number of rollback segments

Session waits - - 1 Information Monitors the sessions wait counter

SGA memory - - 1 Information Monitors the SGA memory usage

SGA memory free - - 4096 Information Monitors free SGA memory

Sort ratio - - 99 Major Monitors the sort ratio (disk, rows, and memory)

System statistics - - 1 Information Monitors various system statistical counters since last start of instance

System statistics delta - - 1 Information

Monitors delta of various system statistical counters since last start of instance

System waits - - 1 Information Monitors the system wait counters

Tablespace alloc free - - 10 Major Monitors tablespaces for space left in allocated files

Tablespace deficit - -

1

1

Information

Major Check if next extent is bigger than available space

Tablespace free - - 10 Major Monitors tablespaces or space left

Tablespace size - - 1000 Major Monitors tablespaces size in MB

Tablespace status - - ONLINE Major Monitors the status of the tablespaces

Tablespace temp free - - 10000 Major Monitors temporary tablespaces for space left

User locks - -

1

1

Information

Major Monitors the number of active user locks

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