Niit Pre Anim 1

8/4/2019 Niit Pre Anim 1

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VIRTUAL MEMORY

This is about the computational technique. For

the TBN game show, seeVirtual Memory

(game show).

The program thinks it has a large range ofcontiguous addresses; but in reality the parts it

is currently using are scattered around RAM,and the inactive parts are saved in a disk file.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_Memory_(game_show)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_Memory_(game_show)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_Memory_(game_show)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_Memory_(game_show)


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Virtual memory provides two primaryfunctions:

1.Each process has its own address space, thereby notrequired to be relocated nor required to use relativeaddressing mode.

2. Each process sees one contiguous block of free

memory upon launch. Fragmentation is hidden.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relocation_(computer_science)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Addressing_modehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Addressing_modehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fragmentation_(computer)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fragmentation_(computer)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Addressing_modehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Addressing_modehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relocation_(computer_science)


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STORAGE VIRTUALIZATIONS

Storage virtualization refers to the processof separating (through abstraction) logical

storage from physical storage. The term istoday used to describe this separation atany layer in the storage software and

hardware stack.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstraction_(computer_science)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_diskhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_diskhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disk_drivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solution_stackhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solution_stackhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disk_drivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_diskhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_diskhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstraction_(computer_science)


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Meta-data

The virtualization software or device isresponsible for maintaining a consistentview of all the mapping information for

the virtualized storage. This mappinginformation is usually called meta-data

and is stored as a mapping table.


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MEMORY VIRTUALIZATION

Memory virtualization decouples volatile randomaccess memory (RAM) resources from individualsystems in the data center, and then aggregatesthose resources into a virtualized memory poolavailable to any computer in the cluster. Thememory pool is accessed by the operating system

or applications running on top of the operatingsystem.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random_access_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random_access_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random_access_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random_access_memory


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Benefits1. Improves memory utilization via the sharing of

scarce resources2. Increases efficiency and decreases run time

for data intensive and I/O bound applications3. Allows applications on multiple servers to

share data without replication, decreasing total

memory needs4. Lowers latency and provides faster access

than other solutions such as SSD, SAN orNAS

5. Scales linearly as memory resources areadded to the cluster and made available to thememory pool.


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NETWORK VIRTUALIZATION

Network Virtualization is the process ofcombining hardware and software networkresources and network functionality into asingle, software-based administrative entity, avirtual network. Network virtualizationinvolves platform virtualization, often

combined with resource virtualization.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platform_virtualizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platform_virtualizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_network


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Components of a virtual

network1.Network hardware, such as switches and networkadapters, also known as network interface cards (NICs)

2.Networks, such as virtual LANs (VLANs) and containerssuch as virtual machines and Solaris Containers

3.Network storage devices

Network media, such as Ethernet and Fibre Channel
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_adapterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_adapterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VLANhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_machineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solaris_Containershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethernethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibre_Channelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibre_Channelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibre_Channelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibre_Channelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethernethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solaris_Containershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_machineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VLANhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_adapterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_adapter


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Internal and External network

virtualizationSome vendors offer both internal and external networkvirtualization software in their product line. For example,VMware provides products that offer both internal and

external network virtualization. VMware's basic approach isnetwork in the box on a single system, using virtual machinesthat are managed by hypervisor software. VMware thenprovides its VMware Infrastructure software to connect andcombine networks in multiple boxes into an externalvirtualization scenario.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VMwarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VMware_Infrastructurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VMware_Infrastructurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VMware


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VIRTUAL PRIVATE NETWORK

A VPN (Virtual Private Network) is acomputer network that is implemented in anadditional software layer (overlay) on top ofan existing larger network for the purpose ofcreating a private scope of computercommunications or providing a secure

extension of a private network into aninsecure network such as the Internet.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_network


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DESKTOP VIRTUALIZATIONDesktop virtualization is the concept of separating apersonal computerdesktop environment from the physicalmachine through a client-server computing model. Theresulting "virtualized" desktop is stored on a remote centralserver, instead of on the local storage of a remote client;

thus, when users work from their remote desktop client, all ofthe programs, applications, processes, and data used arekept and run centrally, allowing users to access theirdesktops on any capable device, such as a traditional

personal computer, notebook computer, smart phone, or thinclient.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desktop_environmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Client-serverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notebook_computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smartphonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin_clienthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin_clienthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin_clienthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin_clienthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smartphonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notebook_computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Client-serverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Client-serverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Client-serverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desktop_environmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_computer


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ADVANTAGES1. Simpler provisioning of new desktops2. Reduced downtime in the event of server or

client hardware failures

3. Lower cost of new application deployment

4. Desktop image management capabilities

5. Longer refresh cycle for client desktopinfrastructure

6. Secure remote access to the enterprise desktopenvironment


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DISADVANTAGES1. Potential security risks if the network is not properly

managed

2. Some loss of user autonomy and privacy

3. Challenges in setting up and maintaining drivers for

printers and other peripherals4. Difficulty in running certain complex applications such as

multimedia

5. Increased downtime in the event of network failures

6. Complexity and high costs of VDI deployment andmanagement


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DATABASE VIRTUALIZATION

Database virtualization is the decoupling ofthe database layer, which lies between thestorage and application layers within the

application stack. Virtualization at thedatabase layer allows hardware resources tobe extended to allow for better sharing of

resources between applications and users, aswell as enable more scalable computing.


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ADVANTAGES

1. Added flexibility and agility to the existingcomputing infrastructure

2. Enhanced database performance

3. Pool and share computing resources4. Simplify administration and management

5. Increases fault tolerance

6. Provide real-time back-up of importantbusiness data

7. Lower total cost of ownership
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fault-tolerant_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_cost_of_ownershiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_cost_of_ownershiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fault-tolerant_system


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