Nightingale Health Journal (Nov - 2012)

7/30/2019 Nightingale Health Journal (Nov - 2012)

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'óeduynm&SifeJY EdkifiH a&;abm*aA' bd k ;atjzpf ol t

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&eJ Y aiGaMu;qdk if &mbufawG u ae jiif;qdk rI wdkif;[m yuwdt ajctaeawGeJY xif [yf&w,f}

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usef ;rma&;*sme,f trS wf-33? Ed k 0ifbmv? 2012-ckES pf NIGHTINGALE

t&uf onf pG J vrf ;apwwfom rl ;,pfaq;rsm;wG if vlodrsm;qkH;ESifh vlokH;trsm;qkH;pfonf/ t&ufaomufjcif;Mumifh ao;i,faomjyóem

m;r Sonf touftEÅ&m,fckdufEkdifonftxd jyif;xef

om jyóemrsm;uk d jzpf ay:ap wOD;csif;? aomuf ol\ rdm;pkESifh vlYabmifwckvk H;uk dm;vS pG maom qk d ;&G m;onf h enf ;m;jzifh xdckduf avh &S donf/ tuf uk d q,f ausmf ouf rsm;? vl

BuD;r sm;? txl;ojzifh trsdK ;m;rsm; t"du aomuf avh&S dnf/ tcsd KYaom? tenf;i,f

om trsd K;orD;rsm;wGifvnf;

omuf avh aomuf x&S d aMumif ;wGY&onf/ t&uf ukd ukd uif ;?ef;jzL tp&Sdonfh tjcm;rl;pf aq;rsm;ESif h twl vnf ; okH ;wwfonf/ t&ufaomufif; okdYr[kwf t&ufukdwyfufrS D ckd jcif ;? raomuf &raeEk difif;tm; t&ufpG Jjcif;[k ac:nf/ t&ufESifhywfoufí a&S; qkdcJhzl;onf rS m ]"m;uk dzsuf;jruf? vlukdzsuf t&uf}[k

um;ykH Mum;zl;cJhonf/ vl ukduf t&uf [k qk d &m0,f t&ufwd usrS ef uef pG m pnf ;urf ;ws tokH ;csoG m;ygu vluk d a&m&aprnf r[kwfyg/ t&ufnf vluk dzsuf rnfr[kwfyg/aomft&uf uk d tok H ;csvG J rS m;m;Mujcif;aMumif h vluk d vnf ;uf apygonf/ a&m*guk d vnf ;apygonf/ touf uk d yif qk H ;apEk difygonf/ tazm faumif ;í t&uf

omuf jcif;? taysmfvGefí t

ufaomufjcif ;? pdwfnpf ítufaomufjcif ;? arG ;aeYyGJ? r*Fmaqmif yG J? *k Pf jyKyG J? EI wf qufrsm;wG if t&ufaomuf jcif;pnfh t&ufaomufjzpfatmif

ifvGwfp&m taMumif;jycsufm;tay: rlwnfum wwkd Yp?pfwkd Yp? wcGufp? ESpfcGu fpomuf cJ h jcif ;rS tpjyKNyD ; aemuf

wGif tpGJ BuD;pG Jzl;olrsm; &S dzl;yg onf/

pG J ruf jcif ;onf yif vQif a &m *g[k qkdMuygonf/ tjcm ; aemuf yk dif;tajctaersm;wkdYrSm

owdarh wwfonf qkd aom aygh aygh wef wef tajctaerS ½l ;oG yf aom pdwåZa&m*gtxd jzpf wwf aMumif ; om"ursm;tjyif cE¨ mukd ,fwGif; a&m*grsm;onf vnf ; yk d íqk d ;vmwwf ygonf/ ajcazm? vuf azmrS tp Ak d uf uk d &T J aponf h a&zsOf ;vnf ; jzpf wwf ygonf/

urÇmES ifh csDíajym&vQif t &uf pG Jaomuf jcif ;aMumifh jyó emrsm;onf tcsdefrwkd ifrD ao

qkH;jcif ;ESifh roefrpG rf;jzpfjcif; uk d jzpf yG m;apEk d if onf h xdyf wef ; taMumif ;&if ;wck jzpf NyD ; t&uf onfurÇ may:&S d yk H rS ef xuf yk d ok H ; aeaom aq;jzpf onf/ t&uf aomuf jcif ;aMumif h uk d,f t*F gp epf rsm; tm;vk H ;eD ;yg;uk d xd ckd uf apEk d if NyD ; urÇ mh a&m*g 0ef xk yf 0ef yk d ;uk d jzpf apEk d if aom yÍö rajrmuf OD;aqmi foljzpfonf/ urÇm h usef ;rma&;tzGJ YBuD;\tqkd t& 2004 ck ES pf wG if urÇ mh vl aoEI ef ;

\ 3.8 &mckdifEI ef; (trsdK;om; 6.3 &mckdifEIef;ESifh trsdK;orD; 1.1 &mckdifEIef; )onf t&uf aomuf jcif ;aMumifh jzpfonf/ xkdYxufykdí t&ufonf urÇm w0Srf;&Sda&m*grsm;ESifh xdckduf 'Pf &mrsm;\ 3.8 &mck d if EI ef ; ES if h qufpyfaeonf/ (trsdK;om;7.6 &mckdifEI ef;? trsdK;orD; 1.4

&mck d if EI ef ;) 'k u© onfrsm;qkdif&m uk v

or*¾r[mrif;BuD;½kH;\ xkdif; jref rme,f pyf wavQmuf &S d pcef ;

9 ckwGif aexkd ifckd vIHol rsm;tm; umuG,fay;onf h 2003-06 tpD&ifcHpmt& vma&mufwkd if Mum;onf h uk d,f xdvufa&muf wkdufckdufjcif ;\ 25 &mck dif EI ef; ES if h vd ifykdif;qkd if&m cGJjcm;quf qH tMurf ;zuf rI rsm;\ tBudrf tawmfr sm;rsm ;onf t&uf aomuf jcif;ESifh ywfoufae

aMumif ; awGY&Sd&onf/ t&uf aomufjcif ;onf pcef;twG if ; rd rd uk d ,f uk d aoaMumif ; BuH pnf rI\ taMumif;&if ;wck tjzpf vnf; awGY&S dxm;onf/

t&ufaomufjcif ;aMumifh jyóemrsm;wG if t&ufpG Jjcif;? t&uf uk d tvG J ok H ;pm;jyKjcif ;? t &ufaMumifh tqd yfoifhjcif;ES ifh t&uf jzwfjcif;wk dY yg0ifonf/

t&uf pG J jcif ;onft&uf uk d cHEkdif&nftm; wkd;vmjcif;? t &ufrl;vmonfh tqifh wl tae xm;okdY a&mufvmatmif ykdrkd rsm ;jym; aomyrmPukd wkd ; aomuf &ef vk dtyfjcif ;jzifh od omxi f&Sm ;onf/ a,bk,s

tm;jzif h t&ufpGJjcif ;onf t &uf jzwf vk d uf aomtcg jzpf ay: vmaom t&ufjzwfvu© Pm rsm; (Withdrawal Symptoms)

ukd jzpf yGm;aponf/ t&uf aomuf ol rS rnfonfhtajct aewGi frqkd pGrf; aqmifEkdif zkdY aomuf&ef vk dtyf onf[k cH pm; &aomfvnf; olwkdY &nf&G,f xm;onfxuf ykdrk daomufrd aMumif ;uk d vnf ; awG Y&Ek d if onf/ jyóemwpkH w&m &S d Ekd ifonf[k

cH pm ;r do lr sm ;onf t&uf aMumif h ½kyfykdif;? pdwfykdif; ok dYr [k wf vlrIa&;ykd if;qkd if&m jyó emrsm; jzpfyG m;Ek dif aMumif ; od ae aomfvnf ; t&ufaomufjcif; ukd avQmhcs&ef okd Yr[kwf jzwf awmuf &ef yk d rk d cuf cJ vmaMumif ; awG Y&S d&onf/

t&uftvGJokH;pm;jyKaeol onf aomufxm;aom t&uf yrmPaMumi fh vky fie f;cGi f? ausmif ; ok dYr[k wf aetd rfü us &mwm0ef rsm;ukd rxrf;aqmif

Ek d if awmh ay/ t&uf uk d tvG J ok H ; pm;jyKaeolonf t&ufrl;ae pOf armfawmfqk difu,farmif; jcif ;? um;armif ;jcif ; ok dYr[kwf puf ud&d ,mrsm;jzifh tvkyf vk yf jcif;uJhokdYaom ½kyfykdif;qkdif&m xdckd uf Ek difonfh tajctaersm; ESifh BuHKawGY&Ekd if onf/

t&uftmedoif jyif;xefrI

onf vlwa,muf\ vdif ? ukd,f tav;csdef (ykd aygholonf yrmPenf;enf; jzi fh rl;Ekd if onf )? aomuf onf h t&S d ef? yrm P? t&uftrsdK;tpm; (jyif; tm;)ESifh rMumcifu tpmpm; xm;jcif; &Sd^r&Sday: rlwnf on f/ t&ufon f vlw a,muf\ pdwfcH pm;rI ukd wGef;

tm;ay;wwfNyD; pdwf"mwfus aeoltm ; ykd rkd pdw fusapE kdi f onf/ t&ufESif h tjcm;rnf on fh aq ;u kd rq kd tw lw GJ aomuf jcif ;onf ES pf rsd K;pvk H ;\ tmed oif uk d wk d ;jr§ if h ay;Ek d if onf/

t&ufukd a&&SnfpGJaomuf jcif;aMumif h aemuf qufwG J qk d; usd K;rsm; okd Yr[kwf jyóemrsm; ESifh awGYBuH K&ifqkdifvm&rnf jzpf onf/ t"d u cE¨ mukd ,f ½k yf yk d if ;qk d if &mjyóem? pd wf yk d if ;qk d if &mjyóemES if h vl rI a&;qk dif &mjy

óemrsm; jzpfvmygonf/

(1)cE¨ muk d ,f½k yf yk dif ;qk dif&m jyóemrsm;

- aysmf&T if jcif;ESifh &Da0a0jzpf jcif;? pum;ajymryDojcif ;/

- pum;rsm;rsm;ajymjcif;? t a&jym;yl avmifjcif;/

- emusifrIrS oufomjcif;? tdyfi kdufj cif;? tdyfc sifae jcif;/

- vd if yk d if ;qk d if &m ajymif ;vJ (yk d

rkdí) wk ef Yjyefjcif;/ - rl;a0jcif;ESifhatmhtefjcif;?

uk d ,f tav;csd ef usqif ;jcif ;/ - rMumcPqD ;oGm;jcif ; (bD

,m ok d Yr[k wf 0k d if aomuf yg u) (qD;oGm;apaom tmed oifaMumif h jzpf onf/)

- t&ufrsm;pG maomuf Ny D; aemuf (12-36) em&DMum onftxd taysmhpm;rS t jyif;pm;&ufemusjcif;/

umvMum&S nf pG mES if h yrmPrsm; pG m aomufygu - twuf a&m*g - tpmtd rf ES if h tl vrf ;aMumif ;

jyóemrsm; ? rkefY csdKtdwf a&mi f&rf ;jci f;? tpmtdrf a&mifjcif ;? tonf;ajcmuf jcif ;? tpmtd rf emrsm;? tpm tdrfESifhtlvrf;aMumif;qkdif &m aoG;,kd jcif;/

- tqkwfa&mif a&m*gESifh wD bD a&m*gul;puf jzpfy Gm; vG,fjcif;/

- tm[m&csdKUwJhjcif;? tm½kH aMum tm;enf ;jcif;/

- tonf;ysufpD;jcif; ? (t &ufaMumifh tonf; uRwf ajcmufjcif;)? tqpf tjrpf a&mifa&m*g? a*guf (Gout)

- aoG;tm;enf;jcif;ESif h ESvk H; a&m*grsm;/

- vdifykdif;qkdif&m pGrf;aqmif

&nfusqi f;jcif ;? rsdK;yGm; t*Fgrsm; vkyfief;ysuf,G if ; jcif;/

- yrmP okdYr[kwf tBudrf rsm;pGmaomufaom ukd,f 0ef aqmif rdcifr sm;wGi f oaE¨om; xdck du fj ci f; ? om;orD ;r&Ek difjcif; (NrH K jcif;) (t&ufaMumifh jzpf

aom oaE¨om;a&m*gpk) - uif qma&m*g jzpf yG m;Ek d if ajc jrif hwufjcif ;/

- OD;aES mufykd if;a&m*g (OD ; aES muf\ yk HrSef r[kwfaom tvk yf vkyf jcif ;)

(2) pd wf yk dif ;qk dif&mjyóemrsm;

- arGYavsmf MunfEl;aejcif; ? pd wf½IyfaxG;jcif;/

- tjriftm½kHykdif;qkdif&m t aysmhpm;tHr0ifrIrsm; &Sdae jcif;/

- xifa,mifxifrSm;jzpfjcif;? quf pyf aqmif &G uf Ek d if rI us qif;jcif;/

- pdwfc Hpm;rIyk dif;qkdi f&m r wnfNidrfjcif ; (a'goxGuf jcif;? tMurf;zufjcif ;? rdrd \ ZeD;r,m;tm; tjcm; a,mus fm;E Sifh azmufjyef onf[k xifjrif jcif;? 0rf ; enf;jcif;ponfrsm;)

- td yf raysmfjcif ;? pd wf ,k d ,G if ; jcif ;? pd wfusjcif;? pdwfvI yf

&Sm;jcif;ESifh pdwftaESmuf t,Sufjzpfjcif;/

- yrmPrsm;oGm;ygu acwå owd vpf jcif ;ES if h rS wf ÓPf aysmufqk H;jcif;/

- awG a0xk d if ;rI d if ;jcif ; ponf h jyóemrsm; BuHKawGYEkdifyg onf/

(3) vlrIa&;qkdif&m jyóemrsm; trsm;tjym;yif&S donf/

OyrmtaeES if h ajym&vQif tvk yf

aumif ;aumif ;rvk yf Ek d if jcif ;? t vk yf cG ifrS m ysuf uGuf jcif ;? ¤if ;rS wqifh tvkyfjzKwfcH&jcif;wkdY BuH KawGYEkdifonf/ tvkyf r&Sd vk dY 0ifaiGr&SdvQif aemufqufwGJ pm;0wfaea&;j yóemvnf; 0ifvmygonf/ vifr,m;? nD tukdarmifESr? rdom;pktwGif; jyóemrsm; xyf jzpfvmNyD; pD; yG m;a&;usqif ;rnf/ ck d uf &ef jzpf rnf/ rqif rjcif ,mOf armif ;ES if rIaMumif h ,mOf wk dufrI awG jzpf vmEk dif NyD ; ¤if;rSwqif h trI t

cif;jzpfwmrsdK;awG ay:ayguf vmEk difonf/ pD ;yGm;a&;usqif ; vmonf rS wqif h quf EG ,f vm rnf h aemuf quf wG J jyóemrsm; rSm renf;vSay/

t&ufpG Jjcif ;jy vu©Pmrsm;uk d &SmazG azmf xk wf jcif; - xkH jcif;? usif jcif;

- reuf yk d if ;wG if vuf wk ef jcif ; t0wftpm;ES ifh touf ½SL &mwGif t&ufeHY &aejcif;

- rl;a0aeonfh yk HpH ok dYr[kwf tjyKtrl okdYr[kwf ukd,f cE¨mwGif rawmfwqjzpf onfh'Pf&mrsm;ukd rMum cP awG Y&jcif;

- vkyfief;cGif? ausmif ; okdYr

[k wf td rfwGif t"d u xrf; aqmif&rnfhwm0efrsm;ukd ysufuGufjcif ; tvkyf jyKwf jcif;

- w&m;Oya'ykdif;qkdif&m jy óemrsm;ES ifh &if qkd if&jcif;

- vlrIa&;? rdom;pkyk dif;E Sifh yk*¾dKvfa&;qkdif&m jyóem rsm;&Sd aomfvnf; t&ufukd qufvuf aomufokH;ae jcif ; (vif r,m; jywf pJ jcif ;? pD;yGm;a&;qkdif&m jyóem rsm;)

- &nf&G,f xm;onf xufykd í t&ufrsm;rsm;aomufjcif; okdYr[k wf tcsdefMumjrif hpGm aomufokH ;jcif; (xdef ;csKyf Ekd ifpG rf;aysmuf qkH ;jcif ;)

t&ufjywfícHpm;&onfh vu©

Pmrsm;(Withdrawal Symptoms)

- aoG;ckefEIef;jrefjcif;? aoG; aygif csdefwufaejcif;

- ukd,ftylcsdefwufNyD; acR;

xGuf jcif; - wkefcgjcif;? taMumwuf

jcif; - cH wG if ;rawG Yjcif ;? td yf raysmf

jcif; - rl;a0atmhtefjcif; - xif a,mifxif rS m;jzpf jcif; - pdwfwkd jcif;? pdwfvIy f&Sm;

jcif; txufyg t&ufpGJa&m*g

vu©Pmrsm; ok dYr[kwf t&uf jywfícHpm;&onfh vu©Pm

rsm;ESifh r,f awmfaq;cef; pdwf usef ;rma&;qk d if &m ES pf od rf h aqG; aEG;tBuHay;XmeokdY (Mental

Health and Counseling Contre)

vma&muf jyoaom vl emta& twG uf rS m 2012 ck ES pf Zef e0g&D rS puf wifbmvukeftxd 30 OD ;cef Y&S d aMumif ; vl empm&if ;rS wf wrf;rsm;t& od&onf/

,ck ES pf od rf h aqG ;aEG ;tBuH ay; Xme taqmuftOD;topfukd r,f awmf aq;cef ;twG if ; 2012 ck ESpf {NyD vqef ;wG if ajymif ;a&T U

zG if h vS pf cJ h NyD ; t&uf pG J a&m*gvl em rsm;ESifh t&uf jzwfcsifaomvl emrsm;ukd ukoay;aeonfht jyif tjcm;pd wf yk d if ;qk d if &m jyó emrsm;&Sd aeaom vlemrsm;uk d vnf; usef;rma&;0efaqmifrI rsm;? aq;0g;ukorIrsm;vnf; aqmif&Guf ay;aeygonf/

rif ;ol&def

(Chronic Alcoholism) rif ;ol&def




onfwywfa&;csi fwmu&;aeus usef;rma&;ynmay;ufoufr[kwfbJ usef;rm

&;eJYywfoufNyD ; jrefrmawGaewJh taMumif;t&mwcsdKU/

a&m*gtrsdK;rsd K;? usef;rm&;jyóemtaxG axGeJ Y b,fnf;b,fyH k aexkdif pm;aomuf

Mu&r,fqk d wmawG u pmapmif?me,f? a&'D ,d k eJ Y wD AG D toD ;oD ; wifjya&;om;Muwm awmf

wmhfukd pHkaeNyDjzpfwJhtjyif wUqk d xyf awmif aeygNyD/ 'gay,f h jref rmawG &JUtm;enf;csuf pmrzwfMuwmbJ/ tawmfm;rsm; pmrzwfMubl;/ zwfol wcsdKUwavusjyefawmhnf ; zwf oih f wmawG xuf tsmf zwfawGyJ zwf Muvk d Y usef ;a&;tod? A[kokwrSm t

wmf tm;enf;wm awGYae&yg,f/ onf buf e,f pyf wavQmuf tzGJUtpnf;awmfawmfrsm;m;u pmapmif awG xk wf a0Mu?crJhjzefY a0Mu? tJ'Dpmapmifm;rSm usef;rma&;ynmay; tMumif ;t&mawG ygMuayr,h fcsdKU 'Dvkd pmapmi fawG&S drSef;odMubl;/ odayr,hfvnf;

v kd use f;rma&; ynmay;qmif;yg;awG ygrSef;rod Muefbl ;/ odolawG&Sdjyefawmhnf; rzwfrdMujyefa&m/ ckumvu rD 'D,mtm ;

umif ;wJ hacwf rkd Y tGefvkdif;rD'Dm? yHkESdyfrD'D,m? toHvTifhrD'DmeJ Y ½k yf oH rD 'D ,m toD ;oD ;rS msef;rma&;ynmay; u@awG

ygMuygw,f/ qkd cJh ovkd ygay r,fh vnf ; rzwfwJh ol? rMunfh wJhol? em;raxmif wJ hol awG&Sd Muovk d wzuf rS muvnf ; yg&S d orQawG [m rS efuef wJ h? tcsuf tvufjynhfpHkwJh? usdK;aMumif;

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Nightingale Health Journal (Nov - 2012)

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