Nicole Lattarulo and Abby Barnicle

Question

How did the Little Rock Nine reflect the Civil Rights Era?

Overview

• Brown v. Board of Education

• Southern resistance

• Nine black students attempt to enter Central

High School in Little Rock, Arkansas

• Orval Faubus and angry mob

• President Eisenhower orders Federal Troops

to escort the nine students into the school

Our Argument

1. Challenges to desegregate America

2. Increased Governmental Role

3. Persistence and determination

Argument #1Challenges of Desegregation

• Montgomery Bus Boycott– Blacks abandon buses in protest to

segregation of transportation.

• Greensboro Sit-in– Over 66 black students held a sit-in at

Woolworth’s lunch counter to protest the segregation of restaurants.

Nonviolent Resistance!

Nonviolent Resistance!

Greensboro Sit-In Bus Boycott

Argument #2Government Intervention

• Supreme Court Influence

• Congressional Influence

• Presidential Influence

Continue to Argument #3

Supreme Court Influence

• Brown v. Board of Education (1954)

• Muir v. Louisville (1954)

• Browder v. Gayle (1956)

• Twenty-Fourth Amendment (1964)

Back to Arugment #2

Congressional Influence

• Civil Rights Act of 1964

– Makes segregation illegal

• Voting Rights Act of 1965

– Guarantees the right to vote

Back to Arugment #2

Presidential Influence

• Dwight D. Eisenhower

• John F. Kennedy

• Lyndon B. Johnson

Back to Arugment #2

Argument #3Persistence and Determination

• Rosa Parks– Refused to give up her seat on the bus– She was “too tired of discrimination” (Roberts).

• Martin Luther King Jr.– March on Washington– Led bus boycott (1955) – Southern Christian Leadership Conference

(SCLC) – Nobel Peace Prize (1964)– Selma March

“I have a dream that

my four children will

one day live in a

nation where they

will not be judged by

the color of their

skin but by the

content of their

character. I have a

dream today.”– Martin Luther King Jr. August 28, 1963

“Eyes on the Prize

Little Rock Nine”

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