Nicki, Ian,Ben,Ashley
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Transcript of Nicki, Ian,Ben,Ashley
Collegiate student athletes vs. Collegiate student non-athletes
Ian SchrefflerNicole SchiffnerBenjamin Webb
Ashley Thorpe
DilemmaDoes being a collegiate student athlete have an effect on a student’s GPA vs. a regular collegiate non-athlete’s GPA?
Background InformationArticles online
More than 400,000 student athletes participate in organized NCAA sports, as of 2010
Student athletes need certain GPAs in order to participate in organized sports
Minimum GPA of 1.8 after freshman yearAthletes advised to take up majors that are
“easier” and where there are clusters of athletes
HypothesisCollegiate student athletes have a lower
grade point average then students who do not participate in organized NCAA sports.
Questions
Target AudienceScholarly athletes Vs. Non- Athletes
College Students between the ages of 18-23
Males Vs. Females
Sampling PlanSince our group consists of people that both
play sports and don’t play sports, we can survey people from all teams and non-athlete college students. We were sure not to ask just friends. To ensure that it was random sampling we went to the sub at different times of the day and handed out surveys until we had enough data.
Summary of RespondentsSports:-Football-Baseball-Soccer-Wrestling-Lacrosse-Basketball-Power lifting-Field Hockey
Total of 50 respondentsMajors:-Education-Criminology-Biology-Accounting-Psychology-Engineering-EES-Communications-Business
Method of Survey AdministrationSurveys were handed out in the SUB, and in
the library.We also asked different survey questions than
interview questions.Does playing sports take away from study
time?If you didn’t play a sport would you have a
higher GPA?Are your grades your top priority?Is studying for a test a good reason to skip
class?If an athlete, are sports your top priority?
GPA 1= 0-2.02= 2.1-2.53= 2.6-3.04= 3.1-3.55= 3.6-4.0
Sport 0= n/a1= soccer2= football3= baseball4= wrestling5= lacrosse6= basketball7=powerlifting8=field hockey
How many hours do you study (per day)? 1= 0-1 hour2= 2-3 hours3= 4-5 hours4= 5+ hours
Age 1= 182= 193= 204= 215= 226= 23
Major 1= education2= Criminology3= biology4= accounting5= sociology6= engineering7= EES8= communications9= business10- psychology
Athlete? Yes- 1No- 2
# of credits 1= 12 2=133= 14 4=155=16 6=177=18
How many hours per day do have practice/mandatory team obligations (per day)?
1= 0-1 hours 2= 2-3hours3= 4-5 hours4= 5+ hours
2 3 4 50
5
10
15
20
25
30
1; 1
2; 10
Athletes Vs. Non-Athletes GPAC
ount
of
People
Football25%
Soccer42%
Baseball2%
Wrestling13%
Locrosse2%
Basketball9%
Power lifting2%
Field Hocky5%
Team Time spent Studying
1 2 3 4 5 6 70
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
12
Num
ber
of
people
Non-athletes take more credits
HYPOTHESIS TESTS sample mean 2.27about 3.5 - 4 hours
population mean 2.08reference value about 2 - 3 hours
stdev 0.83
sample size 26
Do non athletes study more than athletes?
NULL: <= 2.08m Non athletes do study more than athletes
ALTERNATIVE: > 2.08m Non athletes do not study more than athletes
one-tailed or two-tailed? 1
test statistic (obs) 1.17
critical measure 1.71 degrees of freedom 25
|obs| > critical? no
p-value 0.13
a-level 0.05
p-value < a-level? no
do not reject!
Non athletes do study more than athletes
• 1 SHT • Do Non athletes study more than athletes?• Result- Non athletes do study more• Do not reject the null• Observation is smaller than critical measure, and the A-value is
smaller than the P-value
Does playing a sport impact GPALine Fit Plot to explain GPA based on if an
individual is an athlete or not an athlete
Null: there is no relationship
Alternative: there is a relationship
Intercept coefficient says Athletes average GPA is a 3.076
Sport coefficient= slopePositive slope
Non athlete -> athlete GPA rises by .42
Coefficients Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95% Upper 95% Lower 95.0% Upper 95.0%Intercept 3.076923077 0.319228195 9.638632 8.33E-13 2.435071773 3.71877438 2.435071773 3.718774381Sports 0.423076923 0.199517622 2.120499 0.039158 0.021919858 0.82423399 0.021919858 0.824233988
Coefficients
Regression StatsRsquare= .08
8% variability in GPA Standard error= .70
70% chance there could be a mistake in the prediction
Pvalue= .03Pvalue< .05 so reject the NullThere is a relationship between being an
athlete or not and GPA. Athletes GPAs are lower.
Regression StatisticsMultiple R 0.29266638R Square 0.08565361Adjusted R Square 0.066604727Standard Error 0.70483677Observations 50
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 80
1
2
3
4
5
6
ATHLETES credits vs. GPA's
Credits
GP
A
credits gpa
7 4
5 4
4 3
7 4
5 3
1 4
4 3
5 3
7 3
3 4
5 4
4 4
4 3
5 3
5 4
5 3
4 5
4 2
7 4
4 4
7 3
5 4
2 3
2 3
ATHLETES credits vs GPA
CORRELATION= .06
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 80
1
2
3
4
5
6
NON ATHLETES credits vs GPA's
Credits
GP
A
NON athletes credits vs gpa
credits gpa5 35 54 46 57 54 47 37 47 44 46 45 51 45 44 34 34 37 54 44 41 43 27 47 45 47 4
CORRELATION=.30
HYPOTHESIS TESTS x-value sample 1 1.881-2 hours x-value sample 2 2.132-3 hours
for the proportion proportion 1 7.8% proportion 2 8.9%
pooled proportion 0.084 sample size 1 24 sample size 2 24
Time studying Time at practice
std error 0.080
Do athletes spend more time studying than at practice?
NULL: 1 > = 2p pAthletes do not spend more time studying than practicing
ALTERNATIVE: 1 < 2p pAthletes do spend more time studying than practicing
one-tailed or two tailed? 1
enter 1 or 2 above
test statistic (obs) (0.130)
critical measure 1.645
|obs| > critical?? no
p-value 0.45
a-level 0.050 ←enter alpha level here
p-value < a-level?? no
DO NOT REJECT THE NULL
Athletes do not spend more time studying than practicing
• 2 test study time vs. practice• Do athletes spend more time studying than at practice?• Result- Athletes do not spend more time studying than practicing.• Observation is smaller than the critical measure, the P-value is
greater than the A-level.• Do not reject the null
HYPOTHESIS TESTS x-value sample 1 38 x-value sample 2 12
for the proportion proportion 1 76.0% proportion 2 24.0%
pooled proportion 0.500 sample size 1 50 sample size 2 50
less than 3 hours more than 3 hours
std error 0.100
Are students GPA's higher when they spend more time studying?
NULL: 1 > = 2p pStudents GPA's are not higher when they studying more than 3 hours
ALTERNATIVE: 1 < 2p pStudents GPA's are higher when they study more than 3 hours
one-tailed or two tailed? 1
enter 1 or 2 above
test statistic (obs) 5.200
critical measure 1.645
|obs| > critical?? YES
p-value 0.00
a-level 0.050 ←enter alpha level here
p-value < a-level?? YES
REJECT THE NULL
Students GPA's are higher when they study more than 3 hours
• Studying = higher GPA test• Are students GPA higher when they spend more time studying?• the observation is larger than the critical measure, and the p-
value is smaller than the a-level• Reject the null• Students GPA’s are higher when they study more than 3 hours.
HYPOTHESIS TESTS x-value sample 1 24 x-value sample 2 26
for the proportion proportion 1 48.0% proportion 2 52.0%
pooled proportion 0.500 sample size 1 50 sample size 2 50
Athletes Non-athletes
std error 0.100
Are athletes GPA's lower than non athlete GPA's?
NULL: 1 > = 2p pAthletes GPA's are lower than non athletes GPA's
ALTERNATIVE: 1 < 2p pAthletes GPA's are not lower than non athletes GPA's
one-tailed or two tailed? 1
enter 1 or 2 above
test statistic (obs) (0.400)
critical measure 1.645
|obs| > critical?? no
p-value 0.34
a-level 0.050 ←enter alpha level here
p-value < a-level?? no
DO NOT REJECT THE NULL
ATHLETES GPA'S ARE LOWER THAN NON ATHLETE GPA'S
• 2 test athletes Vs. Non athletes GPA’s• Are athletes GPA’s lower than non athletes GPA’s?• observation is smaller than then critical measure so reject
that, and the p-value is larger than the a-level so you reject that also
• Do not reject the null• Athletes GPA’s are lower than non athletes GPA’s.
ConclusionNon-athletes study more than athletes.Athletes do not spend more time studying
than practicing.Student’s GPAs are higher when they study
for more than 3 hours.
Athlete’s GPAs are lower than non-athlete’s GPAs!
SuggestionsGather more data.
Different collegesTest just one major.
Make more specific.Make survey questions more specific.
QUESTIONS???