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Transcript of NFPA30extracts
February 2005
Tom Gray Consulting Director Property Risk Control
NFPA 30NFPA 30NFPA 30
Chapters 8 Thru 29 Chapters 8 Thru 29 Chapters 8 Thru 29 Protection (2008)Protection (2008)Protection (2008)
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Protection of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
1987 – Epiphany!
3
Protection of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
NFPANFPANFPAUnderstanding Fire Protection for Flammable and Combustible LiquUnderstanding Fire Protection for Flammable and Combustible LiquUnderstanding Fire Protection for Flammable and Combustible Liquidsidsids
CCPSCCPSCCPSGuidelines for Fire Protection in Chemical, Petrochemical and Guidelines for Fire Protection in Chemical, Petrochemical and Guidelines for Fire Protection in Chemical, Petrochemical and Hydrocarbon Processing FacilitiesHydrocarbon Processing FacilitiesHydrocarbon Processing Facilities
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Protection of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
NFPA 30, Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code
NFPA 30 is a CODE (law in most states). Most NFPA documents are STANDARDS (NFPA 13) or DESIGN GUIDELINES (NFPA 68).
NFPA 30 is revised every 3 or 4 years. The requirements are generally not retroactive but Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ) may require updating to the latest version.
Chapters 8 thru 29 now contain protection criteria for container, IBC, and portable tank storage of liquids.
Annex D further describes the protection criteria listed in NFPA 30. Annex E describes test protocols for flammable liquid fire tests. Both have lots of information considered advisory. You should read both of them.
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Protection of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
Containers, Portable Tanks, and IBC’s
Container = any vessel less than 120 gallons used for transporting or storing flammable or combustible liquids
Portable tank = any closed vessel having a liquid capacity over 60 gallons AND not intended for fixed installation (including IBC’s)
IBC’s = Intermediate Bulk Containers (less than 794 gallons) but not very well defined by NFPA 30
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Protection of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
IBC Photo
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Protection of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
Containers, Portable Tanks, and IBC’s
“Relieving-style container” is a metal container, IBC, or portable tank equipped with at least one pressure-relieving mechanism at the top to relieve internal pressures from external fire exposure to avoid violent rupture of the container, IBC, or portable tank.
NFPA 30 requires the pressure-relieving mechanism to be listed and labeled per FMRC 6083, Fusible Closures for Steel Drums. These mechanisms cannot be painted. Cap seals, if used, must be of thermoplastic material to burn away easily.
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Protection of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
Drum Storage in Racks
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Protection of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
NFPA 30, Container and Storage Requirements
Does NOT apply to•storage in process areas•certain fuel tanks•beverages (less than 1.3 gallon capacity) •medicines/foodstuffs/cosmetics/other consumer products that are less than 50% water-miscible liquids and the rest non-flammable liquids (less than 1.3 gallon capacity)•liquids that have no Fire Point (vapors won’t burn)•liquids with flash point greater than 95 F in water-miscible solution or dispersion with water and inert solids (more than 80% by weight) that does not sustain burning•distilled spirits or wines in wooden barrels or casks
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Protection of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
Hazardous Materials Locker
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Protection of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
Storage AreasFlammables should be stored in approved cabinets in a cool, well
ventilated area to avoid pressure buildup and vaporization.
12
Protection of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
Small amounts of flammable liquids stored in listed cabinets
Contrary to popular belief, these cabinets are not designed to contain a fire, but to prevent an outside fire from reaching the contents for a period of 10 minutes – enough time to evacuate the area.
13
Protection of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
Automatic Fire Protection for Liquid Storage
No dry pipe sprinklers are permitted to meet protection requirements of NFPA 30.
Where different classes of liquids and container types are stored in the same protected area, the requirements for protection of the most severe hazard class (of those types) must be met.
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Protection of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
Other Protection Requirements of NFPA 30
Foam-water sprinkler systems must be installed per the listing criteria of the foam discharge devices, foam concentrate, and liquids to be protected. Where the listing criteria differ from Table 16.5.2.3 or Table 16.5.2.4, the greater of the two design densities must be used.
In-rack sprinklers have very specific installation criteria to meetChapter 16 requirements. These are now covered in 16.5.1.10 describing Layouts A through I in the new NFPA 30 tables.
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Protection of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
Foam-Water Protection Requirements of NFPA 30
Foam-water sprinkler systems must have at least 15 minutes of foam concentrate at required design flow rates. For example, 0.3 gpm over 2000 square feet using 6% foam has flow rate of 36 gpm. Foam concentrate needed would be 36 gpm for 15 minutes, or 540 gallons total. A foam tank (probably) won’t come in exactly that size so round up to next available size.
Foam-water systems must provide foam solution to operating sprinklers with four sprinklers operating, often done by using In-Line Balanced Pressure (ILBP) type of foam proportioner.
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Protection of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
Other Protection Requirements of NFPA 30
Water supply for water sprinklers or foam-water sprinklers must be adequate for 2 hours of expected flow. Hose stream and hydrant flows must also be included in this allowance.
Containment and drainage are needed. This is true whether water or foam-water sprinklers are used. If foam-water sprinklers are used, liquid spread control is not required by NFPA 30.
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Protection of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
Fire Protection Schemes A, B, or C
Several of the tables in Chapter 16 for protection of rack storage of flammable and combustible liquids require design per Fire Protection Schemes A, B, or C.
See 16.6.1 for FP Scheme A and 16.6.2 for FP Scheme B plus 16.6.3 for FP Scheme C.
These schemes give specific design and installation criteria forprotection for Single Row, Double Row, or Multiple Row rack storage of flammable and combustible liquids.
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Protection of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
Talking Points (From NFPA 30 Committee Member)
February 2005
Tom Gray Consulting Director Property Risk Control
Changes Made Changes Made Changes Made
UPDATE to NFPA UPDATE to NFPA UPDATE to NFPA 30 in 200830 in 200830 in 2008
Bob BenedettiBob Benedetti
NFPANFPA
20
Protection of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
NFPA 30 HazMat Template
Added cross references for handling & dispensing to occupancy chapters
Split industrial/mercantile/storage into 3 separate chaptersHazMat storage lockers now separate chapterAssigned fire protection design criteria to its own chapter
(Chapter 16)Moved tank & piping chapters to end
21
Protection of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
NFPA 30 HazMat Template
9.1 Scope9.1.1 Trigger Quantities for Protection Levels9.3 General Requirements9.4 Approved Containers9.5 Storage Cabinets9.6 MAQ Maximum Allowable Quantity
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Protection of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
NFPA 30 Template
9.7 Control Areas9.8 Occupancy Classifications9.9 Construction Requirements9.10 Fire Protection9.12 Electrical9.13 Containment, Drainage, Spill Control9.16 Explosion Control
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Protection of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
NFPA 30 – 2008 Edition
Completely new layout to incorporate the HazMat template
8 chapters became 29 chapters(including room for expansion)
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Protection of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
NFPA 30 – 2008
Chapters 1 through 7:• administration• referenced documents• definitions• liquid classification• fire prevention and risk control• electrical
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Protection of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
NFPA 30 – 2008
Chapters 9 through 16:• storage of containers and intermediate bulk
containers in buildings, hazardous materials storage lockers, outdoor storage, detached / unprotected buildings
• separate chapter (Chapter 16) on fire protection design criteria
26
Protection of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
NFPA 30 – 2008
Chapters 17 through 19:• processing facilities• handling, dispensing, transfer, use of liquids• specific operations
• heat transfer systems• vapor recovery / processing• solvent distillation units
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Protection of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
NFPA 30 – 2008
Chapters 21 through 25:• storage tanks
• aboveground• underground
• storage tank buildings• storage tank vaults
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Protection of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
NFPA 30 – 2008
Chapters 27 through 29:• piping systems• loading & unloading facilities• wharves
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Protection of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
NFPA 30 – 2008
Amends definition of “liquid” in 3.3.30• fluidity > 300 penetration asphalt• viscous material with no specific melting point,
but determined to be a liquid per ASTM D4359, Standard Test for Determining Whether a Material is a Liquid or a Solid
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Protection of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
NFPA 30 – 2008
NFPA 101 definition of “Occupancy”NFPA 101 definitions for various types of occupancies
31
Protection of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
NFPA 30 – 2008
Flammable liquids storage cabinets• replaces 3 cabinet limit per fire area with occupancy MAQ
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Protection of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
NFPA 30 – 2008
Uses NFPA 5000 (building code) concepts of “controlarea,” “maximum allowable quantity per controlarea,” and “protection level” so NFPA 30 nowcorrelates with NFPA 1 and NFPA 5000
• also has correlation with International Fire Code
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Protection of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
NFPA 30 – 2008
Control Area concept (9.7) establishes limits for eachfloor level:
• number of control areas per floor• barrier fire rating between control areas• maximum allowable quantity (MAQ) per control
area• percentage of ground level MAQ
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Protection of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
NFPA 30 – 2008
Protection level identifies additional requirementsthat apply to situations where MAQ is exceeded
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Protection of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
NFPA 30 – 2008
Maximum Allowable Quantity (MAQ) establishesquantity limit applicable without special protectivemeasures
• Table 34.1.3.1 of NFPA 5000
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Protection of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
NFPA 30 – 2008
For other than industrial, mercantile, storage, MAQs are:
Class Quantity (gallons)I & II 10*IIIA 60*IIIB 120
*can be exceeded if kept in storage cabinets andaggregate does not exceed 180 gallons
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Protection of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
NFPA 30 – 2008
Concepts of “cut-off room” and “attached building” replacedby concept of “liquid storage room”
• used for storage of liquids• does not exceed 500 sq ft• may or may not have exterior wall(s)
If > 500 sq ft Liquid Warehouse
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Protection of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
Inside Liquid Storage Areas (2003)
inside room
cut-off room
cut-off room
attachedbuilding
39
Protection of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
Liquid Storage Rooms (2008)
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Protection of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
NFPA 30 – 2008
Replaced provisions for storage of flammable &combustible liquids in general purpose warehouses
• Now limited to MAQ of NFPA 5000
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Protection of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
NFPA 30 – 2008
New fire protection criteria for the following:• palletized storage of 8 oz plastic bottles of 80%
water-miscible flammable (Class I) liquids in cartons
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Protection of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
NFPA 30 – 2008
New fire protection criteria for the following:• single-, double-, multi-row rack storage of Class
IIIB liquids in corrugated paper-board IBC with flexible plastic liner (“bag-in-box”)
• up to 275 gallon (size)
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Protection of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
NFPA 30 – 2008
New fire protection criteria for the following:• single-, double-, multi-row rack storage of Class
IIIB liquids in corrugated paper-board container with flexible plastic liner (“bag-in-box”)
• up to 6 gallon (size)
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Protection of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
Case Study “Steeler Colors” Handout
45
Protection of Flammable and Combustible Liquids
Questions???