NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

65
Training on Industrial Pneumatics NFI – Industrial Automation & CAD Training Academy nfi

TAGS:

description

Brief Content: 1) Basic of Pneumatic 2) History of Pneumatic 3) Components of Pneumatic 4) Air Distribution System 5) Air Consuming System 6) Pneumatic Valves & Cylinders 7) Pneumatic Circuits 8) Electro- Pneumatic Circuits

Transcript of NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Page 1: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Training on

Industrial

Pneumatics NFI ndash Industrial Automation

amp CAD Training Academy

nfi

What Does Pneumatics means

Comes from Greek Word ldquoPneumatikos ldquo

means Wind or breathe

Pneumatics is movement

by compressed Air

wwwnfiautomationorg

nfi

Pneumatics in Day to Day Life It is put to a wide variety of uses such as dentists drills automatic doors

brakes on lorries and hammer drills used at roadworks

wwwnfiautomationorg

Who Discovered the Idea of Pneumatics

German Physicist amp

Engineer ndash Otto von Guericke

(1602-1686)

17th

Century

wwwnfiautomationorg

nfi

Magdeburg Hemispheres

Who Discovered the Idea of Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

nfi

Who Discovered the Idea of Pneumatics

Magdeburg Hemispheres

wwwnfiautomationorg

Force amp Pressure

Illustration of pressure varying with temperature

Pressure-temperature law

wwwnfiautomationorg

Boylersquos law or BoylendashMariotte law

the absolute pressure and volume of a given mass of confined gas are inversely

proportional if the temperature remains unchanged within a closed system

Thus it states that the product of pressure and volume is a constant for a given

mass of confined gas as long as the temperature is constant

pV= k

Pressure = Voltage

Volume = Capacitance

Flow rate = Current

Flow Restrictions = Resistance

wwwnfiautomationorg

Typical Units of Pressure

The SI unit for pressure is the Pascal (Pa) equal to one newton per

square meter (Nm2 or kgmiddotmminus1middotsminus2)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Typical Units of Air Flow CFM = Cubic feet per minute

Cubic meter per hour = MMMHour

Litres per minutes = lmin

wwwnfiautomationorg

Basic Pneumatic System How Bike Pump Works

wwwnfiautomationorg

Basic Industrial Pneumatic System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Basic Industrial Pneumatic System

Electrical MotorIT ACTIVATE WHEN PRESSURE IS

ABOVE CRACKING PRESSURE

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Pressure Relie f Valve 2

Double-Acting Cylinder

Gas-loaded Accum ulator w ith separator

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Exhaust

Com pressor With Left ShaftVariable

Solenoid

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System

1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

2 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Single Stage

Two Stage

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Diaphragm Inlet Outlet

Inlet

Outlet

Crank

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Eccentrically mounted

rotor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Helical Screws rotating

Opposite to each other

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor Ratings Typical factors determining nature of compressor

Displaced Volume or Displacement = Q (l min) or (lrev)

Nominal Speed = in rpm

Maximum Pressure = in Bar or psi

Tank Capacity = in litres

Maximum Flow = lmin or lsec

Fixed Type Variable Type

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Check Valve

Check Valve Spring Loaded

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

000 Bar

To measure Inlet amp Outlet Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

To remove water inside the Compressor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

Pressure Relief Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Drying agent such as

Dehydrated chalk

or

Magnesium chloride

It reacts with moisture

(in air) to form solution

which is drained from

the bottom

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

to remove contamination oil

vapors from the compressor

and water from the air

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production

System Combining All the components together

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Electrical Motor

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Air Dryer

Filter

Lubricator

Cooler

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Return

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Extend

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double-Acting 2-Cushion Cylinder

On large cylinders the shock forces

can be absorbed by an air cushion

that decelerates the piston over the

last portion of the stroke

Double Acting Cylinder with Cushion

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 2: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

What Does Pneumatics means

Comes from Greek Word ldquoPneumatikos ldquo

means Wind or breathe

Pneumatics is movement

by compressed Air

wwwnfiautomationorg

nfi

Pneumatics in Day to Day Life It is put to a wide variety of uses such as dentists drills automatic doors

brakes on lorries and hammer drills used at roadworks

wwwnfiautomationorg

Who Discovered the Idea of Pneumatics

German Physicist amp

Engineer ndash Otto von Guericke

(1602-1686)

17th

Century

wwwnfiautomationorg

nfi

Magdeburg Hemispheres

Who Discovered the Idea of Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

nfi

Who Discovered the Idea of Pneumatics

Magdeburg Hemispheres

wwwnfiautomationorg

Force amp Pressure

Illustration of pressure varying with temperature

Pressure-temperature law

wwwnfiautomationorg

Boylersquos law or BoylendashMariotte law

the absolute pressure and volume of a given mass of confined gas are inversely

proportional if the temperature remains unchanged within a closed system

Thus it states that the product of pressure and volume is a constant for a given

mass of confined gas as long as the temperature is constant

pV= k

Pressure = Voltage

Volume = Capacitance

Flow rate = Current

Flow Restrictions = Resistance

wwwnfiautomationorg

Typical Units of Pressure

The SI unit for pressure is the Pascal (Pa) equal to one newton per

square meter (Nm2 or kgmiddotmminus1middotsminus2)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Typical Units of Air Flow CFM = Cubic feet per minute

Cubic meter per hour = MMMHour

Litres per minutes = lmin

wwwnfiautomationorg

Basic Pneumatic System How Bike Pump Works

wwwnfiautomationorg

Basic Industrial Pneumatic System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Basic Industrial Pneumatic System

Electrical MotorIT ACTIVATE WHEN PRESSURE IS

ABOVE CRACKING PRESSURE

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Pressure Relie f Valve 2

Double-Acting Cylinder

Gas-loaded Accum ulator w ith separator

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Exhaust

Com pressor With Left ShaftVariable

Solenoid

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System

1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

2 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Single Stage

Two Stage

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Diaphragm Inlet Outlet

Inlet

Outlet

Crank

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Eccentrically mounted

rotor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Helical Screws rotating

Opposite to each other

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor Ratings Typical factors determining nature of compressor

Displaced Volume or Displacement = Q (l min) or (lrev)

Nominal Speed = in rpm

Maximum Pressure = in Bar or psi

Tank Capacity = in litres

Maximum Flow = lmin or lsec

Fixed Type Variable Type

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Check Valve

Check Valve Spring Loaded

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

000 Bar

To measure Inlet amp Outlet Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

To remove water inside the Compressor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

Pressure Relief Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Drying agent such as

Dehydrated chalk

or

Magnesium chloride

It reacts with moisture

(in air) to form solution

which is drained from

the bottom

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

to remove contamination oil

vapors from the compressor

and water from the air

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production

System Combining All the components together

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Electrical Motor

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Air Dryer

Filter

Lubricator

Cooler

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Return

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Extend

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double-Acting 2-Cushion Cylinder

On large cylinders the shock forces

can be absorbed by an air cushion

that decelerates the piston over the

last portion of the stroke

Double Acting Cylinder with Cushion

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 3: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Pneumatics in Day to Day Life It is put to a wide variety of uses such as dentists drills automatic doors

brakes on lorries and hammer drills used at roadworks

wwwnfiautomationorg

Who Discovered the Idea of Pneumatics

German Physicist amp

Engineer ndash Otto von Guericke

(1602-1686)

17th

Century

wwwnfiautomationorg

nfi

Magdeburg Hemispheres

Who Discovered the Idea of Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

nfi

Who Discovered the Idea of Pneumatics

Magdeburg Hemispheres

wwwnfiautomationorg

Force amp Pressure

Illustration of pressure varying with temperature

Pressure-temperature law

wwwnfiautomationorg

Boylersquos law or BoylendashMariotte law

the absolute pressure and volume of a given mass of confined gas are inversely

proportional if the temperature remains unchanged within a closed system

Thus it states that the product of pressure and volume is a constant for a given

mass of confined gas as long as the temperature is constant

pV= k

Pressure = Voltage

Volume = Capacitance

Flow rate = Current

Flow Restrictions = Resistance

wwwnfiautomationorg

Typical Units of Pressure

The SI unit for pressure is the Pascal (Pa) equal to one newton per

square meter (Nm2 or kgmiddotmminus1middotsminus2)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Typical Units of Air Flow CFM = Cubic feet per minute

Cubic meter per hour = MMMHour

Litres per minutes = lmin

wwwnfiautomationorg

Basic Pneumatic System How Bike Pump Works

wwwnfiautomationorg

Basic Industrial Pneumatic System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Basic Industrial Pneumatic System

Electrical MotorIT ACTIVATE WHEN PRESSURE IS

ABOVE CRACKING PRESSURE

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Pressure Relie f Valve 2

Double-Acting Cylinder

Gas-loaded Accum ulator w ith separator

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Exhaust

Com pressor With Left ShaftVariable

Solenoid

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System

1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

2 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Single Stage

Two Stage

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Diaphragm Inlet Outlet

Inlet

Outlet

Crank

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Eccentrically mounted

rotor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Helical Screws rotating

Opposite to each other

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor Ratings Typical factors determining nature of compressor

Displaced Volume or Displacement = Q (l min) or (lrev)

Nominal Speed = in rpm

Maximum Pressure = in Bar or psi

Tank Capacity = in litres

Maximum Flow = lmin or lsec

Fixed Type Variable Type

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Check Valve

Check Valve Spring Loaded

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

000 Bar

To measure Inlet amp Outlet Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

To remove water inside the Compressor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

Pressure Relief Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Drying agent such as

Dehydrated chalk

or

Magnesium chloride

It reacts with moisture

(in air) to form solution

which is drained from

the bottom

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

to remove contamination oil

vapors from the compressor

and water from the air

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production

System Combining All the components together

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Electrical Motor

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Air Dryer

Filter

Lubricator

Cooler

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Return

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Extend

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double-Acting 2-Cushion Cylinder

On large cylinders the shock forces

can be absorbed by an air cushion

that decelerates the piston over the

last portion of the stroke

Double Acting Cylinder with Cushion

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 4: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Who Discovered the Idea of Pneumatics

German Physicist amp

Engineer ndash Otto von Guericke

(1602-1686)

17th

Century

wwwnfiautomationorg

nfi

Magdeburg Hemispheres

Who Discovered the Idea of Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

nfi

Who Discovered the Idea of Pneumatics

Magdeburg Hemispheres

wwwnfiautomationorg

Force amp Pressure

Illustration of pressure varying with temperature

Pressure-temperature law

wwwnfiautomationorg

Boylersquos law or BoylendashMariotte law

the absolute pressure and volume of a given mass of confined gas are inversely

proportional if the temperature remains unchanged within a closed system

Thus it states that the product of pressure and volume is a constant for a given

mass of confined gas as long as the temperature is constant

pV= k

Pressure = Voltage

Volume = Capacitance

Flow rate = Current

Flow Restrictions = Resistance

wwwnfiautomationorg

Typical Units of Pressure

The SI unit for pressure is the Pascal (Pa) equal to one newton per

square meter (Nm2 or kgmiddotmminus1middotsminus2)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Typical Units of Air Flow CFM = Cubic feet per minute

Cubic meter per hour = MMMHour

Litres per minutes = lmin

wwwnfiautomationorg

Basic Pneumatic System How Bike Pump Works

wwwnfiautomationorg

Basic Industrial Pneumatic System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Basic Industrial Pneumatic System

Electrical MotorIT ACTIVATE WHEN PRESSURE IS

ABOVE CRACKING PRESSURE

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Pressure Relie f Valve 2

Double-Acting Cylinder

Gas-loaded Accum ulator w ith separator

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Exhaust

Com pressor With Left ShaftVariable

Solenoid

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System

1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

2 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Single Stage

Two Stage

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Diaphragm Inlet Outlet

Inlet

Outlet

Crank

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Eccentrically mounted

rotor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Helical Screws rotating

Opposite to each other

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor Ratings Typical factors determining nature of compressor

Displaced Volume or Displacement = Q (l min) or (lrev)

Nominal Speed = in rpm

Maximum Pressure = in Bar or psi

Tank Capacity = in litres

Maximum Flow = lmin or lsec

Fixed Type Variable Type

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Check Valve

Check Valve Spring Loaded

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

000 Bar

To measure Inlet amp Outlet Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

To remove water inside the Compressor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

Pressure Relief Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Drying agent such as

Dehydrated chalk

or

Magnesium chloride

It reacts with moisture

(in air) to form solution

which is drained from

the bottom

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

to remove contamination oil

vapors from the compressor

and water from the air

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production

System Combining All the components together

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Electrical Motor

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Air Dryer

Filter

Lubricator

Cooler

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Return

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Extend

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double-Acting 2-Cushion Cylinder

On large cylinders the shock forces

can be absorbed by an air cushion

that decelerates the piston over the

last portion of the stroke

Double Acting Cylinder with Cushion

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 5: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Magdeburg Hemispheres

Who Discovered the Idea of Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

nfi

Who Discovered the Idea of Pneumatics

Magdeburg Hemispheres

wwwnfiautomationorg

Force amp Pressure

Illustration of pressure varying with temperature

Pressure-temperature law

wwwnfiautomationorg

Boylersquos law or BoylendashMariotte law

the absolute pressure and volume of a given mass of confined gas are inversely

proportional if the temperature remains unchanged within a closed system

Thus it states that the product of pressure and volume is a constant for a given

mass of confined gas as long as the temperature is constant

pV= k

Pressure = Voltage

Volume = Capacitance

Flow rate = Current

Flow Restrictions = Resistance

wwwnfiautomationorg

Typical Units of Pressure

The SI unit for pressure is the Pascal (Pa) equal to one newton per

square meter (Nm2 or kgmiddotmminus1middotsminus2)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Typical Units of Air Flow CFM = Cubic feet per minute

Cubic meter per hour = MMMHour

Litres per minutes = lmin

wwwnfiautomationorg

Basic Pneumatic System How Bike Pump Works

wwwnfiautomationorg

Basic Industrial Pneumatic System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Basic Industrial Pneumatic System

Electrical MotorIT ACTIVATE WHEN PRESSURE IS

ABOVE CRACKING PRESSURE

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Pressure Relie f Valve 2

Double-Acting Cylinder

Gas-loaded Accum ulator w ith separator

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Exhaust

Com pressor With Left ShaftVariable

Solenoid

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System

1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

2 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Single Stage

Two Stage

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Diaphragm Inlet Outlet

Inlet

Outlet

Crank

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Eccentrically mounted

rotor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Helical Screws rotating

Opposite to each other

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor Ratings Typical factors determining nature of compressor

Displaced Volume or Displacement = Q (l min) or (lrev)

Nominal Speed = in rpm

Maximum Pressure = in Bar or psi

Tank Capacity = in litres

Maximum Flow = lmin or lsec

Fixed Type Variable Type

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Check Valve

Check Valve Spring Loaded

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

000 Bar

To measure Inlet amp Outlet Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

To remove water inside the Compressor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

Pressure Relief Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Drying agent such as

Dehydrated chalk

or

Magnesium chloride

It reacts with moisture

(in air) to form solution

which is drained from

the bottom

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

to remove contamination oil

vapors from the compressor

and water from the air

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production

System Combining All the components together

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Electrical Motor

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Air Dryer

Filter

Lubricator

Cooler

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Return

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Extend

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double-Acting 2-Cushion Cylinder

On large cylinders the shock forces

can be absorbed by an air cushion

that decelerates the piston over the

last portion of the stroke

Double Acting Cylinder with Cushion

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 6: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Who Discovered the Idea of Pneumatics

Magdeburg Hemispheres

wwwnfiautomationorg

Force amp Pressure

Illustration of pressure varying with temperature

Pressure-temperature law

wwwnfiautomationorg

Boylersquos law or BoylendashMariotte law

the absolute pressure and volume of a given mass of confined gas are inversely

proportional if the temperature remains unchanged within a closed system

Thus it states that the product of pressure and volume is a constant for a given

mass of confined gas as long as the temperature is constant

pV= k

Pressure = Voltage

Volume = Capacitance

Flow rate = Current

Flow Restrictions = Resistance

wwwnfiautomationorg

Typical Units of Pressure

The SI unit for pressure is the Pascal (Pa) equal to one newton per

square meter (Nm2 or kgmiddotmminus1middotsminus2)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Typical Units of Air Flow CFM = Cubic feet per minute

Cubic meter per hour = MMMHour

Litres per minutes = lmin

wwwnfiautomationorg

Basic Pneumatic System How Bike Pump Works

wwwnfiautomationorg

Basic Industrial Pneumatic System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Basic Industrial Pneumatic System

Electrical MotorIT ACTIVATE WHEN PRESSURE IS

ABOVE CRACKING PRESSURE

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Pressure Relie f Valve 2

Double-Acting Cylinder

Gas-loaded Accum ulator w ith separator

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Exhaust

Com pressor With Left ShaftVariable

Solenoid

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System

1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

2 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Single Stage

Two Stage

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Diaphragm Inlet Outlet

Inlet

Outlet

Crank

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Eccentrically mounted

rotor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Helical Screws rotating

Opposite to each other

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor Ratings Typical factors determining nature of compressor

Displaced Volume or Displacement = Q (l min) or (lrev)

Nominal Speed = in rpm

Maximum Pressure = in Bar or psi

Tank Capacity = in litres

Maximum Flow = lmin or lsec

Fixed Type Variable Type

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Check Valve

Check Valve Spring Loaded

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

000 Bar

To measure Inlet amp Outlet Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

To remove water inside the Compressor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

Pressure Relief Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Drying agent such as

Dehydrated chalk

or

Magnesium chloride

It reacts with moisture

(in air) to form solution

which is drained from

the bottom

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

to remove contamination oil

vapors from the compressor

and water from the air

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production

System Combining All the components together

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Electrical Motor

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Air Dryer

Filter

Lubricator

Cooler

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Return

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Extend

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double-Acting 2-Cushion Cylinder

On large cylinders the shock forces

can be absorbed by an air cushion

that decelerates the piston over the

last portion of the stroke

Double Acting Cylinder with Cushion

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 7: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Force amp Pressure

Illustration of pressure varying with temperature

Pressure-temperature law

wwwnfiautomationorg

Boylersquos law or BoylendashMariotte law

the absolute pressure and volume of a given mass of confined gas are inversely

proportional if the temperature remains unchanged within a closed system

Thus it states that the product of pressure and volume is a constant for a given

mass of confined gas as long as the temperature is constant

pV= k

Pressure = Voltage

Volume = Capacitance

Flow rate = Current

Flow Restrictions = Resistance

wwwnfiautomationorg

Typical Units of Pressure

The SI unit for pressure is the Pascal (Pa) equal to one newton per

square meter (Nm2 or kgmiddotmminus1middotsminus2)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Typical Units of Air Flow CFM = Cubic feet per minute

Cubic meter per hour = MMMHour

Litres per minutes = lmin

wwwnfiautomationorg

Basic Pneumatic System How Bike Pump Works

wwwnfiautomationorg

Basic Industrial Pneumatic System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Basic Industrial Pneumatic System

Electrical MotorIT ACTIVATE WHEN PRESSURE IS

ABOVE CRACKING PRESSURE

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Pressure Relie f Valve 2

Double-Acting Cylinder

Gas-loaded Accum ulator w ith separator

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Exhaust

Com pressor With Left ShaftVariable

Solenoid

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System

1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

2 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Single Stage

Two Stage

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Diaphragm Inlet Outlet

Inlet

Outlet

Crank

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Eccentrically mounted

rotor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Helical Screws rotating

Opposite to each other

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor Ratings Typical factors determining nature of compressor

Displaced Volume or Displacement = Q (l min) or (lrev)

Nominal Speed = in rpm

Maximum Pressure = in Bar or psi

Tank Capacity = in litres

Maximum Flow = lmin or lsec

Fixed Type Variable Type

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Check Valve

Check Valve Spring Loaded

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

000 Bar

To measure Inlet amp Outlet Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

To remove water inside the Compressor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

Pressure Relief Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Drying agent such as

Dehydrated chalk

or

Magnesium chloride

It reacts with moisture

(in air) to form solution

which is drained from

the bottom

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

to remove contamination oil

vapors from the compressor

and water from the air

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production

System Combining All the components together

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Electrical Motor

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Air Dryer

Filter

Lubricator

Cooler

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Return

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Extend

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double-Acting 2-Cushion Cylinder

On large cylinders the shock forces

can be absorbed by an air cushion

that decelerates the piston over the

last portion of the stroke

Double Acting Cylinder with Cushion

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 8: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Boylersquos law or BoylendashMariotte law

the absolute pressure and volume of a given mass of confined gas are inversely

proportional if the temperature remains unchanged within a closed system

Thus it states that the product of pressure and volume is a constant for a given

mass of confined gas as long as the temperature is constant

pV= k

Pressure = Voltage

Volume = Capacitance

Flow rate = Current

Flow Restrictions = Resistance

wwwnfiautomationorg

Typical Units of Pressure

The SI unit for pressure is the Pascal (Pa) equal to one newton per

square meter (Nm2 or kgmiddotmminus1middotsminus2)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Typical Units of Air Flow CFM = Cubic feet per minute

Cubic meter per hour = MMMHour

Litres per minutes = lmin

wwwnfiautomationorg

Basic Pneumatic System How Bike Pump Works

wwwnfiautomationorg

Basic Industrial Pneumatic System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Basic Industrial Pneumatic System

Electrical MotorIT ACTIVATE WHEN PRESSURE IS

ABOVE CRACKING PRESSURE

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Pressure Relie f Valve 2

Double-Acting Cylinder

Gas-loaded Accum ulator w ith separator

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Exhaust

Com pressor With Left ShaftVariable

Solenoid

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System

1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

2 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Single Stage

Two Stage

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Diaphragm Inlet Outlet

Inlet

Outlet

Crank

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Eccentrically mounted

rotor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Helical Screws rotating

Opposite to each other

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor Ratings Typical factors determining nature of compressor

Displaced Volume or Displacement = Q (l min) or (lrev)

Nominal Speed = in rpm

Maximum Pressure = in Bar or psi

Tank Capacity = in litres

Maximum Flow = lmin or lsec

Fixed Type Variable Type

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Check Valve

Check Valve Spring Loaded

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

000 Bar

To measure Inlet amp Outlet Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

To remove water inside the Compressor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

Pressure Relief Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Drying agent such as

Dehydrated chalk

or

Magnesium chloride

It reacts with moisture

(in air) to form solution

which is drained from

the bottom

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

to remove contamination oil

vapors from the compressor

and water from the air

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production

System Combining All the components together

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Electrical Motor

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Air Dryer

Filter

Lubricator

Cooler

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Return

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Extend

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double-Acting 2-Cushion Cylinder

On large cylinders the shock forces

can be absorbed by an air cushion

that decelerates the piston over the

last portion of the stroke

Double Acting Cylinder with Cushion

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 9: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Typical Units of Pressure

The SI unit for pressure is the Pascal (Pa) equal to one newton per

square meter (Nm2 or kgmiddotmminus1middotsminus2)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Typical Units of Air Flow CFM = Cubic feet per minute

Cubic meter per hour = MMMHour

Litres per minutes = lmin

wwwnfiautomationorg

Basic Pneumatic System How Bike Pump Works

wwwnfiautomationorg

Basic Industrial Pneumatic System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Basic Industrial Pneumatic System

Electrical MotorIT ACTIVATE WHEN PRESSURE IS

ABOVE CRACKING PRESSURE

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Pressure Relie f Valve 2

Double-Acting Cylinder

Gas-loaded Accum ulator w ith separator

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Exhaust

Com pressor With Left ShaftVariable

Solenoid

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System

1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

2 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Single Stage

Two Stage

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Diaphragm Inlet Outlet

Inlet

Outlet

Crank

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Eccentrically mounted

rotor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Helical Screws rotating

Opposite to each other

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor Ratings Typical factors determining nature of compressor

Displaced Volume or Displacement = Q (l min) or (lrev)

Nominal Speed = in rpm

Maximum Pressure = in Bar or psi

Tank Capacity = in litres

Maximum Flow = lmin or lsec

Fixed Type Variable Type

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Check Valve

Check Valve Spring Loaded

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

000 Bar

To measure Inlet amp Outlet Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

To remove water inside the Compressor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

Pressure Relief Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Drying agent such as

Dehydrated chalk

or

Magnesium chloride

It reacts with moisture

(in air) to form solution

which is drained from

the bottom

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

to remove contamination oil

vapors from the compressor

and water from the air

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production

System Combining All the components together

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Electrical Motor

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Air Dryer

Filter

Lubricator

Cooler

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Return

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Extend

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double-Acting 2-Cushion Cylinder

On large cylinders the shock forces

can be absorbed by an air cushion

that decelerates the piston over the

last portion of the stroke

Double Acting Cylinder with Cushion

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 10: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Typical Units of Air Flow CFM = Cubic feet per minute

Cubic meter per hour = MMMHour

Litres per minutes = lmin

wwwnfiautomationorg

Basic Pneumatic System How Bike Pump Works

wwwnfiautomationorg

Basic Industrial Pneumatic System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Basic Industrial Pneumatic System

Electrical MotorIT ACTIVATE WHEN PRESSURE IS

ABOVE CRACKING PRESSURE

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Pressure Relie f Valve 2

Double-Acting Cylinder

Gas-loaded Accum ulator w ith separator

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Exhaust

Com pressor With Left ShaftVariable

Solenoid

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System

1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

2 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Single Stage

Two Stage

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Diaphragm Inlet Outlet

Inlet

Outlet

Crank

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Eccentrically mounted

rotor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Helical Screws rotating

Opposite to each other

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor Ratings Typical factors determining nature of compressor

Displaced Volume or Displacement = Q (l min) or (lrev)

Nominal Speed = in rpm

Maximum Pressure = in Bar or psi

Tank Capacity = in litres

Maximum Flow = lmin or lsec

Fixed Type Variable Type

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Check Valve

Check Valve Spring Loaded

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

000 Bar

To measure Inlet amp Outlet Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

To remove water inside the Compressor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

Pressure Relief Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Drying agent such as

Dehydrated chalk

or

Magnesium chloride

It reacts with moisture

(in air) to form solution

which is drained from

the bottom

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

to remove contamination oil

vapors from the compressor

and water from the air

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production

System Combining All the components together

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Electrical Motor

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Air Dryer

Filter

Lubricator

Cooler

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Return

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Extend

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double-Acting 2-Cushion Cylinder

On large cylinders the shock forces

can be absorbed by an air cushion

that decelerates the piston over the

last portion of the stroke

Double Acting Cylinder with Cushion

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 11: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Basic Pneumatic System How Bike Pump Works

wwwnfiautomationorg

Basic Industrial Pneumatic System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Basic Industrial Pneumatic System

Electrical MotorIT ACTIVATE WHEN PRESSURE IS

ABOVE CRACKING PRESSURE

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Pressure Relie f Valve 2

Double-Acting Cylinder

Gas-loaded Accum ulator w ith separator

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Exhaust

Com pressor With Left ShaftVariable

Solenoid

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System

1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

2 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Single Stage

Two Stage

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Diaphragm Inlet Outlet

Inlet

Outlet

Crank

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Eccentrically mounted

rotor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Helical Screws rotating

Opposite to each other

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor Ratings Typical factors determining nature of compressor

Displaced Volume or Displacement = Q (l min) or (lrev)

Nominal Speed = in rpm

Maximum Pressure = in Bar or psi

Tank Capacity = in litres

Maximum Flow = lmin or lsec

Fixed Type Variable Type

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Check Valve

Check Valve Spring Loaded

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

000 Bar

To measure Inlet amp Outlet Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

To remove water inside the Compressor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

Pressure Relief Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Drying agent such as

Dehydrated chalk

or

Magnesium chloride

It reacts with moisture

(in air) to form solution

which is drained from

the bottom

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

to remove contamination oil

vapors from the compressor

and water from the air

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production

System Combining All the components together

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Electrical Motor

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Air Dryer

Filter

Lubricator

Cooler

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Return

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Extend

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double-Acting 2-Cushion Cylinder

On large cylinders the shock forces

can be absorbed by an air cushion

that decelerates the piston over the

last portion of the stroke

Double Acting Cylinder with Cushion

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 12: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Basic Industrial Pneumatic System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Basic Industrial Pneumatic System

Electrical MotorIT ACTIVATE WHEN PRESSURE IS

ABOVE CRACKING PRESSURE

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Pressure Relie f Valve 2

Double-Acting Cylinder

Gas-loaded Accum ulator w ith separator

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Exhaust

Com pressor With Left ShaftVariable

Solenoid

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System

1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

2 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Single Stage

Two Stage

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Diaphragm Inlet Outlet

Inlet

Outlet

Crank

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Eccentrically mounted

rotor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Helical Screws rotating

Opposite to each other

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor Ratings Typical factors determining nature of compressor

Displaced Volume or Displacement = Q (l min) or (lrev)

Nominal Speed = in rpm

Maximum Pressure = in Bar or psi

Tank Capacity = in litres

Maximum Flow = lmin or lsec

Fixed Type Variable Type

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Check Valve

Check Valve Spring Loaded

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

000 Bar

To measure Inlet amp Outlet Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

To remove water inside the Compressor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

Pressure Relief Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Drying agent such as

Dehydrated chalk

or

Magnesium chloride

It reacts with moisture

(in air) to form solution

which is drained from

the bottom

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

to remove contamination oil

vapors from the compressor

and water from the air

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production

System Combining All the components together

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Electrical Motor

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Air Dryer

Filter

Lubricator

Cooler

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Return

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Extend

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double-Acting 2-Cushion Cylinder

On large cylinders the shock forces

can be absorbed by an air cushion

that decelerates the piston over the

last portion of the stroke

Double Acting Cylinder with Cushion

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 13: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Basic Industrial Pneumatic System

Electrical MotorIT ACTIVATE WHEN PRESSURE IS

ABOVE CRACKING PRESSURE

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Pressure Relie f Valve 2

Double-Acting Cylinder

Gas-loaded Accum ulator w ith separator

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Exhaust

Com pressor With Left ShaftVariable

Solenoid

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System

1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

2 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Single Stage

Two Stage

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Diaphragm Inlet Outlet

Inlet

Outlet

Crank

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Eccentrically mounted

rotor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Helical Screws rotating

Opposite to each other

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor Ratings Typical factors determining nature of compressor

Displaced Volume or Displacement = Q (l min) or (lrev)

Nominal Speed = in rpm

Maximum Pressure = in Bar or psi

Tank Capacity = in litres

Maximum Flow = lmin or lsec

Fixed Type Variable Type

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Check Valve

Check Valve Spring Loaded

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

000 Bar

To measure Inlet amp Outlet Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

To remove water inside the Compressor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

Pressure Relief Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Drying agent such as

Dehydrated chalk

or

Magnesium chloride

It reacts with moisture

(in air) to form solution

which is drained from

the bottom

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

to remove contamination oil

vapors from the compressor

and water from the air

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production

System Combining All the components together

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Electrical Motor

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Air Dryer

Filter

Lubricator

Cooler

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Return

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Extend

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double-Acting 2-Cushion Cylinder

On large cylinders the shock forces

can be absorbed by an air cushion

that decelerates the piston over the

last portion of the stroke

Double Acting Cylinder with Cushion

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 14: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Two Sections of Pneumatic System

1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

2 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Single Stage

Two Stage

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Diaphragm Inlet Outlet

Inlet

Outlet

Crank

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Eccentrically mounted

rotor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Helical Screws rotating

Opposite to each other

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor Ratings Typical factors determining nature of compressor

Displaced Volume or Displacement = Q (l min) or (lrev)

Nominal Speed = in rpm

Maximum Pressure = in Bar or psi

Tank Capacity = in litres

Maximum Flow = lmin or lsec

Fixed Type Variable Type

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Check Valve

Check Valve Spring Loaded

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

000 Bar

To measure Inlet amp Outlet Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

To remove water inside the Compressor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

Pressure Relief Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Drying agent such as

Dehydrated chalk

or

Magnesium chloride

It reacts with moisture

(in air) to form solution

which is drained from

the bottom

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

to remove contamination oil

vapors from the compressor

and water from the air

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production

System Combining All the components together

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Electrical Motor

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Air Dryer

Filter

Lubricator

Cooler

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Return

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Extend

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double-Acting 2-Cushion Cylinder

On large cylinders the shock forces

can be absorbed by an air cushion

that decelerates the piston over the

last portion of the stroke

Double Acting Cylinder with Cushion

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 15: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

2 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Single Stage

Two Stage

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Diaphragm Inlet Outlet

Inlet

Outlet

Crank

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Eccentrically mounted

rotor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Helical Screws rotating

Opposite to each other

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor Ratings Typical factors determining nature of compressor

Displaced Volume or Displacement = Q (l min) or (lrev)

Nominal Speed = in rpm

Maximum Pressure = in Bar or psi

Tank Capacity = in litres

Maximum Flow = lmin or lsec

Fixed Type Variable Type

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Check Valve

Check Valve Spring Loaded

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

000 Bar

To measure Inlet amp Outlet Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

To remove water inside the Compressor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

Pressure Relief Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Drying agent such as

Dehydrated chalk

or

Magnesium chloride

It reacts with moisture

(in air) to form solution

which is drained from

the bottom

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

to remove contamination oil

vapors from the compressor

and water from the air

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production

System Combining All the components together

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Electrical Motor

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Air Dryer

Filter

Lubricator

Cooler

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Return

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Extend

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double-Acting 2-Cushion Cylinder

On large cylinders the shock forces

can be absorbed by an air cushion

that decelerates the piston over the

last portion of the stroke

Double Acting Cylinder with Cushion

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 16: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

2 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Single Stage

Two Stage

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Diaphragm Inlet Outlet

Inlet

Outlet

Crank

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Eccentrically mounted

rotor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Helical Screws rotating

Opposite to each other

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor Ratings Typical factors determining nature of compressor

Displaced Volume or Displacement = Q (l min) or (lrev)

Nominal Speed = in rpm

Maximum Pressure = in Bar or psi

Tank Capacity = in litres

Maximum Flow = lmin or lsec

Fixed Type Variable Type

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Check Valve

Check Valve Spring Loaded

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

000 Bar

To measure Inlet amp Outlet Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

To remove water inside the Compressor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

Pressure Relief Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Drying agent such as

Dehydrated chalk

or

Magnesium chloride

It reacts with moisture

(in air) to form solution

which is drained from

the bottom

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

to remove contamination oil

vapors from the compressor

and water from the air

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production

System Combining All the components together

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Electrical Motor

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Air Dryer

Filter

Lubricator

Cooler

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Return

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Extend

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double-Acting 2-Cushion Cylinder

On large cylinders the shock forces

can be absorbed by an air cushion

that decelerates the piston over the

last portion of the stroke

Double Acting Cylinder with Cushion

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 17: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Single Stage

Two Stage

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Diaphragm Inlet Outlet

Inlet

Outlet

Crank

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Eccentrically mounted

rotor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Helical Screws rotating

Opposite to each other

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor Ratings Typical factors determining nature of compressor

Displaced Volume or Displacement = Q (l min) or (lrev)

Nominal Speed = in rpm

Maximum Pressure = in Bar or psi

Tank Capacity = in litres

Maximum Flow = lmin or lsec

Fixed Type Variable Type

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Check Valve

Check Valve Spring Loaded

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

000 Bar

To measure Inlet amp Outlet Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

To remove water inside the Compressor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

Pressure Relief Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Drying agent such as

Dehydrated chalk

or

Magnesium chloride

It reacts with moisture

(in air) to form solution

which is drained from

the bottom

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

to remove contamination oil

vapors from the compressor

and water from the air

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production

System Combining All the components together

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Electrical Motor

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Air Dryer

Filter

Lubricator

Cooler

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Return

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Extend

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double-Acting 2-Cushion Cylinder

On large cylinders the shock forces

can be absorbed by an air cushion

that decelerates the piston over the

last portion of the stroke

Double Acting Cylinder with Cushion

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 18: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Compressor

1 Reciprocating Type ndash Piston amp Diaphragm

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Diaphragm Inlet Outlet

Inlet

Outlet

Crank

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Eccentrically mounted

rotor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Helical Screws rotating

Opposite to each other

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor Ratings Typical factors determining nature of compressor

Displaced Volume or Displacement = Q (l min) or (lrev)

Nominal Speed = in rpm

Maximum Pressure = in Bar or psi

Tank Capacity = in litres

Maximum Flow = lmin or lsec

Fixed Type Variable Type

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Check Valve

Check Valve Spring Loaded

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

000 Bar

To measure Inlet amp Outlet Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

To remove water inside the Compressor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

Pressure Relief Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Drying agent such as

Dehydrated chalk

or

Magnesium chloride

It reacts with moisture

(in air) to form solution

which is drained from

the bottom

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

to remove contamination oil

vapors from the compressor

and water from the air

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production

System Combining All the components together

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Electrical Motor

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Air Dryer

Filter

Lubricator

Cooler

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Return

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Extend

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double-Acting 2-Cushion Cylinder

On large cylinders the shock forces

can be absorbed by an air cushion

that decelerates the piston over the

last portion of the stroke

Double Acting Cylinder with Cushion

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 19: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Compressor

1 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Eccentrically mounted

rotor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor

1 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Helical Screws rotating

Opposite to each other

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor Ratings Typical factors determining nature of compressor

Displaced Volume or Displacement = Q (l min) or (lrev)

Nominal Speed = in rpm

Maximum Pressure = in Bar or psi

Tank Capacity = in litres

Maximum Flow = lmin or lsec

Fixed Type Variable Type

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Check Valve

Check Valve Spring Loaded

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

000 Bar

To measure Inlet amp Outlet Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

To remove water inside the Compressor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

Pressure Relief Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Drying agent such as

Dehydrated chalk

or

Magnesium chloride

It reacts with moisture

(in air) to form solution

which is drained from

the bottom

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

to remove contamination oil

vapors from the compressor

and water from the air

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production

System Combining All the components together

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Electrical Motor

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Air Dryer

Filter

Lubricator

Cooler

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Return

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Extend

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double-Acting 2-Cushion Cylinder

On large cylinders the shock forces

can be absorbed by an air cushion

that decelerates the piston over the

last portion of the stroke

Double Acting Cylinder with Cushion

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 20: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Compressor

1 Rotary - Vane amp Screw Type

Converts mechanical energy into pneumatic energy

Helical Screws rotating

Opposite to each other

wwwnfiautomationorg

Compressor Ratings Typical factors determining nature of compressor

Displaced Volume or Displacement = Q (l min) or (lrev)

Nominal Speed = in rpm

Maximum Pressure = in Bar or psi

Tank Capacity = in litres

Maximum Flow = lmin or lsec

Fixed Type Variable Type

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Check Valve

Check Valve Spring Loaded

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

000 Bar

To measure Inlet amp Outlet Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

To remove water inside the Compressor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

Pressure Relief Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Drying agent such as

Dehydrated chalk

or

Magnesium chloride

It reacts with moisture

(in air) to form solution

which is drained from

the bottom

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

to remove contamination oil

vapors from the compressor

and water from the air

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production

System Combining All the components together

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Electrical Motor

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Air Dryer

Filter

Lubricator

Cooler

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Return

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Extend

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double-Acting 2-Cushion Cylinder

On large cylinders the shock forces

can be absorbed by an air cushion

that decelerates the piston over the

last portion of the stroke

Double Acting Cylinder with Cushion

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 21: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Compressor Ratings Typical factors determining nature of compressor

Displaced Volume or Displacement = Q (l min) or (lrev)

Nominal Speed = in rpm

Maximum Pressure = in Bar or psi

Tank Capacity = in litres

Maximum Flow = lmin or lsec

Fixed Type Variable Type

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Check Valve

Check Valve Spring Loaded

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

000 Bar

To measure Inlet amp Outlet Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

To remove water inside the Compressor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

Pressure Relief Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Drying agent such as

Dehydrated chalk

or

Magnesium chloride

It reacts with moisture

(in air) to form solution

which is drained from

the bottom

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

to remove contamination oil

vapors from the compressor

and water from the air

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production

System Combining All the components together

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Electrical Motor

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Air Dryer

Filter

Lubricator

Cooler

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Return

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Extend

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double-Acting 2-Cushion Cylinder

On large cylinders the shock forces

can be absorbed by an air cushion

that decelerates the piston over the

last portion of the stroke

Double Acting Cylinder with Cushion

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 22: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Check Valve

Check Valve Spring Loaded

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

000 Bar

To measure Inlet amp Outlet Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

To remove water inside the Compressor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

Pressure Relief Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Drying agent such as

Dehydrated chalk

or

Magnesium chloride

It reacts with moisture

(in air) to form solution

which is drained from

the bottom

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

to remove contamination oil

vapors from the compressor

and water from the air

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production

System Combining All the components together

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Electrical Motor

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Air Dryer

Filter

Lubricator

Cooler

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Return

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Extend

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double-Acting 2-Cushion Cylinder

On large cylinders the shock forces

can be absorbed by an air cushion

that decelerates the piston over the

last portion of the stroke

Double Acting Cylinder with Cushion

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 23: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Components of

Air Production System

For Auto Cut off at required

Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Check Valve

Check Valve Spring Loaded

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

000 Bar

To measure Inlet amp Outlet Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

To remove water inside the Compressor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

Pressure Relief Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Drying agent such as

Dehydrated chalk

or

Magnesium chloride

It reacts with moisture

(in air) to form solution

which is drained from

the bottom

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

to remove contamination oil

vapors from the compressor

and water from the air

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production

System Combining All the components together

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Electrical Motor

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Air Dryer

Filter

Lubricator

Cooler

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Return

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Extend

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double-Acting 2-Cushion Cylinder

On large cylinders the shock forces

can be absorbed by an air cushion

that decelerates the piston over the

last portion of the stroke

Double Acting Cylinder with Cushion

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 24: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Check Valve

Check Valve Spring Loaded

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

000 Bar

To measure Inlet amp Outlet Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

To remove water inside the Compressor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

Pressure Relief Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Drying agent such as

Dehydrated chalk

or

Magnesium chloride

It reacts with moisture

(in air) to form solution

which is drained from

the bottom

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

to remove contamination oil

vapors from the compressor

and water from the air

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production

System Combining All the components together

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Electrical Motor

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Air Dryer

Filter

Lubricator

Cooler

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Return

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Extend

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double-Acting 2-Cushion Cylinder

On large cylinders the shock forces

can be absorbed by an air cushion

that decelerates the piston over the

last portion of the stroke

Double Acting Cylinder with Cushion

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 25: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Components of

Air Production System

Check Valve

Check Valve Spring Loaded

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

000 Bar

To measure Inlet amp Outlet Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

To remove water inside the Compressor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

Pressure Relief Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Drying agent such as

Dehydrated chalk

or

Magnesium chloride

It reacts with moisture

(in air) to form solution

which is drained from

the bottom

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

to remove contamination oil

vapors from the compressor

and water from the air

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production

System Combining All the components together

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Electrical Motor

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Air Dryer

Filter

Lubricator

Cooler

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Return

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Extend

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double-Acting 2-Cushion Cylinder

On large cylinders the shock forces

can be absorbed by an air cushion

that decelerates the piston over the

last portion of the stroke

Double Acting Cylinder with Cushion

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 26: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

000 Bar

To measure Inlet amp Outlet Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

To remove water inside the Compressor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

Pressure Relief Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Drying agent such as

Dehydrated chalk

or

Magnesium chloride

It reacts with moisture

(in air) to form solution

which is drained from

the bottom

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

to remove contamination oil

vapors from the compressor

and water from the air

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production

System Combining All the components together

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Electrical Motor

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Air Dryer

Filter

Lubricator

Cooler

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Return

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Extend

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double-Acting 2-Cushion Cylinder

On large cylinders the shock forces

can be absorbed by an air cushion

that decelerates the piston over the

last portion of the stroke

Double Acting Cylinder with Cushion

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 27: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

000 Bar

To measure Inlet amp Outlet Pressure

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

To remove water inside the Compressor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

Pressure Relief Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Drying agent such as

Dehydrated chalk

or

Magnesium chloride

It reacts with moisture

(in air) to form solution

which is drained from

the bottom

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

to remove contamination oil

vapors from the compressor

and water from the air

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production

System Combining All the components together

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Electrical Motor

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Air Dryer

Filter

Lubricator

Cooler

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Return

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Extend

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double-Acting 2-Cushion Cylinder

On large cylinders the shock forces

can be absorbed by an air cushion

that decelerates the piston over the

last portion of the stroke

Double Acting Cylinder with Cushion

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 28: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

To remove water inside the Compressor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

Pressure Relief Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Drying agent such as

Dehydrated chalk

or

Magnesium chloride

It reacts with moisture

(in air) to form solution

which is drained from

the bottom

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

to remove contamination oil

vapors from the compressor

and water from the air

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production

System Combining All the components together

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Electrical Motor

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Air Dryer

Filter

Lubricator

Cooler

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Return

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Extend

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double-Acting 2-Cushion Cylinder

On large cylinders the shock forces

can be absorbed by an air cushion

that decelerates the piston over the

last portion of the stroke

Double Acting Cylinder with Cushion

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 29: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

To remove water inside the Compressor

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

Pressure Relief Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Drying agent such as

Dehydrated chalk

or

Magnesium chloride

It reacts with moisture

(in air) to form solution

which is drained from

the bottom

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

to remove contamination oil

vapors from the compressor

and water from the air

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production

System Combining All the components together

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Electrical Motor

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Air Dryer

Filter

Lubricator

Cooler

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Return

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Extend

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double-Acting 2-Cushion Cylinder

On large cylinders the shock forces

can be absorbed by an air cushion

that decelerates the piston over the

last portion of the stroke

Double Acting Cylinder with Cushion

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 30: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

Pressure Relief Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Drying agent such as

Dehydrated chalk

or

Magnesium chloride

It reacts with moisture

(in air) to form solution

which is drained from

the bottom

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

to remove contamination oil

vapors from the compressor

and water from the air

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production

System Combining All the components together

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Electrical Motor

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Air Dryer

Filter

Lubricator

Cooler

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Return

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Extend

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double-Acting 2-Cushion Cylinder

On large cylinders the shock forces

can be absorbed by an air cushion

that decelerates the piston over the

last portion of the stroke

Double Acting Cylinder with Cushion

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 31: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

Pressure Relief Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Drying agent such as

Dehydrated chalk

or

Magnesium chloride

It reacts with moisture

(in air) to form solution

which is drained from

the bottom

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

to remove contamination oil

vapors from the compressor

and water from the air

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production

System Combining All the components together

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Electrical Motor

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Air Dryer

Filter

Lubricator

Cooler

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Return

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Extend

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double-Acting 2-Cushion Cylinder

On large cylinders the shock forces

can be absorbed by an air cushion

that decelerates the piston over the

last portion of the stroke

Double Acting Cylinder with Cushion

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 32: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

Drying agent such as

Dehydrated chalk

or

Magnesium chloride

It reacts with moisture

(in air) to form solution

which is drained from

the bottom

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

to remove contamination oil

vapors from the compressor

and water from the air

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production

System Combining All the components together

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Electrical Motor

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Air Dryer

Filter

Lubricator

Cooler

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Return

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Extend

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double-Acting 2-Cushion Cylinder

On large cylinders the shock forces

can be absorbed by an air cushion

that decelerates the piston over the

last portion of the stroke

Double Acting Cylinder with Cushion

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 33: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Components of

Air Production System

Drying agent such as

Dehydrated chalk

or

Magnesium chloride

It reacts with moisture

(in air) to form solution

which is drained from

the bottom

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

to remove contamination oil

vapors from the compressor

and water from the air

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production

System Combining All the components together

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Electrical Motor

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Air Dryer

Filter

Lubricator

Cooler

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Return

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Extend

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double-Acting 2-Cushion Cylinder

On large cylinders the shock forces

can be absorbed by an air cushion

that decelerates the piston over the

last portion of the stroke

Double Acting Cylinder with Cushion

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 34: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Components of

Air Production System

1 Compressor

2 Electric Motor

3 Pressure Switch

4 Check Valve

5 Tank

6 Pressure gauge

7 Auto Drain

8 Safety Valve

9 Air Dryer

10 Line Filter

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production System

to remove contamination oil

vapors from the compressor

and water from the air

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production

System Combining All the components together

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Electrical Motor

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Air Dryer

Filter

Lubricator

Cooler

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Return

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Extend

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double-Acting 2-Cushion Cylinder

On large cylinders the shock forces

can be absorbed by an air cushion

that decelerates the piston over the

last portion of the stroke

Double Acting Cylinder with Cushion

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 35: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Components of

Air Production System

to remove contamination oil

vapors from the compressor

and water from the air

wwwnfiautomationorg

Components of

Air Production

System Combining All the components together

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Electrical Motor

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Air Dryer

Filter

Lubricator

Cooler

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Return

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Extend

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double-Acting 2-Cushion Cylinder

On large cylinders the shock forces

can be absorbed by an air cushion

that decelerates the piston over the

last portion of the stroke

Double Acting Cylinder with Cushion

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 36: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Components of

Air Production

System Combining All the components together

000 Bar

Pressure Indicator

Electrical Motor

Pneum atic Pressure Source

Air Dryer

Filter

Lubricator

Cooler

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Return

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Extend

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double-Acting 2-Cushion Cylinder

On large cylinders the shock forces

can be absorbed by an air cushion

that decelerates the piston over the

last portion of the stroke

Double Acting Cylinder with Cushion

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 37: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Return

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Extend

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double-Acting 2-Cushion Cylinder

On large cylinders the shock forces

can be absorbed by an air cushion

that decelerates the piston over the

last portion of the stroke

Double Acting Cylinder with Cushion

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 38: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Return

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Extend

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double-Acting 2-Cushion Cylinder

On large cylinders the shock forces

can be absorbed by an air cushion

that decelerates the piston over the

last portion of the stroke

Double Acting Cylinder with Cushion

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 39: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Return

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Extend

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double-Acting 2-Cushion Cylinder

On large cylinders the shock forces

can be absorbed by an air cushion

that decelerates the piston over the

last portion of the stroke

Double Acting Cylinder with Cushion

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 40: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Single Acting Cylinder

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Return

Single-Acting Cylinder With Spring Extend

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double-Acting 2-Cushion Cylinder

On large cylinders the shock forces

can be absorbed by an air cushion

that decelerates the piston over the

last portion of the stroke

Double Acting Cylinder with Cushion

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 41: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double-Acting 2-Cushion Cylinder

On large cylinders the shock forces

can be absorbed by an air cushion

that decelerates the piston over the

last portion of the stroke

Double Acting Cylinder with Cushion

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 42: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double Acting Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double-Acting 2-Cushion Cylinder

On large cylinders the shock forces

can be absorbed by an air cushion

that decelerates the piston over the

last portion of the stroke

Double Acting Cylinder with Cushion

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 43: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

Double-Acting 2-Cushion Cylinder

On large cylinders the shock forces

can be absorbed by an air cushion

that decelerates the piston over the

last portion of the stroke

Double Acting Cylinder with Cushion

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 44: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

Used to produce linear motion

A double ended piston rod makes a cylinder stronger against side

load as it has two bearings at the widest distance possible This type

of cylinder is often mounted with rods fixed and the cylinder itself

moving to displace a part

Double Acting Double Rod Cylinder

Double-Acting Double-Rod Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 45: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Air Consuming Section Actuators ndash Other types of Cylinders

Used to produce rotarylinear motion

Rotary Actuator- Vane Type Rodless Cylinder

wwwnfiautomationorg

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 46: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Piston Force Dependant on the air pressure the cylinder diameter and the frictional

resistance of the sealing components

Fth = A p

Fth = Theoretical piston force in N

A = Useful piston area in cmsup2

p = Operation pressure in kPa

Fn = Effective piston force in Newton (N)

FR = frictional force (3-20) in Newton (N)

Fn = A p ndash (FR+FF)

Single Acting Cyl

Fn = A p ndash FR

Double Acting Cyl

wwwnfiautomationorg

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 47: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Two Sections of Pneumatic System 1 Air Production amp Distribution System

2 Air Consuming System

Elements of Air Consuming System

1 Actuators ndash Pneumatic Cylinders

2 Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

wwwnfiautomationorg

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 48: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Valves ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV) 1 Allowing the passage of air and directing it to particular

air lines

2 Canceling air signals as required by blocking their passage

and or

3 Relieving the air to atmosphere

wwwnfiautomationorg

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 49: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

32ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

32 Spring return

Valve NC

32 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 50: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

52ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

52 Spring return

Valve NC

52 Spring return

Valve NO

wwwnfiautomationorg

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 51: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

53ndash Directional Control Valves (DCV)

To stop the cylinder in between

53 Double Button Spring Return Valve

000 Bar

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 52: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate two Single Acting Spring Return

cylinder with one 32 Valve

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate Double acting Cylinder with 52

Valve

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 53: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Flow Control Valves Throttle Valve To control the flow

Fixed Throttle

Valve

Variable Throttle

Valve

Non Return

Throttle Valve

Variable Non Return

Throttle Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 54: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Flow Control Valves Check Valve The check valve allows oil flow in one direction and blocks it

in the opposite direction

Check Valve

Spring Loaded

Check Valve

Pilot to Open

Check Valve

Pilot to Close

Check Valve

wwwnfiautomationorg

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 55: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Shut off Valves

The shut-off valve can isolate 2 distinct lines in an hydraulic

circuit

Shut off Valve

Normally Open

wwwnfiautomationorg

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 56: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Vacuum Generator

To generate vacuum

Inlet

Exhaust

Vacuum Pressure

Vacuum Cup

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 57: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Pneumatics Flow Lines amp Connections

Silencer Pneumatic Pressure

Source

Pneumatic Exhaust

Pneumatic T Connector Pneumatic other Fittings Pneumatic Pipes

wwwnfiautomationorg

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 58: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 59: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Electro- Pneumatics

wwwnfiautomationorg

Including ElectronicsElectrical Circuits in Pneumatics Circuit to control

automatically ndash typically referred to DCV

Solenoid

Solenoid Ratings 24 VDC 220 VAC

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 60: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Pneumatics Exercises

wwwnfiautomationorg

1) Draw an Electro- pneumatic circuit to actuate Single acting cylinder with

32 solenoid valve actuated by Toggle switch

2) Draw a pneumatic circuit to actuate amp latch Double acting Cylinder with

53 Spring return Solenoid Valve

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 61: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 62: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Pneumatics Applications

ndash Pick amp Place Robotic Arm driven by PLC

wwwnfiautomationorg

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 63: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

Festo Pneumatics Applications

wwwnfiautomationorg

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 64: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

FREE PLC Course -

ldquoLearn PLC in a DAYrdquo

Automation Knowledge Base

wwwnfiautomationorg

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi

Page 65: NFI - Industrial Pneumatics

rajvirnfiautomationorg

9988808455

thank you

nfi


THE SOLVER - Motion Industries...• Pneumatics • Hydraulics • Hydraulic Hose • Industrial Hose • Material Handling • Process Pumps & Equipment • Industrial Supplies •

THE SOLVER - Motion Industries...• Pneumatics • Hydraulics • Hydraulic Hose • Industrial Hose • Material Handling • Process Pumps & Equipment • Industrial Supplies •

Boating Valves Pneumatics Precision turning Pneumatics ...

Boating Valves Pneumatics Precision turning Pneumatics ...

SMC Basic Pneumatics Basic Pneumatics

SMC Basic Pneumatics Basic Pneumatics

NFI Manual Philippines

NFI Manual Philippines

Pneumatics & Fluid Control Industrial Hydraulics ...€¦ · Pneumatics & Fluid Control Industrial Hydraulics & Lubrication Motion Control & Automation Mobile Products Engineered

Pneumatics & Fluid Control Industrial Hydraulics ...€¦ · Pneumatics & Fluid Control Industrial Hydraulics & Lubrication Motion Control & Automation Mobile Products Engineered

Universal Hydraulics & Pneumatics...About Us Since our genesis in 2008, we are engaged in supplying a wide assortment of pneumatics hoses, valves, industrial pneumatic valves, industrial

Universal Hydraulics & Pneumatics...About Us Since our genesis in 2008, we are engaged in supplying a wide assortment of pneumatics hoses, valves, industrial pneumatic valves, industrial

Workshop on Industrial Pneumatics - Ashwin - Ashwin R · PDF fileWorkshop on Industrial Pneumatics Schrader Bellows. Pneumatic circuit elements ... Microsoft PowerPoint - Workshop

Workshop on Industrial Pneumatics - Ashwin - Ashwin R · PDF fileWorkshop on Industrial Pneumatics Schrader Bellows. Pneumatic circuit elements ... Microsoft PowerPoint - Workshop

NFI - Brouchure

NFI - Brouchure

Course Catalog - Applied Send your request to applied@maintpro.com, ... including Industrial Pneumatics, Industrial Hydraulics, Power Transmission Technology, Welding and Paint &

Course Catalog - Applied Send your request to [email protected], ... including Industrial Pneumatics, Industrial Hydraulics, Power Transmission Technology, Welding and Paint &

Nfi b2 b_customerfacing_011212_final

Nfi b2 b_customerfacing_011212_final

Final NFI Layout

Final NFI Layout

Industrial Hydraulics - ИмпортТехСнаб · Industrial Hydraulics Electric Drives and Controls Linear Motion and Assembly Technologies Pneumatics Service Automation Mobile

Industrial Hydraulics - ИмпортТехСнаб · Industrial Hydraulics Electric Drives and Controls Linear Motion and Assembly Technologies Pneumatics Service Automation Mobile

Nfi intro +courses

Nfi intro +courses

Interne Notitie NFI

Interne Notitie NFI

Basic Industrial Pneumatics - Applied Industrial …web.applied.com/assets/attachments/1F84C138-9E90-44C3-8EC29D41CFB1...Basic Industrial Pneumatics Basic Industrial Pneumatics Training

Basic Industrial Pneumatics - Applied Industrial …web.applied.com/assets/attachments/1F84C138-9E90-44C3-8EC29D41CFB1...Basic Industrial Pneumatics Basic Industrial Pneumatics Training

Shelter nfi oxfamproposal

Shelter nfi oxfamproposal

Pneumatics & Fluid Control Industrial Hydraulics ...€¦ · Industrial Hydraulics & Lubrication Motion Control & Automation Mobile Products Engineered Systems & Services. ... Pneumatic

Pneumatics & Fluid Control Industrial Hydraulics ...€¦ · Industrial Hydraulics & Lubrication Motion Control & Automation Mobile Products Engineered Systems & Services. ... Pneumatic

Pneumatics & Hydraulics - Techno Testcatalogue.techno-test.com/products/6-Educational_Products/95... · Pneumatics & Hydraulics Pneumatics & Hydraulics Subject Coverage Pneumatics

Pneumatics & Hydraulics - Techno Testcatalogue.techno-test.com/products/6-Educational_Products/95... · Pneumatics & Hydraulics Pneumatics & Hydraulics Subject Coverage Pneumatics

PNEUMATICS - Global Industrial Solutions

PNEUMATICS - Global Industrial Solutions

INDUSTRIAL PNEUMATICS - fittings · INDUSTRIAL PNEUMATICS - fittings All fittings with a male parallel thread are equipped with an O-ring (Metal Work patented solution). The use of

INDUSTRIAL PNEUMATICS - fittings · INDUSTRIAL PNEUMATICS - fittings All fittings with a male parallel thread are equipped with an O-ring (Metal Work patented solution). The use of