Next Generation of Small Solar Thermal Systems

Next Generation of Small Solar Thermal Systems

Peter Vogelsanger

Institut für Solartechnik SPF

HSR Hochschule für Technik Rapperswil

[email protected]

www.solarenergy.ch

Countries

AustriaDenmarkFranceGermanyGreeceItalyNorwayPortugalSpainSwedenSwitzerlandThe Netherlands

Contents

today’s technology

promising system concepts

theoretical evaluation

on-site evaluation

System cost / per capita installed

solar water heating

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

Greece Italy Spain Portugal0

2

4

6

8

10

12

specific system costs [EUR/Wth] per capita total installed power capacity annually [Wth/(p a)]

spec

ific

syst

em c

osts

[EU

R/W

th]

per c

apita

tota

l ins

talle

d po

wer

cap

acit y

NEGST WP1.D1, today’s technology

System cost / per capita installed

combisystems

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

Austria Germany Denmark Switzerland0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

specific system costs [EUR/Wth] per capita total installed power capacity annually [Wth/(p a)]

per c

apita

tota

l ins

talle

d po

wer

cap

acity

[Wth

/(P a

)]


Development

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

1982 1987 1992 1997 2002

EUR

0

100

200

300

400

500

600 1000 m2 / a

System Cost [EUR]

Glazed solar collectorsinstalled [1000 m2/a]

Germany, Stiftung Warentest and ESTIF NEGST WP1.D1, today’s technology

Type of SDHW systems


0

20

40

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100

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180

Austria

Denmark

France

German

yGree

ce Italy

Norway

Portug

alSpa

inSwed

enSwitz

erlan

d

The N

etherl

ands

per capita total installed power[Wth pc]

Wth pc

Type of SDHW systems

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Austria

Denmark

France

German

yGree

ce Italy

Portug

al

Spain

Switzerl

and

The N

etherl

ands

Share of integrated collector storageShare of thermosyphon systemsShare of pumped systems


Share by application

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Austria

Denmark

France

German

yGree

ce Italy

Portug

alSpa

inSwed

enSwitz

erlan

dThe

Neth

erlan

ds

Share of glazed collectors for domestic hot water heating of other dwellingsShare of glazed collectors for domestic hot water heating of multifamily housesShare of glazed collectors for domestic hot water heating of single family houses


Drainback system for Southern European countries

NEGST WP1.D2, WP1.E3a, WP1.E3b, theoretical evaluation ; © Wagner (D)

More Information

NEGST (WP1): http://www.swt-technologie.de/html/public_deliverables_wp1.html

System with water filled collector loop

solar water heater solar combisystem (one of several possibilities)

NEGST WP1.D2, WP1.E1, WP1.E2, theoretical evaluation ; © Paradigma (D)

IEA SH&C Task 14 ADVANCED ACTIVE SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEMS, “Dream System” 1996

IEA SH&C Task 14 advanced solar active energy systems; Thermodynamics Solar (CAN)

Reference system for solar water heating (Germany)

NEGST WP1.D2 (WP1.E4), theoretical evaluation

Compact Heating Unit for Solar Domestic Hot Water Preparation

NEGST WP1.D2 , WP1.E4, theoretical evaluation; © Vaillant (D)

Compact Heating Unit for Solar Domestic Hot Water Preparation

Conventional store

Stratified store

NEGST WP1.D2, WP1.E4, theoretical evaluation ; © Vaillant (D)

DFFC concept (direct feed flow controlled)

1

2

4

3space heating (radiators)

Saving function

-5.0%

-4.0%

-3.0%

-2.0%

-1.0%

0.0%

1.0%

2.0%

3.0%

4.0%

13 15 18 20 23 25 28 30 33 35 38 40Space heating pipe heat loss coefficent [W/m2.K]

Sav

ing

func

tion

[%]

solar collector

tank (non-pressurized)

fuel savings, relative to reference

auxiliary heater (condensing gas boiler)

118 196 275

heat transfer capacity rate of the heating system(radiators or floor heating, W/K)

W/KW/KW/K

reference heating system heat transfer capacity rate

DFFC

solar referencesystem

IEA SH&C Task 32, SPF, www.solarenergy.ch, Martino Poretti, DFFC concept

concepts / specific features

specific feature

concept stan

dard

izat

ion

pref

abric

atio

n

sim

plifi

catio

n an

d re

duct

ion

adap

tatio

n

SDHW or combisystem with water filled collector loop (1, 2) x drainback SDHW system (3) x x x compact SDHW and gas heating unit (4) x x combisystem with integrated pellets or gas auxiliary (5, 6) x x combisystem with non-pressurized store and polymer collector (7) x x x integrated collector storage (8) x x x xcombisystem for Southern European climate (9) x

NEGST WP1.D2, theoretical evaluation

Solar system for combined domestic hot water, space and pool heating for Southern European climates

max. pool temperature: 32°C

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

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Natural gas cost (€/m3)

Yea

rs

Ref (DHW) - 500 €/m2Ref (DHW) - 750 €/m2Eval (DHW+SH+PH) - 500 €/m2Eval (DHW+SH+PH) -750 €/m2(DHW+SH) - 500 €/m2(DHW+SH) - 750 €/m2

max. pool temperature: 26°C

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1

Natural gas cost (€/m3)

Yea

rs

Ref (DHW) - 500 €/m2Ref (DHW) - 750 €/m2Eval (DHW+SH+PH) - 500 €/m2Eval (DHW+SH+PH) -750 €/m2(DHW+SH) - 500 €/m2(DHW+SH) - 750 €/m2

NEGST WP1.D2, WP1.E9, WP1.E9-2, theoretical evaluation

Compact and modular solar combisystem with integrated pellet boiler

NEGST WP1.D2, WP1.E5, theoretical evaluation

Compact and modular solar combisystem with integrated gas boiler

Solar Store Unit Technical Unit

HW

CW

Space heating

Solar loop

Boiler

S

S

M

Radiators Floor heating

SS

Domestic hot water

NEGST WP1.D2, WP1.E6, theoretical evaluation

Next Generation of Small Solar Thermal Systems

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