Next generation of global approaches to WASH monitoring

Post-2015 Thematic Consultations on Water, Monrovia, Liberia 29-30 January 2013

Next generation of global approaches to WASH monitoring

IRC Symposium Monitoring Sustainable WASH Service Delivery, Addis Ababa, 9-11 April 2013

Rolf Luyendijk,UNICEF-New York

&

Didier Allély-FerméWHO-Geneva

WHO/UNICEF JMP

2Post-2015 Thematic Consultations on Water, Monrovia, Liberia 29-30 January 2013

Overview

• Monitoring principles• Some criteria for next generation of global monitoring• JMP lessons learned from inter-country monitoring

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AMCOW Meeting Addis Ababa, 7/8 April 2013IRC Symposium Monitoring Sustainable WASH Service Delivery, Addis Ababa, 9-11 April 2013


Monitoring challengesprinciples

• Monitoring is a means to an end Action: Accountability, Tracking, Planning/Priority setting, Assessment/Learning, Advocacy

• Define monitoring purpose first Identify Audience and Actions • Focus: Limit the information to collect Apply ‘need to know’ vs. ‘nice to know’ criteria • Every indicator has a cost Cost of debating, harmonizing, collecting, analyzing, etc.

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JMP monitoring challengePurpose and Audience

• Purpose: Tracking/Accountability + Advocacy

• Audience: Global and High Level National Policymakers + WASH sector specialists

• Data sources: National Censuses, Household Surveys

• Analyses:– National, Regional, Global, Urban/Rural trends in access– occasional ‘interesting’ analyses for advocacy

• Strength or weakness? : Focus

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JMP example of ad hoc analysisEthiopia drinking water trends by wealth quintiles

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How much monitoring is needed at which level?

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Programme monitoringProgramme monitoring

NationalNational

RegionalRegional

Global



Determines what needs to be aggregated and harmonized

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Programme monitoringProgramme monitoring

NationalNational

RegionalRegional

Global



Some criteria for next generation of global approaches to monitoring

• Relevant for Global or Regional Action to trigger National Action

• Buy-in and national ownership for accountability • Accurate, independently verifiable, transparent• Human Rights- based

– Widely applicable (not only to the Global South)

• Monitoring ≠ Reporting – What’s in it for me?

• Frequency (susceptibility to change)• Not all countries need to report to make a case

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Example of global accountabilitymonitoring

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Post-2015 global approachesto monitoring

Summary proposed post-2015 WASH targets:1.Everyone has water, sanitation and hygiene at home;

2.All schools and health centers have water, sanitation and hygiene;

•No one practices open defecation;

1.Inequalities in sustainable access to water, sanitation and hygiene are eliminated or reduced

2.The excreta from at least half of the improved facilities is safely managed

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Post-2015 global approachesto monitoring

• Monitoring as basis for an accountability framework

• Use of household surveys for monitoring access is inherently Rights-Based

• Explore multiple information sources for triangulation• E.g. Citizen reporting, social audits, national

inventory, regulator data etc.

• Evidence from studies/research needs to be given more prominence in global reports

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JMP Lessons Learned from inter-country monitoring

• National harmonization of data collection mechanisms, definitions and indicators

– NSO + line-Ministries + service providers– Full disaggregation of data + alignment

• Representativeness of the data– National data vs. Accountability data from line-Ministries– Population-based vs. service provider data

• Reliability of the data– Transparency/replicability of collection mechanisms and

assumptions

• Comparability over time for trend analysis

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Example of alignment and data reconciliation (Burkina Faso)

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Type de point d’eau

(base ENA 2010)

Points d’eau (X = Point d’eau amélioré)

Politique Nationale

JMP

Urbain Rural All areas

Robinet intérieur propre (branchement domestique individuel)

X X X

Robinet intérieur partagé (branchement domestique partagé) X X

Robinet dans une autre cour (robinet du voisin hors la concession) X X

Borne fontaine X X X

Forage (équipé d’une pompe à motricité humaine) X X

Puits modernes (puits protégé) X X

Puits traditionnels (puits non protégé)

barrage/rivière (eau de surface)

Autres, à préciser Additional criteria : Within 1 kilometer



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Additional criteria : Time to source within 30 minutes

Eau : Estimations Rural Méthode corrigée

(Données 2010)

Eau : Estimations Rural Méthode JMP(Données 2010)



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JMP method JMP data National

policy

Country estimates

Urban 95% 80% 84%

Additional criteria

Exclusion of : •boreholes, •protected wells, •protected springs, •tap from neighbor outside yard

Rural 73% 59% 63%

Additional criteria

Time do source < 30’

Within 1 km


JMP Lessons Learned from inter-country monitoring

• Inter-country comparison is implicit and difficult to make explicit – without national buy-in

• We present facts – but don’t pass judgment

• National buy-in and ownership present more opportunities for action and accountability

• Technical Advisory Groups and Task Forces are crucial to maintaining quality and independence (data police?)

• Short focused compelling reports and graphs are effective in reaching audiences and triggering action

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Next generation of global approaches to WASH monitoring

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