NEWTON´S LAWS OF MOTION.pptx
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Transcript of NEWTON´S LAWS OF MOTION.pptx
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7/30/2019 NEWTONS LAWS OF MOTION.pptx
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By: Mikayla van den brenk
Paula Castellanos
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*Describe Newtons first law of motion, and
explain how it relates to objects at rest
and objects in motion
*State Newtons second law of motion, and
explain the relationship between force,
mass, and acceleration
*State Newtons third law of motion, and
give examples of force pairs
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*Newtons first law of motion describes the
motion of an object that has a net force of 0 N
acting on it. This law may seem complicatedwhen you first read it. But, it is easy to
understand when you consider its two parts
separately.
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*An object that is not moving is said to be at
rest. A chair on the floor and a golf ball
balanced on a tee are examples of objects atrest. Newtons first law says that objects at
rest will stay at rest unless they are acted on
by an unbalanced force.
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*For example, objects will not start moving
until a push or a pull is exerted on them. So, a
chair wont slide across the room unless youpush the chair. And, a golf ball wont move off
the tee unless the ball is struck by a golf club.
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*The second part of Newtons first law is about
objects moving with a certain velocity. Such
objects will continue to move forever with thesame velocity unless an unbalanced force acts
on them
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*An object in motion will stay in motion forever
unless it is acted on by an unbalanced force.
So, you should be able to give your desk a pushand send it sliding across the floor. If you push
your desk, the desk quickly stops. Why?
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There must be an unbalanced force that acts on
the desk to stop its motion. That unbalanced
force is friction. The friction between the deskand the floor works against the motion of the
desk
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*Inertia is the tendency of all objects to resist
any change in motion. Because of inertia, an
object at rest will remain at rest until a forcemakes it move. Likewise, inertia is the reason
a moving object stays in motion with the same
velocity unless a force changes its speed or
direction.
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*Mass is a measure of inertia. An object that has
a small mass has less inertia than an object
that has a large mass. So, changing the motionof an object that has a small mass is easier
than changing the motion of an object that has
a large mass.
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*Newtons second law describes the motion of
an object when an unbalanced force acts on
the object. As with Newtons first law, youshould consider the second law in two parts.
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*Suppose you are pushing an empty cart. You
have to exert only a small force on the cart to
accelerate it. But, the same amount of forcewill not accelerate the full cart as much as the
empty cart.
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*The cart will start moving faster than if you
gave it only a soft push. So, an objects
acceleration increases as the force on theobject increases. On the other hand, an
objects acceleration decreases as the force on
the object decreases. The acceleration of an
object is always in the same direction as the
force applied.
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*Newtons second law explains
why objects fall to Earth with
the same acceleration. You cansee how the large force of
gravity on the watermelon is
offset by its large mass. Thus,
you find that the accelerations
of the watermelon and theapple are the same when you
solve for acceleration.
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*Newtons third law can be simply stated as
follows: All forces act in pairs. If a force is
exerted, another force occurs that is equal insize and opposite in direction. The law itself
addresses only forces. But the way that force
pairs interact affects the motion of objects.
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*How do forces act in pairs? Study the
picture to learn how one force pair
helps propel a swimmer through
water. Action and reaction forcepairs are present even when there is
no motion.
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*Newtons third law says
that all forces act in pairs.
When a force is exerted,
there is always a reaction
force. A force never acts by
itself.
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*Gravity is a force ofattraction between objects
that is due to their masses.If you drop a ball, gravitypulls the ball toward Earth.This force is the action forceexerted by Earth on the ball.But gravity also pulls Earthtoward the ball. The force isthe reaction force exertedby the ball on Earth.
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