Newton’s 2Newton’s 2ndnd and 3 and 3rdrd Law Law of Motionof Motion

Newton’s 2Newton’s 2ndnd Law of Motion Law of Motion

A net force acting on an object causes the A net force acting on an object causes the object to accelerate in the direction of the forceobject to accelerate in the direction of the force

““A net force acting on an A net force acting on an object…”object…”

Smaller the mass the greater it will accelerateSmaller the mass the greater it will accelerate If you apply the same force to a marble and to a If you apply the same force to a marble and to a

bowling ball the marble will go fasterbowling ball the marble will go faster

“…“….accelerate in the direction of .accelerate in the direction of the force”the force”

Greater the force applied, the greater the Greater the force applied, the greater the accelerationacceleration 2 objects that are the same masses, the one with 2 objects that are the same masses, the one with

more force applied to it will go fastermore force applied to it will go faster

22ndnd Law Formula Law Formula

Force = mass X accelerationForce = mass X acceleration F = m X aF = m X a

Newton’s 3Newton’s 3rdrd Law of Motion Law of Motion

For every action there is an equal but opposite For every action there is an equal but opposite reaction.reaction.

All forces act in pairs with one object exerting All forces act in pairs with one object exerting a force on a second object, and the second a force on a second object, and the second object exerting a force backobject exerting a force back

Action-Reaction PairsAction-Reaction Pairs

Person on trampolinePerson on trampoline Jumping off a boatJumping off a boat Swimmer moving through waterSwimmer moving through water

Forces may not be balanced.Forces may not be balanced. This causes things to move, like a person This causes things to move, like a person

throwing a basketball from a wheelchair.throwing a basketball from a wheelchair.

MomentumMomentum

Momentum is a property of a moving object Momentum is a property of a moving object because of its mass and velocity.because of its mass and velocity.

If an object is not moving it has zero If an object is not moving it has zero momentummomentum

Momentum only changes if velocity, mass or Momentum only changes if velocity, mass or both changeboth change

Momentum can be transferred Momentum can be transferred

Law of Conservation of MomentumLaw of Conservation of Momentum

Total momentum never changes unless a force Total momentum never changes unless a force acts on the object (like gravity)acts on the object (like gravity)