VOLUME 18 NUMBER 2 FALL 1991

AMERICAN CATHOUC STUDIESNEWSLETTERCUSHWA CENTER FOR THE STUDY OF AMERICAN CATHOLICISM

JAIME R. VIDAL, EDITOR

Notre Dame Sesquicentennial Programs

The University of Notre Dame will mark the 150thanniversary of its foundingwith a variety of academicconvocations, liturgies, symposia/conferences, exhibits and concerts, extending from September IS, 1991,into the fall of 1992. Among the many events scheduled, the following may be of spedal interest to ourreaders: The AnnualMidwestMeeting of the AmericanConference of Irish Studies, Oct. 16-19, 1991. TheConference on theHistoryofChristianity, jointlysponsared by the American Society of Church History andthe American Catholic Historical Assodation, March26-28, 1992. liThe Old World Meets the New: ASymposium on European-American Encounter," April2-4, 1992. A Conference on the Sesquicentennial ofHoly Cross Education in the United States, Sept. 18-20,1992. The closing ceremonies (liturgy, symposium andconvocation) will take place on Oct. 11-13, 1992. Forfurther information on these events contact DouglassHemphill, 202 Main Building, University of NotreDame, Notre Dame, IN 46556.

Grant Provides Research Stipends andSeminars for Young Scholars

The Center for the Study of Religion and AmericanCulture has received a grant from the Pew CharitableTrusts to fund a Young Scholars in American ReligionProgram. The program intends to help scholars in theirfirst years of teaching to develop approaches to thefield, receive guidance on research and publication, tomeet with peers and develop a professional network.Each of the fifteen partidpants will receive a stipend of$1,000 plus expenses, and will be expected to conveneat the Indiana University/Purdue University campus atIndianapolis for four meetings over a two-year period.Eligible are scholars in any sub-field of American Religion (including U.S. Hispanic and Canadian, as well asU.S. connections with the Third World) who havestarted teaching within the last seven years.The deadline for the current program is October 14,1991; it is hoped that the program will be repeated insubsequent years. For informationwriteConrad Cherry,Director; Center for the StudyofReligion andAmericanCulture; 425 UniversityBlvd., Room 334; Indianapolis,IN 46202.

CHARLOTTE AMES, PUBLICATIONS EDITOR

Fr. Robert McNamara Honored

In 1990 the Board ofGovernors of the Pontifical NorthAmerican College at Rome inaugurated an award tohonor individuals who have made a distinctive contribution to the College in the form of a specialmedalliontobe called theFounders'Medal, after PopesPius IX andPius XII. The first recipient of this honorwas Fr. RobertMcNamara, archivist of the Diocese of Rochester, whoin 1956 published the history of the College's firsthundred years, The American College in Rome, 1855-1955.

Chicano Database

The University of California at Berkeley announces thedevelopment of the Chicano Database whichwill helpstudents and researchers locateMexican-American topics. Persons interested in purchasing this database fortheir libraries should contact Lillian Castillo-Speed orCarolyn Sata, Chicano Studies librarians, U.c. Berkeleyat (415) 641-3859.

National Ecumenical Museum of Art

St. Louis University has announced the formation onits campus of the National Ecumenical Museum of Art,scheduled to open in the fall of 1991. Themuseum willcollect and exhibit contemporary religious art from theCatholic, Protestant, Eastern Christian and]ewish traditions, as well as from other world religions.

Oregon Sesquicentennial Planned

In preparation for the 1996 commemoration of theestablishment of the Archdiocese ofOregon City (nowArchdiocese of Portland in Oregon) the ArchdiocesanHistorical Commission has appointed a Sesquicentennial Editorial Board Committee to research and writethe history of the Archdiocese, under the direction ofDr. Lillian Pereyra. Founded]uly 24, 1846, Oregon Citywas the first U.S. archdiocese after Baltimore, andchanged its offìcial name in 1928.

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US CatholicHistorian Receives Awards

The U.S. CatholicHistorian received four awards this yearfrom theU.S. CatholicPressAssodation. Itwas awardedsecond place for General Excellence and third place forBest Spedal Issue ("Hispanic Catholics: Historical Exploration and Cultural Analysis"). The third place forBest Article was tied by two U.S. Catholic Historianpieces, both by authors connected with the CushwaCenter: "No Longer Emerging: RampartsMagazine andthe Catholic Laity, 1962-1968" byJeffreyM. Bums and"TheAmerican Church and thePuertoRicanPeople"byJaime R. Vidal.

Visiting Hispanic Research ScholarProgram

The Teagle Foundation has awarded the]esuit School ofTheology at Berkeley a grant for the first three years ofa Visi tingHispanicResearch ScholarProgram. This willbring a Hispanic scholar to that institution to pursueresearch andwriting on issues of theology andministryapproached from a U.S. Hispanic perspective and indialogue with the faculty and students of the school.Persons with backgrounds other than theology or religious studies may be chosen if they are making acontribution to the understanding of ministry andpraxis among U.S. Hispanics. For further informationcontact Allan Figueroa Deck, SJ at (415) 841-8804.

Archives Organization Founded

Close to 200 archivists have joined a newly formedgroup, Archivists for Congregations of Women Religious (ACWR). The organization plans to hold a roundtable at the September meeting of the Sodety ofAmerican Archivists in Philadelphia.

Quincentennial Video Programs

The Center for Latin America of the University ofWisconsin has announced the issuance of an educational video, "Sixteenth CenturyPerceptionsofLatinAmerica: Civil Of Savage?" A revisionist view of theencounter of two dvilizations, it attempts to show theway inwhich perceptions or assumptions can be alteredby opposing arguments. For information write: Outreach Coordinator, Center for Latin America, PO Box13, Milwaukee, WI 53201.

"On FireWith Faith," produced last year by HispanicTelecommunications Network, is now available as a

video cassette from theOffice ofPublishing and Promotion Services of the USCe. The film begins with thearrival of the Spanish explorers andmissionaries, documents the subsequent intermingling of cultures andtraditions, and follows the history of the descendants ofthis mestizaje, profiling howmodemU.S. Hispanics livetheir faith. For information write USCC PublishingServices, 3211 FourthStreetNE,Washington, DC 200 17.

"The Buried Mirror," a five-part television series onLatin America sponsored by the Smithsonian Institution in collaboration with the Spanish Governmentand private Spanish investors, is scheduled to air in thefall of 1991. The five segments are titled: "The Virginand the Bull," "TheMovingFrontier," "The Conquistadors are Conquered," "The Other Face of Liberty," and"Five Hundred Years After." The series was written bythe well known author Carlos Fuentes, who also servesas narrator. For further information contact: Office ofQuincentenary Programs, Smithsonian Institution,Room 3123 S. Dillon Ripley Center, Washington, DC20560. (202) 357-4790.

Notes from the Editor:

Please note that, in order to publish the spring issueearlier in the school year, we are changing thedeadline for submissions fromMarch 1 to Februaryl, starting in 1992. The August 15 deadline for thefall issue will remain the same. Please be aware thatevents whose deadline is in March or early Aprilshould appear in the previous fall issue, and eventswhose deadline is in September or October shouldappear in the previous spring issue.

Subscriberswho send us notice of the publication ofone of their works should include a short description of its contents, as well as date of publication,publisher, number of pages and price; that way wecan include it in the publications section.

Please let us know when you have a change ofaddress. The post officewill not forward bulkmail,and unless you send us your new address we willlose contact with each other.

Jaime R. Vidal,Editor

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CUSHWA CENTER ACTIVITIES

Notre Darne Study of Hispanic Catholicsin the US

The Advisory Committee of our Hispanic Studymet inMarch and finalized plans on the format and authors ofthe third volume. Thiswill include twelve essays on the

Hispanic community after 1965; these essayswill focuson issues in the post-condliar development of the U.S.Hispanic church, with each essay covering all nationalsub-groups and all U.S. regions.

The essays and their authors will be: 1) History of u.s.Hispanics, 1965-1990: David Badillo, University of Illinois (Chicago); 2) Social Fiber of the U.S. Hispanic Community:JoanMoore, University ofWisconsin/Madison;3) Identity: What is Hispanici: Antonio Stevens-Arroyo,Brooklyn College; 4) Liturgy: Arturo Perez, St. Roman'sChurch, Chicago; 5) Ecclesial Leadership/Ministry. Marina Herrera, Washington Theological Union; 6) TheOrganization of the Hispanic Church: Moises Sandoval,Maryknoll; 7) Popular Religion: Orlando Espin, University of San Diego; 8) Challenges from Other Churches:Allan Figueroa Deck, SJ, Jesuit School of Theology atBerkeley; 9) Movements Within the Church: EdmundoRodriguez, SJ, Holy Trinity Seminary, Irving, TX, 10)Social andPolitical Organizations: Larry Mosqueda, Evergreen State College; 11) Youth and Women: Ana MariaDiaz-Stevens, Rutgers University; 12) Conclusion: Jay P.Dolan, University of Notre Dame.

Papers of Conference onWomen Religious

The papers presented at the Conference on the HistoryofWomen Religious held ìn Iuly 1989 at the College ofSt. Catherine, St. Paul, MN will be published in theWinter 1991 issue of U.S. Catholic Historian. Thisconference was sponsored in part by the Cushwa Center. Copies may be ordered from Fulfillment Center,U.S. CatholicHistorical Society, #3DowningDrive, EastBrunswick, NJ 08816.

American Catholic Studies Seminar

James D. Davidson, of Purdue University will be theseminar speaker on September 26, 1991. His topic willbe "Religion Among America's Elite: Persistence andChange in the Protestant Establishment."

Robert Orsi, of Indiana University at Bloomington, willspeak on November 7; his title is "Hopeless Cases: theWomen Who Pray to Saint Jude (1929-1965)."

On February 13, 1992 Allan Figueroa-Deck, SJ, of theJesuit School of Theology at Berkeley, will speak onaspects of his research on Hispanic religion in the US;the exact title is not yet available.

Hibernian Lecture

The 1991 Hibernian Lecture will be delivered by Professor Randy Roberts, of Purdue University, Thursday,October 10. Professor Robertswill speakon"A SportingPeople: TheCulture ofIrishAmerican Sports." (Some ofhis findings on this topic appear in this issue's RecentResearch essay.) This annual lecture ismade possible bythe generosity of the Andent Order of Hibernians.

Publication Awards

The winning manuscripts for the 1991 Notre DameStudies inAmericanCatholidsm competition areSearching for Christ: theSpirituality ofDorothy Day, 1897-1980,by Sr. BrigidMerriman, OSF ofMount Angel Seminary,Oregon, and ElApostolado Trunco: Institutional PlanningandPastoralExperimentationwithNew YorkPuertoRicans,by Ana Maria Diaz-Stevens, of Rutgers University.

Research Fellowships

Fellowships at the Cushwa Center which include library privileges, an office and secretarial help, but nostipend, are offered in the Spring and Fall. They are forpost doctoral scholars in the humanities of social sdences who are working on some aspect of AmericanCatholicism. The deadlines for Research Fellowshipapplications are January 15 and AprilIS.

Deadline for Grants and Awards

December 15 is the deadline for several competitionssponsored by the Cushwa Center: Research TravelGrants help defray the expenses of postdoctoral scholarswho need to use theNotreDame library and archivesfor research on American Catholicism. The HibernianResearch Award, funded by the Ancient Order ofHibernians, grants $2,000 to a postdoctoral scholarwhois studying the Irish in America. Publication Awards:The best manuscript in each of two categories, "NotreDame Studies in AmericanCatholicism," and "The Irishin America," will be published by the University ofNotre Dame Press. Manuscripts from the humanitiesand the historical and sodal studies disdplines will beconsidered; unrevised dissertations normally will not

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be considered. The press reserves the right towithholdthe award if no suitable manuscript is submitted. Further information and application forms for all of thesecompetitions are available from the Cushwa Center.

Dissertation Fellowships in the History ofU.S. Hispanic Catholics

In conjunction with its study on Hispanic Catholics inthe 20th Century United States the Cushwa Center isoffering three dissertation fellowships in the History ofU.S. Hispanic Catholics for the year 1992-93. Each ofthe fellowships-which are supported by a grant fromtheLillyEndowment-will provide a stipend of$ll,OOOfor 12 months of full-time dissertation research and

writing, beginning in September 1992. Applicantsmust be candidates for a doctoral degree at a graduateschool in the United States or Puerto Rico who havefinished all pre-dissertation requirements and expect tocomplete their dissertation during 1992-93. Applications are available from Dr. Jaime Vidal at the CushwaCenter and must be requested by December I, 1991.Completed applications must be postmarked byJanuary I, 1992.

PERSONALS

Charlotte Ames, Publications Editor of this Newsletterand Associate Librarian of the Hesburgh Library, received the University of Notre Dame's Libraries' Outstanding Achievement Award for 1991.

Bernard Aspinwall, of the Department of ModemHistory at Glasgow University, Scotland, spoke on"Glasgow and the Irish" in a symposium on the IrishExperience in Britain. He also presented papers atsymposia celebrating the Centennial ofRerumNovarumat the University of Hull and the École Française inRome.

BarbaraBrumleve, SSND, is chairing theNorth American celebration of the centennial of Mother CarolineFriess,who for 42 years was superior of the School SistersofNotre Dame in North America. As part of the 1991-92 celebration Mother Caroline's correspondence willbe published.

Emma Cecilia Busam, OSU is working at the Archivesof the Diocese of Owensboro, and hopes to have theholdings arranged, described and indexed in the nearfuture.

Rev. Nelson J. Callahan is working on the diary ofRichard Burtell.

Debra Campbell of Colby College is working on acentennial history of the College of Notre Dame ofMaryland, the oldest Catholic women's college in theUSA.

Joseph J. Casino, Director of the Archdiocese ofPhiladelphia'sArchives andHistorical Collections, published an article on "Religious Freedom and the EarlyAmerican Catholic Experience" in All Imaginable Liberty: the Religious Liberty Clauses in the FirstAmendment,edited by Frands Graham Lee.

Timothy J. Cook completed his doctoral dissertation,"A Study of the Religious Literacy of Catholic HighSchool Educators."

JayCorrin iswriting a bookon Anglo American Catholics and the rise of Fasdsm.

Michael Engh, SJ, is researching the historyofBrownsonHouse, the first Catholic settlement house in Los Angeles. He anticipates publication of his study on frontierreligion in Los Angeles (1848-1885) by theUniversity ofNew Mexico Press in the spring of 1992.

Sr.Margaret Flahiff, archivist of theNova Scotia Sistersof Charity, passed to her reward on August 27, 1990.May she rest in peace.

Janice Fay recently completed a dissertation on"Croatian Sacred Musical Tradition in Los Angeles:History, Style and Meaning" at UCLA.

Alice Gallin, OSU, is currently editing a book of documents on Catholic Higher Education, 1968-90, to bepublished by the University of Notre Dame Press.

Cynthia Glavac, OSU, is planning a biography ofDorothy Kazel, OSU, who was martyred in El Salvadorin 1980.

Mary Ellen Gleason, SC, is working in the Library andArchives of the American Bible Society in New YorkCity.

WilliamJ. Grant of Gonzaga University is working ona dissertation on Fr. Charles Pandosy, OMI, one of thefirst seminarians ordained in theWashington Territory(1847).

Mary Anita Theresa Hayes, BVM, is the new HeadArchivist at her community's archives in Dubuque,Iowa.

Marina Herrera has prepared the liturgical service forthe reception of the Quincentennial Cross at parishesand cathedrals. This is being published in English andSpanish versions under the auspices of the NCCB andthe funding of the Knights of Columbus.

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Sr. Ephrem Hollerman, OSB, recently defended herdissertation, "The Reshaping of a Tradition: AmericanBenedictineWomen, 1852-1881" atMarquetteUniversity.

Paula Kane has accepted a new position with theReligious Studies Department at the University of Pittsburgh. She presented a paper at the December 1990meeting of the AHA in a panel on Irish Americans inMassachusetts Urban Politics (1880-1920) and is preparing an article on the English Catholic Women'sLeague for Church History.

Dolores Liptak, RSM completed the organization ofthe historical records of the Carmelite Monastery atBaltimore. She is currently workingwith]oseph Duffyon a history of the Archdiocese of Hartford.

Anthony]. Lisska of Deniston University recentlypublished an article on "Thomas Merton and the Diocese of Columbus Connection" in the Bulletin of theCatholicRecordSociety. He is now researching the life ofFr. L. F. Kearney, OP, Provindal of the American Dominicans from 1887-1909.

Peter McDonough of Arizona State University hascompleted a book on the Jesuits in the AmericanCentury which will be published by the Free PressiMacmillan.

Peter McGreevy is working on his dissertation atStanford: his topic is "American Catholics and theAfrican American Migration, 1919-1970."

Karl Edward Martin of the University of Minnesotahas completed a dissertation on "The Ethical Implications ofFlanneryO'Connor's 'Prophetic Imagination.'"

Mark Massa, S], has published Charles Augustus Briggsand the Crisis ofHistorical Critidsm as part of the series"Harvard Dissertations in Religion."

SeamusMetress of the University ofToledo is finishingan annotatedbibliography on Irish Americans and Irishnationalism.

John P. O'Connor published an article on "The ShamrockofNewYork: The First Irish-AmericanNewspaper"in the New York Irish History Annual.

Frances Panchok of the University of St. Thomas spentthe spring semester as Rockwell Visiting Scholar inReligion at theUniversity ofHouston, where she taughtcourses on US Catholic History and Woman and theChurch.

Margaret Quinn, CS], archivist of the Sisters of St.Joseph, Brentwood, NY, is researching biographies of

MotherSt.john Fontbonne (1759-1843) ofLyonwhichwerewritten in French and translated anonymously bytwo American Sisters of St. Joseph in 1887 and 1936.Mother St. John refounded the Sisters of St. Joseph afterthe French Revolution, and sent the first group of themto the United States.

Steve Rosswurm of Lake Forest College is doing research for a book on the FBI and the Catholic Church.

Ann Thomasine Sampson, CS], is currently involvedin researching and writing the life andwork of IulìenneFoley, a woman whose life as a Sister of St. Josephspanned a ministry among Mexican-Americans in St.Pauli pioneer work in the creation of visual aids for thefield of religious education: and authorship of biblicalmapsand charts which still enjoyworldwide use amongarmy chaplains, missionaries, and organizations ofvarious kinds.

Dominic Scibilia of Marquette University is doingresearch on Jeremiah Cummings and Thomas Farrell,who were abolitionists in the New York Irish Catholiccommunity: also on Thomas McGrady and CatholicMillenialism during the Progressive Age.

Kathryn Kish Sklar's andThomas Dublin's forthcoming Women and Power: A Readerwill be the first anthology in U.S. Women's History to include an article onwomen religious.

Margaret Susan Thompson of Syracuse Universitypublished "Women, Feminism and the New ReligiousHistory: Catholic Sisters as a Case Study" in The NewReligious History, ed. by P. VanderMeer and R. Swierenga(Rutgers University Press, 1991).

]ohn]. Treanor, of the Archives of the Archdiocese ofChicago, is the new Vice-President/President-elect ofthe Assodation of Catholic Diocesan Archivists.

Richard Tristano is researching a social history ofHolyFamilyParish, a Black Catholic community in Natchez,MS.

Jaime R. Vidal, Assistant Director of the Cushwa Center, published an article on "Proselytism of HispanicMigrants: A Challenge to the American Church" inMigration World, 19:2.

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CONFERENCES

The Center for the Study of Religion and AmericanCulture at Indiana University/Purdue University, Indianapolis will host a conference on Public ReligiousDiscourse in America's Pluralistic Society on April 2-4, 1992. The conference will foeus on issues such aswhat features of American public life command theattention of religion and what religious issues command public attention. This will be the first of fourconferences to be held between 1992 and 1994 as partof a project on Public Expressions ofReligion funded bythe Lilly Endowment. For more information contactTerry Grimm at (317) 274-8409.

The AnnualMeeting of the American Historical Associationwill take place in Chicago, Dec. 27-30, 1991. Itstheme will be the Quincentennary of Columbus' firstvoyage toAmerica. For information contact Linda Hall,Dept. ofHistory, University ofNewMexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131.

The American Italian Historical Association announces its 24th Annual Conference to be held in NewHaven, CT, November 14-16,1991 on the theme "ItalianAmericans and their Public andPrivate Life." Forinformation contact the American Italian HistoricalAssodation, 209 Flagg Place, Staten Island, NY 10304.

On the occasion of the IS0th anniversary of the founding of the University of Notre Dame the AmericanSodety of Church History, the American Catholic Historical Assodation, and theCushwa Centerwill sponsora conference on the History ofChristianity on March26-28,1992 at the University ofNotre Dame. Sessionsscheduled for the conference include papers onThe Riseof Papal Primacy, Medieval Monasticism, Friars, Jesuitsand Indians in Spanish America, Women in the NewWorld, the Indians of New England in the XVIII Century, The Orthodox Church in Czarist Russia, Religionand Higher Education, American Catholic Identity inthe Later 20th Century, and Perspectives on GermanNational and Religious Identity. A spedal session willdiseuss the theme of "Writing ReligiousHistory: Reflections on an Evolving Discipline." Also another spedalfeature will be an illustrated lecture on "Spire andDome: An Iconographic History of the University ofNotreDame, 1842-1992." The conference program andregistration form will be mailed out in January of 1992.Members of the American Society of Church Historyand the American Catholic Historical Assodation willreceive the conference registration forms. All othersshould contact the Cushwa Center to make sure thatthey receive the conference program and the registration form. We hope you can attend what promises tobe a very exdting conference.

PUBLICATIONS

The Alexian Brothers of Chicago: An EvolutionaryLook at theMonastery and Modem Health Care byLawrence Davidson provides a history of the foundingand historical development of the congregation's hospital in Chicago, and sketches the lives of the brothersfrom 1866 to the present. 1990. Vantage Press. 214 pp.$18.95.

AmericanCatholic PreachingandPiety in theAgeofJohn Carroll, byRaymond], Kupke. This is the secondvolume in the Melville Studies in Church History. Theauthor focuses on the piety of the Catholics in theXVIIIth centuryAngloAmerican colonies, and analyzestheir spirituality through an exploration of sermons bytheMarylandJesuits. 1991.University Press ofAmerica,232 pp. $34.50.

American PeaceWriters, Editors, and Periodicals: ADictionary by Nancy L. Roberts includes some 400individuals from Colonial times to the present whosought to awaken others to issues of war and peace.Includes biographical and bibliographical data on DorothyDay, PeterMaurin, the Berrigans, and other peaceactivists. Also includes a listing of selected Americanpeace advocacy periodicals. 1991. Greenwood Press.362 pp.

Belief and Behavior: Essays in the New ReligiousHistory, edited by Philip VanderMeer and RobertSwierenga. Rutgers UniversityPress. Rutgers UniversityPress. 1991. Paperback.

The Black Church in the African American Experience, by C. Eric Lincoln and Lawrence H. Mamiyaprovides a comprehensive treatment of the contemporary black church in America. The authors foeus on theurban and rural church, the effect of the dviI rightsmovement on blacks, women's issues, and challengesfor the black churches in the 21st century. DukeUniversity, 1990. $18.95.

A Calendar of Documents and Related HistoricalMaterials in the Archival Center, Archdiocese of LosAngeles, prepared by Sr. Miriam Ann Cunningham,CSC. This is the initial volume in an open-ended series,and covers the pontificate of Thomas]. Conaty (1903-1917) as bishop of Monterrey-Los Angeles. AvailablefromDawson'sBookShop,S35NorthLarchmontBlvd.,Los Angeles, CA 90004.296 pp. 1990. $50.

Called to Serve, byJames Vanderholt. A history of St.John's and Assumption Seminaries in San Antonio.Includes profiles of notable alumni. 1990. St. John's

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and Assumption Seminaries Alumni Assodation, POBox 28240, San Antonio, TX 78284.186 pp. Paper.

Church History in an Age of Uncertainty: Historiographical Patterns in the United States, 1906-1990,by Henry Warner Bowden offers an analysis of churchhistorians in the twentieth century, noting theoriesexpoundedwith regard to theirmethod and interpretation. Both Protestant and Catholic historians and their

respective traditions are considered, including MartinE.MartyandJohn TracyEllis. 1991. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press. 279 pp.

Freedomand its Discontents: CatholicismConfrontsModernity, by George Weigel. The book includesessays on the war/peace and economics debates inAmerican Catholidsm, on Catholic intellectual life inAmerica today, and on revisionist historiographies ofAmerican Catholicism by a prominant conservativeintellectual. 1991. Ethics and Public Policy Center.

Handbook of Fellowships and Grants for Independent Scholars, published by the National Coalition ofIndependent Scholars. Contact Barbara Currier Bell,160 Harbor Rd., Southport, CT 06490.

Havoc in Hunan, by Sr. Mary Charita Pendergast, SC,tells the story of the Sisters of Charity and the peoplethey served from 1924 to 1951. Order from the Collegeof St. Elizabeth Press, 2 Convent Road, Morristown, NJ07960. $14.95 plus $1.50 postage and handling.

Holy Cross and the South Bend Polonia, by DonaldStabrowski, CSc. Available from the Indiana ProvinceArchives Center, PO Box 568, Notre Dame, IN 46556.1991. $5 plus $1.75 p/h.

IfTheseWalls Could Speak: St. Paul'sMonastery andRetreatHouse,Pittsburgh, PA, compiled and editedbyClement Pavlick, CP. Published by the Passionist Community, St. Paul's Monastery, 148 Monastery Ave.,Pittsburgh, PA 15203. 60 pp. 1987.

The Irish in the Great Lakes Region, an annotatedbibliographyby SeamusMetress. University ofToledo,Dept. of Sodology and Anthropology. $3.

The Irish Voice in America: Irish-American Fictionfrom the 1760's to the 1980's by Charles Fanning.1991. University Press of Kentucky.

The Ku Klux Klan: An Encyclopedia, by Michael andJudy Ann Newton. This is the first comprehensivereference work on the Klan and its allied and frontorganizations; more than 8,500 entries, done in a

scholary manner. Important to Catholic studies because Catholicism was frequently a target ofKlan prejudice. Includes bibliography. 1990. Garland. 682 pp. $ 75.

Liberty of Conscience: Roger Williams in America,by Edwin A. Gaustad. 1991. Eerdmans.

The Libro de lasProfectas ofChristopher Columbus,trans. with commentary by Delno C. West and AugustKling. Written by Columbus in his old age, this workbrings out the explorer's biblical spirituality as he placeshis discovery in the context of late Medieval apocalyptic hopes, especially the joachìmìsm of the ObservantFrandscans. Text and translation in fadng pages,lengthy introduction, bibliography and two indexes.1991. University of Florida. 274 pp. $49.95.

Lithuanian Religious Life in America, by WilliamWolkovich-Valkavicius, is the first volume of a projected 3-volume work on 150 Lithuanian Parishes andinstitutions. This volume covers the Eastern UnitedStates, and will be available in November from CorporateFulfillment Systems, 1 BertDr.,W. Bridgewater,MA02379-9979, Tel. 1-800-344-4501. 700 pp. Hard cover,add-free paper. $79.50 if ordered before March 31,1992; $89.50 after that.

The Manuscripts of Flannery O'Connor at GeorgiaCollege, by Stephen G. Driggers. A catalogue of thecollection of papers (esp. drafts and re-workings of herfiction and essays) donated by O'Connor's mother toGeorgia College. 1989. University of Georgia Press.

Mission to Rural America: the Story ofW. HowardBishop, Founder of Glenmary, by Christopher ].Kauffman. A biography of Bishop and a history of theGlenmary Home Missioners. 1991. Paulist Press.

OurselvesAlone:Women's Emigration from Ireland1885-1920, by Janet A. Nolan. Describes the emancipating effects of emigration to America for a generationof Irish women. 133 pp. University Press of Kentucky.1989.

The Padre on Horseback, byHerbert Eugene Bolton. Abiography of the Tyrolese Jesuit Eusebio Kino, founderof themissions of Sonora and Arizona, evangelizer andfrontiersman. Reprint of a work originally published in �1932. Loyola University Press. $4.95.

Papal Pronouncements, A Guide: 1740-1978(Benedict XIV-John Paul n, edited by Claudia Carlen,IHM covers nearly 5,200 papal documents beginningwith Benedict XIV and concluding with John Paul I.Document types covered include encyclical letters,encyclical epistles, apostolic constitutions, apostolic

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letters, bulls, motu proprios, personal speeches, radioand television addresses, exhortations, and autographletters, among others. Documents are arranged inchronological order of issuance. Includes author andtitle indices. 1990. 2 vols. Pierian Press, PO Box 1808.Ann Arbor, MI 48106. Toll Free: 800-678-2435. $195.

Patrick Henry Callahan: Progressive Catholic Layman in the American South, byWilliam E. Ellis. 1989.The Edwin Mellen Press (Lewiston, NY).

PattemsofFaith inAustralianChurches, byP. Hughesand T. Blombery. Based on the Combined ChurchesSurveywhich took place in 1987 under the auspices ofthe five principal Australian denominations, this bookstudies the approaches to faith which cross denominational borders, and often determine whether personsstay on the fringes ofchurch involvement, join the core,or drop out, and the various needs of different age,gender and educational groups. May be ordered fromRev. Dr. Philip Hughes, 8 Power St., Hawthorn, Vic.3122, Australia. $16.

PeacePaysAPrice: AStudyofMargaretAnnaCusack,the Nun of Kenmare, by Dorothy A. Vidulich, CSJP.This short book is an initial effort by the Sisters of St.Joseph ofPeace to reclaim their controversial foundress.A Catholic convert from an Anglican religious order,she went to Ireland, and later came to America whereshe founded her congregation. Some of her positionswere far in advanceof her age, and led to confrontationswith the hierarchy; eventually she had to leave hercongregation to ensure its survival, and her part in itsfounding was suppressed from its history, only to berediscovered a century later. After many years ofCatholic ostradsm, she returned to the Church ofEngland. 1990. Published by the Sisters of St. Joseph ofPeace. 86 pp.

AReligiousHistoryofAmerica,byEdwinScottGaustad.A completely revised and expanded edition of a standard work. 1990. Harper. 391 pp. Paper. $19.95.

Roman Catholic Beliefs in England: Customary Catholidsm andTransformations ofReligiousAuthority, by Michael P. Hornsby-Smith explores Catholicbeliefs amongEnglish Catholics from doctrinal mattersto questions of personal and social morality. Based onextensive interviews with lay members of the bishops'advisory commissions and others. Hornsby-Smith concludes that English Catholics have gradually withdrawn legitimacy from clerical leadership. 1991. Cambridge University Press. 265 pp. $44.50.

The Song of Mound City, by Beverly Boyd. ProfessorBoyd, a medievalist at the University of Kansas special-

izing in hagiography, came across the apparently forgotten cause for the canonization of Rose PhilippineDuchesne, a pioneer educator in the American Midwest, became involved in publicizing it, and broughtabout a renewal of interest that led to her being proclaimed the fourth U.S. saint. This work tells of herefforts, and also has information about MotherDuchesne's life. Vantage Press. $14.95.

A Time for Keeping ... A Time for Letting Go ... bySister LaVerne Frietsch, OSF is ahistorical account of theSisters of St. Francis of Oldenburg, IN during the years1945-1975. 1990. Marianist Press. 260 pp.

Women and Church: The Challenge of EcumenicalSolidarity in an Age of Alienation edited by MelanieA. May, with a foreword byMonika K. Hellwig consistsof twenty-two essays by women from diverse backgrounds who grapple with the challenge of solidarity.Issues of ministry, ethnidty, authority, ecumenism,and language pervade the discussions. 1991. Eerdmans.197 pp. $10.95.

AWreck on the Road to Damascus: Innocence, Guiltand Conversion in FlanneryO'Connor, by Brian AbelRagen. A study of the use of biblical themes such asoriginal sin, redemption and incarnation inO'Connor'sfiction, bringing out the differences which these produced between her work and that of other Americanauthors of the period. Loyola University Press. 1989.$12.95.

CALLS FOR PAPERS

History of Evangelization in the US

The National Conference of Catholic Bishops' ad hocCommittee on the Observance of the QuincentennialofEvangelization in the Americas is sponsoring a Competition on theHistory ofEvangelization in the U.S.All entries must treat some aspect of the history ofevangelization within the boundaries of the presentU.S. between 1492 and the present; evangelization isunderstood as the proclaiming of the Gospel in anyform: missionary, educational, by preaching, publishing, etc. Students enrolled in any American or foreignuniversity, college or seminary are eligible as long asthey are citizens or permanent residents of the U.S.Writings must have been completed between January l, 1989, and December 31, 1991; results will beannounced October 12, 1992.

For doctoral dissertations first prize is $2,000 andsecond prize $1,500; for master's theses first prize is$1,000 and second $500; for senior honors essays first

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prize is $500 and second $250. Faculty members areasked to bring this competition to their students attention; please note that works already defended are eligible. For further information contact Fr. RobertTrisco,American Catholic Historical Assodation, CatholicUniversity of America, Washington, DC 20017.

Women Religious in the Americas

500YearsofCatholicWomenReligious in theAmericas, an international conference sponsored by theCollege ofSt. Benedict and the Sisters ofSt. Benedictwillbe held April 27-29, 1992 in St. Joseph, MN. Thosewishing tomake presentationson any topic that fits thetheme of Catholic women religious in the Americasduring the past 500 years (eg. contributions to the fieldsof education, health care, the arts) should send a proposal to Sr. Carol Berg, OSB, St. Benedict's Convent, St.Joseph, MN 56374.

Women Religious and the Social Fabric

A Conference on Women Religious and the SocialFabric is scheduled for June 28 - July I, 1992, atMarymount College in Tarrytown, NY. The conferenceis sponsored by the History of Women Religious Network. Persons wishing to present papers should send atyped one-page proposal/abstract, accompanied by aone-page vita by lanuary 10,1992 to theConference onWomen Religious and the Social Fabric, 12001 ChalonRoad, Los Angeles, CA 90049.

Paulist Studies

The Office of Paulist History and Archives will beginpublication of an annual scholarly journal in the springof 1992. They are currentlysolidting articles for the firstissue. Articles should be 20-30 pages ìn length andrelated in some way to the missionary efforts of thePaulist Order. For further information please contact:Paulist Studies, Office of Paulist History and Archives,3015 Fourth Street, NE, Washington, DC 20017.

New England Historical Assodation

The New England Historical Association (NERA)SpringConference meets on 2S April 1992 at Assumption College inWorcester,MA. Papersmay be proposedon any topic in history. NEHA is a comprehensiveorganization for historians of all disdplines and fields.It is not restricted toNew England or American Studies.Contact: Peter Holloran, NEHA Executive Secretary,Pine Manor College, Chestnut HIll, MA 02167.

RECENf RESEARCH

On the Field of Struggle: The lrishAmerican Sporting Experience

The Irish were the first ethnic group in America to besingled out by spokesmen of the dominant AngloAmerican culture as having a spedal penchant forathletics. Confronted by the athletic excellence ofIrishAmericans, Anglo-Americans developed theories toexplain the phenomenon. Faced with the success ofJohn C. Heenan,MikeMcCoole,John Morrissey, "Yankee" Sullivan, and other mid-nineteenth century IrishAmericanboxers, for example, phrenologists and physiologists claimed that the Irish body type was perfectlysuited for pugilism; that, on the whole, the Irish hadlonger arms, heavier muscles, and thicker skulls thanAnglo-Americans. Of course, they also argued thatthick skulls indicated small brains and low mentalcapadty, and that as a "people" the Irish were perfectlyconstructed for menial labor as well as rugged sports.During the twentieth century, sociologists and sodalcommentators have used poverty and discriminationtheories to explain the athletic success of Irish-Americans. According to these arguments, poverty anddiscrimination prevented the Irish-and later AfroAmericans, Jews, and other ethnic groups-from attending certain schools and participating in certainbusinesses. To achieve economic and eventual sodal

mobility, therefore, the Irish turned to the "queerladders" ofsuccess-machinepolitics, businesseswhichdepended upon political ties, labor unions, entertainment, crime, and sports. Sports, then, became anavenue leading out of poverty.

To be sure, the sodological explanation has greaterclaim to credence than the phrenological. The Irish didplay an active role in machine politics, politically dependent businesses, labor unions, entertainment, crime,and sports. But in many cases those activities did notprovide an escape from poverty or lead to a generalacceptance into the dominant culture. In fact, there isa certain reductionist element to the sociological argument. There is a tendency to view the "queer ladder" asa means of escape-away out of poverty but also out ofthe drcumscribedboundaries ofethnidty-rather thanas an expression of ethnic culture and even as an aid forethnic solidarity.

My study in progress centers on one rung of the "queerladder"-the Irish-American sporting experience. Myobject is not so much to challenge the traditionalsodological and historical view as to restructure theentire debate. The traditional view looks at the lrish-

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American experience from the perspective of the dominant culture. Assuming that the Irish-Americans desired sodal and economic mobility-both core valuesin Anglo-American culture--traditional scholars havestudied the way sports have fadlitated those ends. Thisattempt to view the Irish from the outside has obviousshortcomings, the greatest of which is the assumptionthat Irish-Americans were more American than Irish.My study looks at the Irish-American sporting experience in the nineteenth and early-twentieth centuriesfrom the inside. My central concern is not how IrishAmericans tried to break down the doors of the dominant Anglo-American culture but how they tried toprotect, nourish, and foster their own traditions andvalues. In short, I posit that Irish ways exerted a greaterpull than American attitudes, and that Irish-Americanswere more Irish than American.

At the heart of the Irish-American experience was aCatholic mentality that contradicted Anglo-Americanculture on several levels. While Anglo-Americans celebrated individualism and created a political systemsensitive to individual aspirations, Irish Catholic immigrants cleaved to a corporate view of sodety and invested their energies in the community. Interests offamily, parish, church, and peers often came beforeindividual advancement. In addition, while AngloAmericans were geographically-as well as sodally andeconomically-mobile, Irish-Americans placed greatervalue on land and place, homes and neighborhoods.Preferring stability to mobility, they created "urbanvillages"withpowerful senses of identity. Finally,whileAnglo-Americans praised democracy, Irish-Americansrevered hierarchy and authority. Once again, theirconcern was more for social order and communitystability than for individual advancement.

Given this world view, the "queer ladder" thesis breaksdown. Escape, upward mobility, individual freedomthese concepts moved Anglo-Americans more thanIrish-Americans. Indeed, even during theworst years ofEnglish domination and the Great Famine, the majorityof the Irish refused to flee Ireland. In his superb studyof Irish immigrants, Kerby A. Miller notes that a highpercentage ofIrishCatholicswho emigrated to Americaconsidered themselves involuntary exiles. Unhappy intheir exile, homesick and resentful of the dominantAnglo-American culture, they clung to their traditionalways and fought to delay assimilation. As theirpoliticaland clerical leaders compared them to the "children ofIsrael," Irish emigrants attempted to preserve theirgroup identity in the howling desert of America.

Sports provided one way to preserve Irish distinctiveness in America. ThroughoutNorth America-in boththe United States and Canada-Irish Catholics formed

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sports clubs. The objectives of these clubs, however,extended far beyond the confines of the athletic field.They attempted to perpetuate the Irish language, literature, customs, manners, and beliefs. They often sponsored picnics, dances, and other social functions. Norwere they simply sports and social clubs. Following thelead of such organizations as the Gaelic Athletic Assodation in Ireland, Irish sports clubs in America frequently and actively supported Irish Republican politics. This political link was particularly strong in thoseclubs which insisted upon the continuation of traditional Irish folk games. Just as in Ireland MichaelCusack,writing for UnitedIreland, implored his countrymen to stop playing English sports governed by theEnglish Amateur Athletic Association and "to take themanagement of their games into their own hands," inAmerica, Irish clubs revived such traditional sports ashurling and Gaelic football. Indeed, during the 1880sand 1890s at least five of Boston's Irish athletic clubscompeted in Ireland's national game of hurling.

Butwhether the Emerald IsleHurlingClub inBoston orthe Fenian Baseball Club in New Orleans or the Shamrock Lacrosse Club in Montreal, the object was a common goal: the preservation of the Irish community,culture, and heritage in America. Ethnic sports clubs, asJohn C. Pooley has demonstrated in his study of ethnicsoccer clubs in Milwaukee, inhibit assimilation andencourage ethnic solidarity. They function as a defenseagainst the dominant culture, not as an avenue intothat culture.

In addition to forming their own sports clubs, IrishAmericans explidtIy rejected the emerging sport ethosof Anglo-American culture. During the nineteenthcentury modem sports emerged. Sports authoritiesstandardized rules, created bureaucratic organizations,formed leagues, and began the ruthless quantificationof results. These authorities-a collection ofpromoters,team owners, bureaucrats, and urban politidans-controlled modern sports. Playerswho had once organizedand controlled their own games became pawns of thenew sports offidals. And where once spectators playedan active role in the outcome of the sports that theywatched, now they were expected to sit passively andrestrain their emotions.

Irish-Americans fought against the modernization ofsports. Although they could do little to prevent the riseof bureaucrades, leagues, and standardization, IrishAmerican athletes could and did rebel against theAnglo-American ideal of sporting behavior. Irish prizefighters, for example, rejected the dominant Victoriancode of conductwhich emphasized sobriety, thrift, selfcontrol, and domestidty. Theydrank to excess, gambled

away or freely spent their earnings, and centered theirexistence around the neighborhood saloon. They evenspumed the Victorian concept of manliness with itsemphasis on being a good husband, father, and breadwinner. As Elliott]. Gam suggested in his fine study ofthe nineteenth-century prize ring, "toughness, ferocity,prowess, [and] honor" became the touchstones formanliness for Irish-American pugilists.

Professional baseball also felt the impact of Irish cultureandbehavior. Baseball emerged inNewYorkCity in the1840s as a dub game for clerks, store keepers, professional men, and other middle class "gentlemen." Players followed strict Victorian rules of conduct when onthe field. They dressed properly, followed the instructions of their captain, and refrained from criticizing theumpire or using profanity. The white collar nature ofthe sport soon changed as blue collarAmeri�ans-{)ftenGerman and Irish immigrants-began playingbaseball.Professional baseball, which emerged in the 1870s andwas dominated by Irish-American players, stood instark contrast to the Victorian ideal of proper conduct.Players verbally and occasionally physically abusedumpires; spiked, tripped, and fought each other; andcheated whenever they believed they could get awaywith it. Journalists commonly attributed this roughand unruly play to the large number of Irish-Americanswho played the professional game. And, indeed, manyof themost notorious players-Mike "King" Kelly.]ohnMcGraw, andWillie Keeler-were Irish-Americans. Butto view Irish-American players' behavior as aberrantwould be to view it within the context of a code ofbehavior which they rejected. On the field they expressed their own culture-a culture which was readilyunderstood and appreciated by Irish-American spectators-rather than follow the rules and expectations ofthe dominant Anglo-American code of conduct.

Anglo-American journalists also critidzed Irish-American spectators, the "great unwashed" whohurledbottles,rotten eggs, and the vilest insults at umpires and whostormed the playing field, interrupted play, or rioted atthe slightest provocation. Once again, these actions,verboten in the Anglo-American code of behavior, werewellwithin the dictates oflrish culture. Irish-Americansdid not recognize the iron distinctions between playingand watching. They rejected the Victorian notion thatspectators should be quiet, passive observers of theaction on the field. The great Irish philosopher Mr.Dooleywas aware of the difference between the AngloAmerican ideal and Irish inclinations. About onesporting event he observed, "Iwas resthrained be a frindiv mine....an' says he: 'Don't make a disturbance,' hesays. 'We've got create a fav'rable impression here,' hesays, 'th'English,' he says, 'niver shows enthusyasrn,' he

says. "Tis regarded as unpolite,' he says. 'If ye yell,' hesays, 'they'll thinkwewant towin,' he says. 'L�t �s showthim,' he says, 'that we're gintleme�, be It I�e� sopainful,' he says. An' I resthrained mesìlf be puttìn mefist in me mouth." Most Irish-American spectators,however, refused to put a fist in their mouths. Ins�eadlike the players on the field-they expressed their ownculture.

Randy RobertsPurdue University

ARCHIVES

Archives of the Archdiocese of Santa Fe

Less than 50 years after the"discovery" of the Americasby Christopher Columbus, the Spanish had exploredmuch of the present day southwestern United States.These early explorations led to the first permanentsettlement of New Mexico in 1598. Franciscan friars,who had accompanied early expeditions into NewMexico, also accompanied the colonizing expediti.onwhich was led by luan de Onate. By 1616 New MexICOhad been erected into a Frandscan Custodywith headquarters in the Indian village of Santo Doming? anddocuments relating to church matters were kept m thearchive there. In 1680 the Pueblo Indians rose in revoltagainst Spanish rule and drove the colonists out ofNewMexico. During the revol t, 21 of the 33 Franciscan friarsin New Mexico at the time and over 200 Spanishcolonists were killed. Many of the churcheswhich hadbeen built throughoutNewMexico since its settlementwere completely destroyed.

In 1692 the Spanish returned to New Mexico and hadsoon resettled the area. Frandscan friars again accompanied the settlers and continued w.ith their wo.rkamong the Pueblo Indians. The Franciscan CustodI.alheadquarters, including the archive, were once agamestablished at Santo Domingo Pueblo. In 1730 themissions ofNewMexico were placed under the authority of the Diocese ofDurango inMexico. Beca�se �herewere so few diocesan clergy, however, the majorìty ofthe churches continued tobe administered byFrandscanfriars. In 1776, the year our nation won its independence from England, FrayFrandscoAtanasioDominguezconducted an extensive descriptive survey of the missions ofNewMexico. Included in this survey is a sectionon the Frandscan archive at Santo Domingo. TheDominguez survey of the archive lists documents pertainingtomatrimonial dispensationswhich dated from1619 to the date of the inventory (1776), burial, baptismal, marriage, and some confirmation records, and

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other documents relating to the various missions. Ofthe several pre-revolt documents which were listed byDominguezonly two arepartof thepresentArchdiocesancollection. One other pre-revolt document pertainingto the conversion of New Mexico Indians is in thecollections of the State Records Center and Archives.

By 1800 therewere only 28 Frandscan friars left inNewMexico. TheNewMexico towns ofSanta Fe, Santa Cruzde la Canada, Tome, Taos, and Abiquiu were by thistime secularized and each had been placed in charge ofa secular priest from the Diocese of Durango. Mexicogained its independence from Spain in 1821 and in1834 a federal decree secularized all Mexican missions.Prior toNewMexico becoming a territory of theUnitedStates in 1846, the number of Frandscans was furtherdecreased. NewMexico wasmade a Vicariate Apostolicunder Bishop john Baptist Lamy in 1850 and becamethe Diocese of Santa Fe in 1853. When Bishop Lamyarrived in Santa Fe in 1851 there were only 10 priests inthe entire territory of New Mexico. By 1875 when thearea was elevated to the Archdiocese of Santa Fe thenumber of priests had been increased to 86. These wereresponsible for 28 parishes and 170 missions whichwere attended regularly. By 1900 there were 57 priestsserving in the Archdiocese of Santa Fe. Today, the areaof theArchdiocese ofSanta Fe totals 61,142squaremiles- a little over half of the state ofNew Mexico. There are188 active priests, diocesan and religious, 91 parishes,and 216 active missions.

It is unclearwhen the archive at SantoDomingo ceasedto exist. An 1829 document from the nearby Pueblo ofCochiti states that SantoDomingo iswithout amissionary. Sacramental records continued to be entered inbooks from the mission of Santo Domingo until 1869.The mission of Santo Domingo is now served from theparish at Pena Blanca. It is to be noted that the Puebloof SantoDomingo has been relocated several times dueto flooding of the Rio Grande. In 1880 when anthropologist Adolph Bandelier visited the Pueblo he reported two churches at the Pueblo - the "old" churchand newer one which had been built by 1762. Thesetwo churches along with the convento were washedaway in a disastrous flood in 1885. Movable items,including books from the library, were removed by themen and women of Santo Domingo before the floodtook the churches and convento. It is hoped thatarchivalmaterial was also removed at that time and thatthe pre-revolt items listed by Dominguez in 1776 mayone day be discovered.

The documentswhich currently comprise the Archivesof the Archdiocese of Santa Fe were collected under the

authority of Archbishop Rudolph A. Gerken sometime

after 1933. Thematerial catalogued under the categorythe "Historic Archive" is listed in the publication Archives of the Archdiocese ofSanta Fe 1678-1900 by FrayAngélico Chavez, O.F.M., published by the Academy ofAmerican Frandscan History in 1957. This materialcontains the documents known as the diligenciasmatrimonales (prenuptial investigations) dating from1678 to 1869. These matrimonial dispensations are awealth of information for those conducting familyhistories. This collection of documents includes theearliest record in the ASF archives. The document is the

petition of'josê deMena, son of Frandsco deMena andNicolasa Ontiberos from La Puebla to marry ApoloniaTapia, daughter of Pedro Tapia and Maria Salazar. Thisand other diligendas matrimoniales in the collectionhave been extracted and are available for research. Thehistoric collection also includes Mission and parishsacramental registers and loose documents dating fromthe mission period (1680-1850) and the Diocesan period (1850-1900). These registers also provide a wealthof information for those conducing family histories.Some of them are also important for their beautifulanimal skin covers and for the drawings found withintheir pages. The covers are in many instances paintedand it is believed that theywere taken from large Indianhide paintings. The drawings were the work of theFrandscan friars who were appointed to the missions.One particular drawing in a 1726-1776 Santa Cruzmarriage register shows the marriage of joseph andMary with God the Father in the center. This drawingis signed by Fray Manuel de Sapena, a Franciscan friarwho served intermittently at Santa Cruz from about1720 to 1748. Books ofPatentes and Books of Accountsare also included in the historic collection. The BooksofPatentes include copied letters from major Frandscansuperiors, from thebishop or chancery ofDurango, andfrom the civil authorities. Items of interest in the BooksofPatentes include reports on ecclesiastical visitations ofNewMexico, parish ormission census records, description, condition, and inventories of mission churches,clergy assignments, licenses issued for the building ofchapels, instructions on keeping records including thechancery's method on the recording of matrimonialinvestigations, detailed instructions on the care ofchurches, and other such items. Books of Accountscontain local inventories and accounts including thoseof church confraternities and sodeties. The Books ofAccounts also include the affidaI acts of communications of the episcopal visitors from Durango. Amongthe items is a report to the Bishop of Durango from aPriest Visitor, Vicar Don juan Bautista Guevara, whichmentions that the militia is poorly armed and that thebell from the military chapel in Santa Fe had to bebroken intomortar shot for lackofmunitions. In a laterbook it states that New Mexico Governor Manuel

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Armijo asks the church for help to feed soldiers. GovernorArmi jo suggests a loan of funds from the accountsof the confraternities ofOur Lady of the Rosary and theBlessed Sacrament. An important item in the 1813-1850 BookofAccounts from Santa Fe states that on]une29, 1823, the City of Santa Fe adopted St. Francis ofAssisi as Patron of the city.

The Sacramental Registers from mission and parishchurches dating from 1969 to 1990 are extremelyimportant for those conducing family histories. Theregisters also provide important information regardingvisitations of parishes by ecclesiastical visitors andbishops. Other items found in these books include themention of the formal procession andmass in honor ofthe visit of Bishop José Antonio Zubiria held in Santa Feon June 25, 1833. The historic archive collection hasbeenmicrofilmed and is available for research at variousinstitutions throughout NewMexico, the GenealogicalSociety of Utah, the Genealogical Sodety of HispanicAmerica in Denver, and other such organizations.

Records in the archive collection of the Archdiocese ofSanta Fe after 1900 have not for the most part beenadequately catalogued. These records contain a wealthof information relating to the church in New Mexicofrom 1900 to the present and include the immenselyimportant Archbishop files starting with ArchbishopPeter Bourgade, Fourth Archbishop of Santa Fe (1899-1909). These files include personal information abouteach of the Archbishops, sermons, appointments, general correspondence, wills, photographs, and otheritems of historical importance. The collection alsocontains administrative files including those relating toreal estate, finance, wills and estates, and other suchitems. Records pertaining to general church and specìfic Archdiocesan organizations and commissions arealso contained in this collection and include meetingminutes, general correspondence, and other relatedmaterial. Group collections include parish recordswhich are used extensively for compiling parish histories, records pertaining tomen's and women's religiousorganizations, and Archdiocesan publications including newsletters and newspapers.

Other types of items of importance to the collection arephotographs and slides as well as books and publications induding an almost complete collection of TheOffidal Catholic Directory from 1852 to the present anda rare first illustrated edition of Willa Cather's DeathComestortheArchbishop. Oneofthefavoriteitemsin thecollection is an edition of a Missale Romano-Seraphicumfrom Santo Domingo Pueblo whose original cover hasbeen replaced by buckskin. This piece of buckskin hada bullet hole in it when it was given to Fray Angélico

Chavez by the Indians of Santo Domingo Pueblo. FrayAngélico repaired thebullet hole and used it to cover themissal which he gave to the Archives in 1981. Explanations for the bullet hole have not been given but itmakes the piece interesting and unique. An inventoryof this collection has been compiled and is available forresearch by advance appointment only. Access tosomeof the material may require the approval of the Chancellor.

The historic collection and most of the post 1900collectionwas relocated to Santa Fe in 1987. It is housedin a vaultwhich wasbuilt spedfically for the archives inthe 1930's. Plans for the future include the building ofa new environmentally controlled fadlity for the archives, the ongoing project to adequately catalogue thepost 1900 collection, and conservation treatment ofspedfic historically important items.

Marina OchoaArchdiocese of Santa Fe Archives

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VOLUME 18 NUMBER 2 FALL 1991 Nonprofit OrganizationU.S. Postage PaidNotre Darne, IndianaPermit No. 10AMERICAN CATHOUC STUDIES

NEWSLETTERCUSHWKCENfER FOR THE STUDY OF AMERICAN CATHOLICISM

614 Hesburgh LibraryUniversity of Notre DarneNotre Darne, Indiana 46556

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