New Targets and Best Practices Towards Zero Waste - … · New Targets and Best Practices Towards...

MWA Environmental Consultants

New Targets and Best Practices Towards Zero Waste

Carey McIver & Maura Walker

MWA Environmental Consultants CWMA Conference

October, 2014


1. Introduction – Christine Woodhouse MOE

2. Current Targets – Carey McIver BC – Guide to Preparation of SWMPs – 50% Reduction Canada – State of Waste Management – Waste Disposal Limits

3. Tracking Progress– How are we doing? BC Waste Disposal Calculator – 2012 Data - McIver

Re-TRAC Connect – 2013 Data - Woodhouse How are we doing compared to others? - McIver

4. Best Practices - How can we do better? - Walker

5. New Targets Best Practices High Level - McIver MOE Disposal Targets Project Work Plan – Walker

Presentation Outline


Introduction



Project 1:

Support increased waste reduction and diversion in BC :

1. Develop a reporting and verification procedure for waste disposal by regional districts

2. Compile case studies on best practices -

Organic Wastes

Construction, Renovation & Demolition Wastes

3. Facilitate workshops with local government staff

Waste Reduction & Diversion in BC: Towards Zero Waste


Project 2

1. Recommendations to refine Service Plan MSW disposal targets

2. Recommendations for regional district disposal targets

3. Description of how both sets of targets can be reached including:

Options for regional districts

Provincial support for regional districts

4. Workshops with RD waste managers for information sharing and input on targets

Refine BC Disposal Targets


Current Targets



1989 WMA amended to require that all regional districts submit a SWMP on or before December 31, 1989

1989 Cabinet endorsed a MSW management strategy which call for reducing the amount of MSW requiring disposal by 50% by the year 2000.

Essential part of strategy was the sequential hierarchy of the 3Rs – reduce, reuse recycle, plus recovery and residual management

Definition of MSW includes residential, ICI and DLC

Current BC Target


BC Environment Guidelines

A blueprint for reducing the generation of MSW requiring disposal in each regional district

Aim is to help province achieve its 50% reduction goal by 2000

Guiding principle:

that regional MSW be reduced to the greatest extent possible, in accordance with the 3RS hierarchy, and consistent with local resources and nature of regional solid waste stream


Provincial goal was 35% reduction by 1995, and 50% reduction by 2000 of the provincial waste stream

“The ministry expects each regional district to contribute to achieving provincial goal by reducing the amount of solid waste generated in the regional district as much as possible, consistent with the community resources and nature of the regional solid waste stream.”

1994 Guide anticipated that regional districts would calculate rate of generation of MSW in plan area in Kg/cap/day

BC Environment Targets


Waste generation = waste diverted + waste disposed

Quantification difficult for diversion

Provincial reduction target became seen as diversion target

Many regional districts set aggressive diversion targets

“Unofficial” provincial disposal target was 1.1 kg per capita per day or 401 kg per capita per year

If goal is to reduce waste generation need quantification of diversion and disposal

Target – Diversion or Disposal?

Source: Metro Vancouver Recycling and Solid Waste Management 2013 Summary

Reduction in waste disposed since 1994 = 43% (25% in 2000) Diversion Rate is 60% (45% in 2000))


CCME - State of Waste Management in Canada 2014

Waste management policy frameworks

Overarching policy strategy for waste

Most provinces but BC reference is to 2004 not 1989

Numeric target for waste diversion? Ontario – 60% for EPR Quebec 70% for recycling and 60% for organics Nova Scotia 50% diversion by 2015 in 1995

strategy NL 50% by 2020

Waste Disposal Targets in Canada


Numeric upper limit included for waste disposal AB 658 kg per capita QC 700 kg per capita NS 300 kg per capita

Does the policy include diversion or disposal targets for municipalities and if so how are they monitored?

NS

Do strategies include ICI and CR&D wastes? ICI – QC and NS CR&D – AB, MB, ON, QC, NS, NL

Waste Disposal Limits


CCME Report Recommendations

Measuring waste diversion masks increase in waste generation overall

Include targets for disposal limits to drive action toward reduction and diversion

Require municipal & ICI disposal performance monitoring


Tracking Progress



1. RCBC Annual Reporting

Inconsistent and inaccurate data

2. BC MoE Waste Diversion Calculator

2010 Working Group Disposal and Diversion

3. Environmental Reporting BC

2010 Solid Waste Reporting for Community Energy & Emissions Inventory (CEEI)

4. Statistics Canada

Bi-Annual Data Calls

5. Annual Landfill Operations & Monitoring Reports

BC Waste Disposal Reporting

Regional District: Reporting Year:

Waste

Management

Option

Material

Type

Quantity

(tonnes reported

before processing)

Allowance

Factor

Quantity (net

tonnes reported

after processing)*

Calculated

ValueNotes

Recycling Recyclables

--- --- --- 0

Cell will populate after "Recyclable

Materials" sheet is completed.

EPR Programs Various

Products--- --- --- 0

Cell will populate after "EPR Materials"

sheet is completed.

Composting Organics

0.95 0

This value should include private and public

facilities. 5% process residuals assumed.

Anaerobic

Digestion

Organics

0.80 0

20% process residuals assumed.

Backyard

Composting

Organics

0.25 --- 0

250 kg/yr (0.25 tonnes) per compost unit

provided. Insert number of composters

distributed in column D.

Recycling Concrete/

Asphalt --- --- 0

Value will be used to calculate additional

diversion percentage for reporting. Should

only be used if the RD has traditionally

landfilled this material.

Other

--- --- 0

Please specify material type (e.g., bottom

ash for road building).

Re

cove

ry

Combustion

(which meets the

MoE WTE

Operational

Policy)

MSW

--- --- 0

Subtract ash/residuals and recyclable

materials (e.g., recovered metals) disposed

or recycled before entering value. Restrict

reporting to net value (column F). Quantity

of recycled materials entered in Diversion

Section. Quantity of ash/residuals disposed

entered in Disposal Section.

Combustion MSW

--- --- 0

Subtract ash/residuals and recyclable

materials (e.g., recovered metals) disposed

or recycled before entering value. Restrict

reporting to net value (column F). Quantity

of recycled materials entered in Diversion

Section. Quantity of ash/residuals disposed

entered in Disposal Section.

Landfill MSW

--- --- 0

Subtract amount of MSW imported from

outside the Regional District.

Exported for

disposal

MSW

--- --- 0

Div

ers

ion

Dis

po

sal

Draft BC Waste Diversion Calculator


Uses definitions developed for Waste Diversion Calculator

Uses same data as required by Statistics Canada Waste Management Industry Survey: Government Sector

To minimize additional work by local governments

Aims to align with other MOE data requests

Community Energy and Emissions Inventory (CEEI)

Annual landfill reporting

BC Waste Disposal Calculator



Excel-based Spreadsheet includes:

User Guide

Definitions

Disposal Calculator

Landfill disposal by Regional District

Estimate of import or export


Waste from residential, commercial, institutional, demolition, land clearing or construction sources

may include refuse specified by the Ministry of Environment to be included in a solid waste management plan.

Does not include hazardous waste, biomedical waste, agricultural waste, motor vehicles or components, and contaminated soil

Does not include landfill cover material and materials recovered for beneficial use within a landfill site

MSW Definition


Landfill(s) within Regional District

May be operated by RD, Municipality or Private

Incineration counts as disposal (currently)

Export out of Regional District

If not using landfill within RD

Best estimate of import/export as %

Report by landfill in metric tonnes

Can be verified by annual operations and monitoring report required by operational certificate or permit

Landfill Disposal - 2012


Test Driven with 2012 Data

Distributed to 29 Regional Districts

Response from 26

Population numbers from BC Stats Sub-Provincial Population Estimates Released January 31, 2014


2012 Regional District Waste Disposal

Regional District Population Density Disposed Disposal Rate MSW

Population1 Pop/km2(tonnes) kg/cap Tip Fee

Alberni-Clayoquot 31,090 4.7 23,611 759 95.00$

Bulkley-Nechako 39,679 0.5 23,783 599 10.00$

Capital 368,728 153.8 145,279 394 107.00$

Cariboo 62,861 0.8 44,597 709 25.00$

Central Kootenay 58,864 2.6 28,064 477 85.00$

Central Okanagan 183,912 61.9 112,046 609 65.00$

Columbia-Shuswap 50,993 1.7 30,677 602 70.00$

Comox Valley 63,994 37.4 43,541 680 80.00$

Cowichan Valley 81,780 23.1 24,299 297 140.00$

East Kootenay 57,093 2.1 46,725 818 -$

Fraser Valley 285,735 20.8 202,612 709 75.00$

Fraser-Fort George 94,064 1.8 81,911 871 62.00$

Kitimat-Stikine 37,818 0.4 28,364 750 20.00$

Kootenay Boundary 31,168 3.9 20,831 668 95.00$

Metro Vancouver 2,417,081 802.5 1,356,966 561 107.00$

Mount Waddington 11,452 0.6 6,561 573 115.00$

Nanaimo 148,464 71.9 52,516 354 115.00$

North Okanagan 81,739 10.8 40,000 489 88.00$

Okanagan- Similkameen 81,954 7.8 54,253 662 70.00$

Peace River 62,273 0.5 54,250 871 45.00$

Powell River 20,091 3.9 7,776 387 203.00$

Skeena-Queen Charlotte 18,948 0.9 14,739 778 90.00$

Squamish-Lillooet 56,092 2.3 27,990 499 110.00$

Strathcona 43,619 2.4 28,120 645 80.00$

Sunshine Coast 29,115 7.6 11,679 401 125.00$

Thompson-Nicola 130,541 2.9 82,183 630 60.00$

Central Coast 3,258 0.1

Northern Rockies 6,035 0.1

Stikine 623 -

TOTAL 4,559,064 4.8

TOTAL Excluding CCRD,NRRD, SRD 4,549,148 2,593,373 570

2012

Population vs Waste Disposal

Regional District Disposal Rates

570 kg/cap

Density vs Disposal Rate

Disposal Rate vs Tipping Fee

Disposal Rate by Regions


Must be easy to use

Generate data that is consistent across province

Produce accurate data

Be engaging and visually appealing

Link to other tools that would be useful to local government solid waste managers (or those inputting data)

ReTRAC Connect

On-Line Waste Disposal Reporting

Presenter: R I C K P E N N E R


Program Reporting

Pam is a Regional District Manager

in British Columbia.

She wants to provide her annual MSW disposal

data to the BC Ministry of Environment.

PAM F R E E A C C O U N T


She learned that MSW information

can be submitted via the BC Waste

Disposal Calculator in

Re-TRAC Connect:

To complete, Pam had to submit the annual

Regional District Municipal Solid Waste Disposal form.


Pam was able to save time by not having to complete

and email electronic documents.

Pam was able to see greater time savings every year

because data was carried over from previous years.

Pam had instant feedback that her data was

submitted successfully.

Pam can now easily access historical MSW data

generated by her regional district.

The BC Ministry of Environment can review Pam's

data instantly and in

real-time.


Tools


Exporting this chart to include in his

annual report was easy.

It helped justify the purchase of 250

recycling bins.


Tracking Progress: How are we doing compared to

others?



Conference Board of Canada

Released 2013


Statistics Canada


OECD Municipal Waste


Municipal waste is collected by or on behalf of municipalities and includes:

Household waste originating from households (waste generated by the domestic activity of households)

Similar waste from

small commercial activities, office buildings, institutions such as schools and government buildings and small businesses

That treat or dispose of waste at the same facilities used for municipally collected waste

OECD MSW Definition


Variation from country to country on

Definition of municipal waste

Survey methods used to collect information

Main problems related to the coverage of waste from commerce and trade

Comparability


Municipal Solid Waste Generation, Recycling, and Disposal in the United States: Facts and Figures for 2012 Generation rate 723 kg per capita per year

Divert 248 kg per capita per year

Dispose of 475 kg per capita per year

Definition: MSW includes residential waste and waste from commercial

and institutional locations (businesses, schools and hospitals)

MSW does not include industrial, hazardous or construction waste

US EPA Reporting


State of California 2012 disposal rate:

712 kg per capita per year

City of San Francisco 2012 disposal rate:

482 kg per capital per year

Disposal includes:

All solid waste disposed by all sources (residents, businesses, institutions, self-haul, construction and demolition sites, military bases, government agencies etc)

All solid waste disposed at CalRecycle permitted landfills

All solid waste exported out of state

CalRecycle


0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

Canada California BC BAU Nova Scotia

Kg per Capita

570

710

400

BC Disposal Rate Comparison

729


How can we do better?



Profile innovative and effective action by local gov’t

Includes a range of local gov’ts (size, location, services)

10+ case studies focused on organic waste

SF,MF, commercial/institutional

10+ case studies focused on construction, renovation and demolition (CR&D) waste

All case studies are available through the BC Environment website

Best Practices Case Studies


Each case study includes:

Program details

Financial data (capital, operating, staffing, cost recovery)

Reduction and diversion (including GHGs when available)

Political and community acceptability

Lessons learned

Contact info

Case Studies


Organic Wastes

Best Practices in


Love Food, Hate Waste (WRAP)

North Shore Recycling Program – Compost Coaching

Organics – Waste Reduction


North Shore Recycling Program Compost Coaching

Population:180,292

Pilot project, now on-going program using community-based social marketing to reduce organics requiring collection

On-site training and follow-up

Reduction & Diversion

450 kg/hh/yr for non-comp0sters

90 kg/hh/yr for homes already composting


Single Family Collection Programs

Kitchen Scraps Only

RDN, Grand Forks

Kitchen Scraps and Yard Waste

Mission, Port Coquitlam

Multi-Family Programs

New Westminster’s Cart Based Collection

Recycling Alternative’s Food Scraps Drop Spots in Vancouver

On-site In-Vessel Composting at Malaspina Village in Coquitlam

Organics – Residential Diversion


Grand Forks (RDKB) Food Scraps Collection

Population: 4,026/1,830 SF Households

Reduction & Diversion 2012 collected 123 kg per household

2012 diversion rate 62% (not including self-haul yard waste)

Disposal Impact Pre-program per household disposal

rate 264 kg/yr

Current per household disposal rate 119 kg /yr (145 kg/hh/yr reduction)


District of Mission (FVRD) Rot Pot Program

Pop:37,549/11,000 SF households

Revitalization of organics collection Original commingled YW and FW did

not capture kitchen scraps

Introduction of ‘rot pot’ achieved a six-fold increase in the amount of kitchen scraps collected

Reduction & Diversion Pre-program per household disposal

rate 443 kg/yr

Current per household disposal rate

345 kg /yr ( 22% reduction)


Policy-based

RDN Disposal Ban on Commercial Food Waste

On-Site

Strathcona BIA On-Site Composting and Social Enterprise Collection service

Organics – Commercial Diversion


Regional District of Nanaimo Commercial Food Waste Ban

Population: 151,508

Collaborated with haulers and customers on how to implement ban

Private collection and processing

RDN provides education and enforcement


2006 - 4200 tonnes or 30 kg per capita reduction in food waste

Recovery rate 48% (current recovery rate 33%)

Disposal Impact

RDN annual per capita disposal rate from 553 kg in 2005 to 517 kg/ in 2006


Posted on BC Environment website

Link to BC Environment Website

Website includes other tools for organic waste management

Reduce Food Waste

Estimate Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Regulation & Guidelines

Model Organics Strategies

Organics Case Studies

http://www2.gov.bc.ca/gov/topic.page?id=CFE8823776E049CFBD8CF5092363DE01


Questions?

Discussion

For organics diversion, are best practices/case studies helpful?

Other examples – template available

Are there other ways the Ministry could support organics diversion?

Organics Best Practices/Case Studies


Construction, Renovation & Demolition Wastes

Best Practices in


Waste Reduction

Whistler Re-Build It Centre

Sidney’s Support for House Re-Use

Voluntary Mechanisms

City of Vancouver Permits for Deconstruction

CR&D Case Studies


Whistler Re-Build-It Centre

Population 27,075 (visitors)

Collaboration of municipality and social service organization

Targets used goods that cannot be managed a thrift store (appliances, construction materials, large furniture)

Located in a light industrial/commercial area

Reduction & Diversion 2013: 164.2 t


Mandatory Mechanisms – Local Gov’t Strategies & Policies RDN CR&D Waste Diversion Strategy

Halifax Regional Municipality CR&D Processor Licensing

Metro Vancouver Sample Bylaw for Increased CR&D Recycling

Mandatory Mechanisms Linked to Local Gov’t Permitting City of Port Moody Mandatory SWMP and Refundable Fees

City of San Jose CR&D Diversion Deposit Program

City of Portland Mandatory CR&D Recycling Program

Mandatory Mechanisms Linked to Building Codes California Green Building Standards Code - CalGreen

CR&D Mandatory Mechanisms


Halifax CR&D Processor Licensing

Population 413,700

CR&D disposal ban

Material must go to licensed processing facilities Minimum 75% diversion rate

required at facilities


2013 recycled 72,600 tonnes CR&D material


Port Moody Mandatory Waste Management Plan and Refundable Fees

Population 34,479

Waste management plan required

Refundable fees


2013 Diversion for all CR&D waste: 84% (24 Projects)

Target 70%


City of Portland Mandatory CR&D Reuse & Recycling

Population: 583,776

Mandatory 75% recycling rate for CR&D materials (85% for City owned facilities)

Projects over $50K must submit a debris management form

All mixed loads must go to a licensed processing facility

Min. 85% diversion required

On-line diversion tools


Will be posted soon

Questions?

Discussion

For CR&D waste diversion, are case studies helpful?

Other examples?

Are there other ways the Ministry could support CR&D waste diversion?

CR&D Case Studies


New Targets How much better can we do?


Regional District Disposal Rates

570 kg/cap

Disposal Rate by Regions


Quantity diverted = 70 kg per capita (based on the RDN and other organics case studies)

Applied to potential regional districts:

Vancouver Island South Coast - ACRD, CRD, CVRD, SRD, PRRD, SCRD

Lower Mainland – SLRD, FVRD

Metro Vancouver

Okanagan Region - RDNO, CORD, TNRD, RDOS

Kootenay Region – RDCK, CSRD, RDKB, RDEK

Northern Region - None

Average disposal rate reduced to 510 kg per capita

If we enhanced organics diversion…

Potential Organics Diversion


Quantity diverted = 100 kg per capita (based on results of the RDN wood waste ban)

Potential regional districts:

Alberni Clayoquot , Capital, Comox Valley, Strathcona

East Kootenay

Sunshine Coast

Metro Van

Average disposal rate reduced to 445 kg per capita

If we add CR&D diversion…

Potential Organics & CR&D


0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

Canada California BC BAU BC + Organics BC + CRD

Kg per Capita

570 510

710

Potential BC Disposal Rate

445

BC MoE Service Plan Target 2016/17: 450 kg per capita

729


1. 2013 Disposal Calculator Data Call

2. Refine BC Disposal Targets

Contacting all regional districts

3. Identify ways that the Province can support local government efforts

4. Workshops with waste managers

Information sharing

Input on targets

Next Steps


Questions? Thank You

[email protected]

[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

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