New Passive House Standards - Microsoft...New Passive House Standards How PHIUS + 2015 Makes Passive...
Transcript of New Passive House Standards - Microsoft...New Passive House Standards How PHIUS + 2015 Makes Passive...
New Passive House Standards
HowPHIUS+2015MakesPassiveHouseViableinVeryColdClimates
EnergyDesignConferenceDuluth,MNFebruary24,2016
MichaelLeBeauCPHCDirectorofBuilldingScienceandTechnologyCR-BuildingPerformanceSpecialistsInc.
KatrinKlingenbergExecuTveDirectorPassiveHouseInsTtuteUS
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InaccordancewiththeDepartmentofLaborandIndustry’sstatute326.0981,Subd.11,
“ThiseducaTonalofferingisrecognizedbytheMinnesotaDepartmentofLaborandIndustryassaTsfying1hourofcredittowardBuildingOfficialandResiden4alContractors
conTnuingeducaTonrequirements.”
ForaddiTonalconTnuingeducaTonapprovals,pleaseseeyourcredittrackingcard.
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Background
• PassiveHouseconceptdevelopedinGermany• FirstGermanPHbuiltin1990• PHmainfocusisonenergyperformanceofbuildingshellandsystems• ModeledverificaTonofheaTng,coolingandoverallenergyuse.• MeasuredairTghtnessverificaTon
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German PH Standards
• 15kwh/m2/year(4.75btu/c2)heaTngandcoolingenergy
• 120kwh/m2/year(38.04btu/c2)totalprimaryenergy
• .6ACH50minimumairTghtness
• Samestandardeverywhereregardlessofclimate
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Applying German PH Standards to US
• NorthAmericahasawiderangeofclimatezones
• HothumidclimatesandverycoldclimatesarenothandledwellinoriginalPHmodelsandtechniques
• GermanPHstandardsprovedverydifficulttomeetcosteffecTvelyinextremelycoldclimates
• GermanstandardusesTreatedFloorAreaforcalcs–verydifferentthanUSstandardsformeasuringlivingspaces
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Evolution of PH in North America • PHIUS+cerTficaTonaddedthirdpartyverificaTonusingspeciallytrainedRESNETHERSraters.
• SiteinspecTons
• Sub-slabinsulaToncheck
• PreliminaryblowerdoortesTng
• InsulaTonqualitycheck
• FinalblowerdoortesTng
• VenTlaTonsystembalancing
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Evolution of PH in North America (cont)
• PHIUS+addsverificaTonandcerTficaTonfor:
• DOEZeroEnergyReadyHome• DOEChallengeHome
• EnergyStar(Thermalenclosure,watermanagement,HVAC)
• EPAIndoorAirPlus
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PHIUS + 2015
• IneffectasofSept.15,2015
• DevelopedoverathreeyearprocessbyPHIUStechnicalcommikee
• DevelopedwiththeassistanceofBuildingScienceCorporaTonwithfundingbyaUSDOEBuildingAmericagrant.
• ThemainobjecTvewastoadaptPHgoalstoopTmizecosteffecTvenessbyfinetuningenergytargetstospecificclimatezones.
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Climate Specific Energy Allowances
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Climate Specific Energy Targets - Duluth GermanStandard
PHIUS+2015
(Duluth)
ClimateZone All 7
AnnualHea4ngDemandkBTU/K2
4.75
(TFA)
8.4
(iCFA)
AnnualCoolingDemandkBTU/K2
4.75
(TFA)
1
(iCFA)
PeakHea4ngLoad
BTU/hr/K2
NA
5.7
iCFA)
PeakCoolingLoad
BTU/hr/K2
NA
3.6
(iCFA)
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Climate Specific Energy Targets – St. Paul GermanStandard
PHIUS+2015
(St.Paul)
ClimateZone All 6
AnnualHea4ngDemandkBTU/K2
4.75
(TFA)
7.2
(iCFA)
AnnualCoolingDemandkBTU/K2
4.75
(TFA)
2.9
(iCFA)
PeakHea4ngLoad
BTU/hr/K2
NA
5.6
iCFA)
PeakCoolingLoad
BTU/hr/K2
NA
4.2
(iCFA)
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Climate Specific Energy Targets GermanStandard
PHIUS+2015
(DesMoines)
PHIUS+2015
(St.Paul)
PHIUS+2015
(Duluth)
PHIUS+2015
(Int.Falls)
ClimateZone All 5 6 7 7
AnnualHea4ngDemandkBTU/K2
4.75
5.7
7.2
8.4
9.1
AnnualCoolingDemandkBTU/K2
4.75
4.5
2.9
1
1
PeakHea4ngLoad
BTU/hr/K2
NA
5.3
5.6
5.7
6.2
PeakCoolingLoad
BTU/hr/K2
NA
4.6
4.2
3.6
3.7
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PHIUS + 2015 – Other Changes • ReplacedTreatedFloorArea(TFA)withInteriorCondiTonedFloorArea(iCFA).
• SimplifiedcalculaTonsandreconciledwithUSnorms.
• ChangedairTghtnessmeasurementfromvolumebased.6ACH50toshellareabased.05CFM50perc2ofexteriorskinarea.
• Referencescomponentswhereleakageoccurs,removessmallhousepenalty.
• ChangedPrimaryEnergyallowancefromfloorareabasistooccupancybasis(numberofbedroomsplusoneX6,200kWh/y)
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Example Project – Afton, MN 4027 ft2 iCFA
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Example Project – Different locations ExampleModeled
DesMoines
PHIUS+2015
DesMoines
ExampleModeledSt.Paul
PHIUS+2015
St.Paul
ExampleModeledDuluth
PHIUS+2015Duluth
ExampleModeledInt.Falls
PHIUS+2015
Int.Falls
AnnualHea4ngDemand
kBTU/K2/y
3.24
5.7
4.96
7.2
6.53
8.4
8.15
9.1
AnnualCoolingDemand
kBTU/K2/y
2.82
4.5
.17
2.9
0
1
0
1
PeakHea4ngLoad
BTU/hr/K2
3.0
5.3
4.42
5.6
3.78
5.7
4.77
6.2
PeakCoolingLoad
BTU/hr/K2
1.05
4.6
1.36
4.2
0
3.6
0
3.7
PrimaryEnergykWh/y
20,430
31,000
19,440
31,000
20,620
31,000
21,920
31,000
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DesMoines St.Paul Duluth Int.Falls
kBTU
/FT2/YearAnnualHea4ngDemand
ExampleasModeledvs.PHIUS+2015Allowance
Modeled PHIUS+2015Allowance
GermanPHStandard4.75
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0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
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DesMoines St.Paul Duluth Int.Falls
kBTU
/FT2/YearAnnualCoolingDemand
ExampleasModeledvs.PHIUS+2015Allowance
Modeled PHIUS+2015Allowance26
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
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DesMoines St.Paul Duluth Int.Falls
BTU/HOUR/FT2
PeakHea4ngLoadExampleasModeledvs.PHIUS+2015Allowance
Modeled PHIUS+2015Allowance27
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
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DesMoines St.Paul Duluth Int.Falls
BTU/HOUR/FT2
PeakCoolingLoadExampleasModeledvs.PHIUS+2015Allowance
Modeled PHIUS+2015Allowance28
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
DesMoines St.Paul Duluth Int.Falls
kWh/year
PrimaryEnergyExampleasModeledvs.PHIUS+2015Allowance
Modeled PHIUS+2015Allowance 29
Electrical Monitoring to ID Problem Loads
• Growingplugandotherelectricalloadsarebigopportunity.
• Smallloadsthatrunalotcanaddup.
• Largerloadsthatrarelyrunmayusesurprisinglylikleenergy.
• Theonlywaytoknowistomeasureit.
• Guessesarecheapandwortheverypenny.30
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Monitoring demand and production to help users track energy balance and control loads
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Site Energy versus Source Energy
• Whatwemeasureatthemeter,orsub-meter,isSiteEnergy.
• SiteEnergyrepresentstheperformanceofthebuildingandloads.
• SourceEnergyistheamountofenergythatgoesintoproducTon,transmissionanddistribuTon.
• Manyprograms,suchasPH,requiresthecalculaTonofSourceEnergy.
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Source-Site Ratios of Various Fuels (EPA 2013)
EnergyType U.S.Ratio* CanadianRatio
Electricity(GridPurchase)* 3.16* 2.05
Electricity(on-SiteSolarorWindInstallation) 1 1
NaturalGas 1.05 1.02
FuelOil(1,2,4,5,6,Diesel,Kerosene) 1.01 1.01
Propane&LiquidPropane 1.01 1.03
Steam 1.2 1.2
HotWater 1.2 1.2
ChilledWater 1 0.71
Wood 1 1
Coal/Coke 1 1
Other 1 1
*(Electricalvaluesvaryregionally,andoverTme,asthegeneraTonfuelmixshics)
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Net Zero in Challenging Climates (Far Northern MN - 4,000 ft2 example)
• PHIUS+2015HeaTngAllowance=9.1kbtu/c2/yr• (92%increaseoverpreviousstandardof4.75)
• 9000x4000=36,000btu(10,550kwh)(site)(4,000c2houseexample)
• 10,550/1,200=8.8kWPVtomeetallowedannualhea4ngload.
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Net Zero in Challenging Climates (cont.) (Far Northern MN – 4,000 ft2 Example)
• OldPrimaryEnergyStandard
• 38kbtu=11kWh/c2/yrX4,000=44,000kWh• 44,000/1,200=36.66kWPV(ignoringSite/Sourcefactor)
• PHIUS+2015SourceEnergyStandard
• 6200X4=24,800kWh/year• 24,800/1,200=21kWPV(ignoringSite/Sourcefactor)
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Thank You!
• QuesTons?
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