New opportunities in

Timber Construction

Markus Tiling, M.B.A.

Sales Director Engineered Wood Products

Mayr-Melnhof Kaufmann

Agenda

• Overview of the most common Building Systems

• Brief History of Timber Construction

• Strengths and Opportunities of Timber Structures

• New Opportunities in Timber Construction

• Mayr-Melnhof Holz – an European timber industry

• Examples of modern Timber Structures

• Conclusion

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Building

Systems

Evolution of

Timber

Construction

Building System No. 1

Log Structures

• Long tradition in many countries

• Common in mountainous regions

• Restricted to individual markets

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Building

Systems

Evolution of

Timber

Construction

Building System No. 2

Timber Frame Structures

• Widely spread all of over Europe

• Option to use shorter length logs

• Option to use hardwood components

• Load-bearing frame visible

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Evolution of

Timber

Construction

Building System No. 2

Timber Frame Structures

• Popularity decreased with urbanisation

• Restricted design possibilities

• New materials more economic

• Still seen in agricultural buildings

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Systems

Evolution of

Timber

Construction

Building System No. 3

Balloon or Platform Frame

Structures

• Fast growing United States, 19th century

• Nails, lumber & railroad

• Quick assembly possible

• Functional as well as individual

• Affordable buildings

SWOTNew

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Systems

Evolution of

Timber

Construction

Building System No. 4

Timber Stud and Panel

Structures• An adaption of balloon & platform frame

• Stability by attaching wooden sheets

• Most popular building system in USA

• Market share in central Europe growing

• Pre-assemble possible, quick assembly

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Building

Systems

Evolution of

Timber

Construction

Building System No. 5

Solid Timber Structures

• Production of large-formated elements

• Double function: load-bearing + enclosing

• Walls, roofs and floors

• Simple and efficient assembly

• Flexible design – no grid pattern

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Building

Systems

Evolution of

Timber

Construction

The most Common Building

Systems

• Log structures

• Timber frame construction

• Balloon and platform frame construction

• Timber stud and panel construction

• Solid timber construction

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Building

Systems

Evolution of

Timber

Construction

The History of

Engineered Timber Structures

• 1st century B.C., Roman Basilika with 18 m span timber truss

• 55 B.C. J. Caesar builds a bridge across the Rhine river: 4 x 400 m

• 12th century stave churces, the onset of timber frame construction

• Middle Ages: homes were constructed as timber frame

• Composite timber structures

• Non-glued layered bridge beams

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Building

Systems

Evolution of

Timber

Construction

Historical Development of

Timber Structures until 1900

• 16th century was the century of timber bridges

• Composite timber structures: individual components were jointed and

fixed with wooden nails permitting spans of up to 50 m

• 1860 King Edward College in Southhampton, first known glulam structure

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Evolution of

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Construction

Engineered Wood Products

20th century developments

• 1908: Otto Hetzer receives patent on glulam beams

• 1940: Use of waterproofed adhesives (resorcinol)

• 1950: Industrial production of I-joists

• 1988: Introduction of Parallam, LVL,

• 1990: Growth of glulam beam market in Europe

• 1998: Cross laminated timber, first technical approval

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Systems

Evolution of

Timber

Construction

Design & Engineering

(Architect & Engineer)

• 19th century: separation of tasks

between architect and engineer

• Engineer is responsible for loading and

structural design

• Architect becomes responsible

for space and aesthetics

considerations

• In consequence: independent

design are not necessarily tied

to the structural considerations

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Building

Systems

Evolution of

Timber

Construction

Timber Design &

Manufacturing

• Digital design tools permit the generation of complex

geometric shapes independent of the material and

statical restrictions

• Mechanization and CNC process allow materials to

be processed with higher degree of accuracy

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Building

Systems

Evolution of

Timber

Construction

Trends of the 21st century

1. Solid timber structures

– Simple compliance of structure and aesthetics

– Load-bearing and enclosing function

– High degree in flexibility – no grid pattern

– Fast and economic assembly

2. Complex structural designs

– Away from simple lines, plane elements

– Arched, 3-dimensional beams

– Individual, creativity, extravagant designs

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Evolution of

Timber

Construction

• Strengths

– Long spans, load-bearing / weight ratio

– MOE, allows bending, free shapes

– Resistance to aggressive chemicals

– Controlled burning

– Easy to work with

– Speed of assembly

– Shape, design flexibility

– Available regional resource

– Climate positive

– Advantage of off-site production

S W O T:

Timber Structures

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Building

Systems

Evolution of

Timber

Construction

• Opportunities

– Large spans are economical

– CO2 sink, carbon foot print reduced

– Sustainability of timber

– Off-site production speeds up

assembly

– Timber is easily worked with

– Fire resistance properties are

advantagous

– Shape, design flexibility

– Comfort, well being of the owners and

users

S W O T:

Timber Structures

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Building

Systems

Evolution of

Timber

Construction

New opportunity 1

Cross-laminated Timber - residential

• Easy of design and assembly

• Meets today’s architectural style

• Load-bearing and enclosing function

• High load bearing performance

• High dimensional stability

• Improved living comfort

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Construction

New Opportunity 2

Cross-laminated Timber

Community Buildings • environmental conscious, CO2 storage

• politically favored & pushed

• easy, efficient design + quick assembly

• dry building material: quick completion - cost savings

• healthy environment, high degree of comfort

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Construction

New opportunity 3

Cross-laminated Timber –

multi storey

• X-lam products are well suited for high loads

• Extreme dimensional stability due to cross-banded lay-up

• Large formats available, up to 16 m in length

• Simple and efficient design

• Ideal for urban structures

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Construction

New opportunity 4

Extremly durable - Accoya®

Timber• Accoya® timber – softwood timber for exterior use

• Processed wood through acetylation

• 50 year + guaranteed durability

• Produced from sustainable softwood timber

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Timber

Construction

Accoya® Timber

Project example:

Bridge in Sneek, NL

• Span: 35 m

• Width: 12 m

• Height: 15 m

• Volume: 450 m3

• Build by: Schaffitzel

Holzindustrie,

Germany

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Systems

Evolution of

Timber

Construction

New opportunity 5

High Rack Distribution Centers

• Heavy loads

• Fire resistance

• Speed of Assembly

• Dimensional stability

SWOTNew

Opportunities

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Building

Systems

Evolution of

Timber

Construction

High Rack Distribution Center:

HRL Schwarzach, Austria

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Systems

Evolution of

Timber

Construction

New opportunity 6

Limiting transport

Hess Limitless• Overlength beams of any shape

• Jointed under ideal climatic conditions

• Flexibility in design

• Strength assurance – quality control

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Systems

Evolution of

Timber

Construction

New opportunity 7

Freedom of Design & CNC

Manufacturing

• Inspiration + ideas + design = timber structures

• CNC production technology

• Network of experts on a global scale

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Opportunities

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Systems

Evolution of

Timber

Construction

Korean Golfclub in Yeoju, Korea

SWOTNew

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Building

Systems

Evolution of

Timber

Construction

Korean Golfclub in Yeoju, Korea

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Systems

Evolution of

Timber

Construction

Centre Pompidou,

Metz, France

• Design by Hermann Blumer,

Création Holz, Switzerland

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Systems

Evolution of

Timber

Construction

Centre Pompidou,

Metz, France

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Evolution of

Timber

Construction

New Opportunity 8

Reducing our carbon foot print:

Eco Retail stores

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Systems

Evolution of

Timber

Construction

New Opportunity 9

The HyperCubus

A Modular Timber Structures

• The concept of mobility

• Minimal space,

minimal material

maximum living quality

• Tourism concept, mobility

• Environmentaly friendly

• Energy efficient

• Sustainable materials

• 100 % self-containt

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Systems

Evolution of

Timber

Construction

Hypercubus, Graz (Austria)

• 173 mm M1 BSP crossplan

• 34 ton of CO2 storage

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Systems

Evolution of

Timber

Construction

New Opportunity 10

Engineered Timber in Towers

• Timber towers for repeaters, watch towers and wind generators

• Made from engineered timber such as glulam and X-lam

SWOTNew

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Systems

Evolution of

Timber

Construction

Mayr-Melnhof Holz

• A leading timber industry in Europe

• Forest – sawn products - engineered timber products

• Offering the full range of engineered products including timber systems

• Mayr-Melnhof Kaufmann: division for processed and value added components

ADDING VALUE IN TIMBER

FOREST TIMBER SYSTEMS

SWOTNew

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Systems

Evolution of

Timber

Construction

Mayr-Melnhof Holz

headquarters, Leoben, Austria

• Office space for 107 people

• 800 m3 M1 BSP crossplan, 750 m3 gluelam

• Assembled in 4 months

SWOTNew

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Systems

Evolution of

Timber

Construction

Josefinum – Leoben (Austria)

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Systems

Evolution of

Timber

Construction

• Structural inside walls, ceiling roof made from M1 BSP crossplan

• Design: Nüssmüller Architekten, Engineering: Josef Koppelhuber

• Day care center with capacitiy for 200 children

Japanese Pavillion – Hannover

(Germany)

SWOTNew

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Systems

Evolution of

Timber

Construction

Exhibition halls,

Friedrichshafen (Germany)

SWOTNew

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Systems

Evolution of

Timber

Construction

Archaeological site

Çatalhöyük, Anatolia (Turkey)

SWOTNew

Opportunities

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Systems

Evolution of

Timber

Construction

Diwan VIP Car Park – Al Ain

(UAE)

SWOTNew

Opportunities

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Building

Systems

Evolution of

Timber

Construction

Dubai Sports City – Dubai

(UAE)

SWOTNew

Opportunities

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Systems

Evolution of

Timber

Construction

Velodrome, Appeldorn, NL

SWOTNew

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Systems

Evolution of

Timber

Construction

Retail market in Waterford

(Ireland)

SWOTNew

Opportunities

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Systems

Evolution of

Timber

Construction

Projekt Berta – Bad Aussee

(Austria)

SWOTNew

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Systems

Evolution of

Timber

Construction

Agrarbildungszentrum

Salzkammergut

Altmünster (Austria)

SWOTNew

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Systems

Evolution of

Timber

Construction

Cycling and pedestrian bridge

• 50 m length, 2,60 m width

SWOTNew

Opportunities

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Systems

Evolution of

Timber

Construction

Swimming pool, Hagenberg

(Austria)

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Systems

Evolution of

Timber

Construction

Conclusion

• The proliferation of engineered timber products is

positive

• It is positive for the people and for the environment

• Timber is the only resource which is re-grown and re-

used

• The use of timber creates sustainable jobs, health and

wealth

• Working with timber and living in timber structures

provides satisfaction and well-being

• There are a multiple of opportunities in developing

timber structures

• The chances to participate in this growth have never

been better

SWOTNew

Opportunities

Mayr-Melnhof

KaufmannCase Studies ConclusionAgenda

Building

Systems

Evolution of

Timber

Construction

Thank you for your

attention!

Markus Tiling, M.B.A.

www.mm-kaufmann.com