Hello! 2nd year Sec. – Unit 8

UNIT 8Key Vocab:

act /يمثليتصرف/عمل

army جيش

canoeing التجديفبالقوارب

collection مجموعة

admire بـ يعجب ball رقص حفلةdebts ديون identical متطابقmanual يدوي necklace / قالدة عقدsavings مدخرات valuable قيمcontinuously باستمرار except (for) عدا ما

Vocabulary:

specific محدد go fishing للصيد يذهبhave a rest من قسطا يأخذ

الراحةcopy (n) نسخة

social status = social position

اجتماعية مكانة go canoeing يذهب للتجديفبالقوارب

make money ماال يجني certainly بالتأكيدjoin the army بالجيش يلتحق receive an

invitationدعوة يتلقي

diamond ماس ashamed خجالنa replacement بديل repay عليه ما يسددadmiration إعجاب armed

robberyباإلكراه سرقة

armed forces القواتالمسلحة

identify علي يتعرف

value (v/n) / يقيم قيمة franc فرنكheavy debts ثقيلة ديون exhausted / مرهق منهكfeel proud بالفخر يشعر arms أسلحةcharacter شخصية the Roman

numbers األرقام

الرومانية1

Hello! 2nd year Sec. – Unit 8face (v/n) / يواجه وجه traditional تقليديseveral times عديدة مرات shape (n) شكلpartner شريك force (v/n) / يجبر قوةlake بحيرة lack / ينقصه نقصhave a holiday بإجازة يقوم flood (v/n) / فيضان

يفيضearthquake زلزال volcano بركانhurricane إعصار grandparents أجدادa fireman إطفاء رجل repair =

mendيصلح

garage جاراج guest ضيفhost مضيف hostess مضيفةgo abroad للخارج يسافر a formal

occasion مناسبةرسمية

twins مأتو final نهائيdeceive يخدع deceitful خادعconscience ضمير duties واجباتrights حقوق self-

confidenceبالنفس الثقة

separate / منفصليفصل

college = faculty

كلية

definition تعريف free time = spare time

الفراغ وقت

once a week في مرةاألسبوع

twice a year في مرتانالعام

occasionally = sometimes

أحيانا impressive مؤثر

physical work بدني عمل mental work ذهني عملa government clerk

حكومي موظف a decade 10( عقدسنوات)

poetry الشعر feel disappointed

بخيبة يشعراألمل

assume يفترض appearance مظهرdocuments مستندات rectangular شكل علي

مستطيلdownload from بتحميل يقوم

من شيء2

Hello! 2nd year Sec. – Unit 8the internet االنترنت

Words and their antonyms:

narrow ضيق wide واسعsufficient كاف insuffici

entكاف غير

interesting

لالهتمام مثير boring ممل

traditional تقليدي modern حديثcontinue يستمر stop يتوقفopen مفتوح closed مغلقwet مبلل dry جافold قديم new جديدold السن كبير young صغيرfree مشغول غير busy مشغولinitial أولي final نهائيlittle يعد) (ال قليل much كثيرfew (يعد) قليل many كثيرthe best األفضل the

worstاألسوأ

put on يرتدي take off (مالبس) يخلعmanual يدوي automat

icآلي

clockwise عقارب اتجاه فيالساعة

anticlockwise

عقارب اتجاه عكسالساعة

Prepositions:

at the age of سن في fight for من يحاربأجل

in the past الماضي في in the future المستقبل فيat present الحاضر في at all times كل في

األوقاتhappy with/about

بشأن سعيد the way to success

إلي الطريقالنجاح

attached to = بـ موصل consist of من يتكون3

Hello! 2nd year Sec. – Unit 8joined toplay with a toy

بلعبة يلعب describe something to someone

شيء يصفلشخص

perform in a play

في بالتمثيل يقوممسرحية

mix with people

بالناس يختلط

a set of things

من مجموعةاألشياء

an invitation to

إلي دعوة

close to من قريب borrow .. from

.. من يقترض

lend .. to .. لـ يسلف أو يعير share … with في يشتركمع شيء

owe money to

بمال مدين يكونلـ

go on holiday في يذهبأجازة

Irregular Verbs:

outdo/outdid/outdone

يفوق overcome/overcame/ overcome

علي يتغلب

outgrow/outgrew/outgrown

يفوقهالنمو في

oversee/oversaw/ overseen

يراقب/علي يشرف

outrun/outran/ outrun

يسبق oversleep/overslept/ overslept

في يفرطالنوم

write/wrote/written

يكتب overtake/overtook/ overtaken

يتجاوز) بالسيارة)

withstand/withstood

يتحمل overthrow/overthrew/ overthrown

يهزم/ يقلب

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Hello! 2nd year Sec. – Unit 8Derivatives:

Verb Noun Adjective Adverbcollect يجمع

collection مجموعة

collective جماعي

collectively جماعية بطريقة

admire بـ يعجب

admiration إعجاب

admirable مثيرلإلعجاب

admirably بشكلاإلعجاب يثير

manual يدوي manually يدويا

act يمثل acting التمثيلactor ممثل

Important Vocabulary for translation and composition:

culture الثقافة treatment عالج معاملة / customs عاداتbudget ميزانية traditions تقاليد benefits فوائــد a source of relief ارتياح مصدر Investments استثمارات profits أرباح losses خسائـر alternative sources مصادر بديلة

scientific progress علمي تقدم

social problems مشكالت اجتماعية

hard currency صعبة عملة

Language Noteswear . ) مفعول ( + .. مرتديا / يكون يلبس

تستخدم wearالشخص مظهر أو عادة لوصف : He was wearing his best suit at the party. Policemen usually wear a uniform. We wear light clothes in summer.

put on . ) مفعول ( + .. بارتداء يقوم Put on your coat – it’s cold. She put on her uniform and went to school.

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Hello! 2nd year Sec. – Unit 8 Hurry up. Put on your shoes. We are late for school.

dress يلبس (I) = get dressed ( مفعول بدون ) She always dresses fashionably.

بعد مفعول وجود حالة في انه الحظ dress يختلف :المعني

Can you dress the kids for me? علي شخص يساعد مالبسه ارتداء

be dressed in مفعول) (بعدها مرتديا يكون . = be wearing He was dressed in a black suit. = He was

wearing a black suit.Suggest: + v-ing يقترح

He suggested sending Frank some flowers.Suggest (that) +Sub+ inf.

He suggested that I prune the trees.يشذب He suggested that she come early.

استخدام يمكن أنه الحظ should السابقة الجمـل في : He suggested that she should come early.

Ashamed of مثال) الشخص ارتكبه (خطأ من بالخجل يشعر Shy بطبيعته خجول

You made a big mistake. You should be ashamed of yourself. My son was too shy to speak to the guests.

except (for) باستثناء عدا فيما / Everyone went to the show except for Scott . (Scott was..) Scott was the only one who didn’t go to the show.

استخدام علي مالحظات except / except for : الربط: وأدوات الجر حروف قبل فقط except نستخدم- 1

It's the same everywhere except in Scotland. He's good-looking except when he smiles.

except / except بعد المفعول ضمير أو االسم يستخدم-2for :

Everybody understands except me. We are all ready except for her.6

Hello! 2nd year Sec. – Unit 8جملة: بعدها يأتي except that أن الحظ-3

I know nothing about him except that he lives in Cairo.

Accept + n يقبل accept an invitation / an apology / a present

Expect to + inf. يتوقع Expect … will

He accepted my invitation to the party . She expects to find a good job soon. I expect that she will pass the test.

تستخدم fy / ify الكلمات: بعض من الفعل لتكوين

solid صلب

solidify يحول صلبة لمادة

pure نقي

purify ينقي

beauty الجمال

beautify يجمل terror رعب terrify يرعب

gas غاز gasify لغاز يحول liquid سائل

liquefy يحول لسائل

Way of + V-ing لـ طريقة way to + inf. لـ طريقة There are many ways of solving the problem. That's not the way to do the job.

Stop to + inf شيء يفعل لكي يتوقفStop + ر -ing . شيء عمل عن يتوقف

On his way to work, he stopped to buy a newspaper. The doctor advised me to stop eating fatty food.

شخص: أو شيء وصف عن للسؤال التالية الصيغة تستخدم What + be + فاعل + like …? = describe

What was life like in the past? What is Ali like? What is the weather like today?

Exercises on Vocabulary and Language Notes:Choose the correct answer:1- This gold watch is so (valuable – cheap – inexpensive –

worthless) and looks beautiful. It cost me a fortune.

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Hello! 2nd year Sec. – Unit 82- (Manual – Easy – Casual – Gradual) work can be very

tiring and it is not very well-paid.3- I really (hate – astonish – dislike – admire) my

grandfather. He has spent his whole life working to look after his family.

4- She is going to spend some of her (accounts – taxes - savings – cheques) on a new car.

5- (Savings- Coins – Currencies – Banknotes) are all the money you have not spent.

6- A/An ( bracelet – earring – watch - necklace) is a piece of jewellery worn around the neck.

7- (Usual – Habitual – Factual - Manual) work is done by people using their hands.

8- To (recount – act – detect – apply)) means to be a character in a film or play.

9- A (ball – call – fall – install) is a large formal occasion when people dance.

10- (Optical – Classical – Identical – Critical) means exactly the same.

11- He gave her some of his (savings – samples – saves – seeds) to buy a new dress.

12- This morning I received an invitation (to – for – in – with) a meeting at my college.

13- I'm going to borrow a dictionary (to - from –by – with) one of my friends.

14- Before he retired, my uncle worked (like – alike - as – is) a hospital doctor.

15- She was (wearing – dressing – acting – putting) a nice dress at the party.

16- He suggested that I (applying – to apply – applies – apply) for the job.

17- She stopped (to greet – greeting – greets – greetings) an old friend on her way to work.

18- I've cleaned the house (expect – respect for - except for – accept) the bathroom.

19- What was the party (like – alike – dislike – liken)? –It was wonderful.

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Hello! 2nd year Sec. – Unit 820- Her grandparents had to work hard (in – by – for – with)

years before they could afford their own car.Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences

then write them correctly:1-Ali and Peter look very similar accept that Ali is a little taller2-That's not the way to doing it - let me show you.3-He suggested to visit the museum.4- I really admit people who can work in such difficult conditions.5-They are selecting money for the new hospital.

.

Used to + inf. : الماضي عن للتعبير الصيغة هذه تستخدم

I used to rent a flat, but now I own one.He used to send letters to his friends, but now he sends e-mails. I used to play the guitar when I was young. He used to be a driver, but now he isn’t.

النفي حالة وفي : Didn't use to + inf.

He didn’t use to smoke, but now he does.السؤال حالة وفي :

Did + فاعل + use to + inf. ..?

Did she use to cry a lot when she was a baby?المضارع عن للتعبير الصيغة هذه تستخدم :

am / is / are used to + -ing He is used to having a cup of coffee every morning. = He usually has a cup of coffee every morning.

السؤال: حالة وفي AmIs + فاعل + used to + V-ing. ..?9

Hello! 2nd year Sec. – Unit 8Are Is she used to living on her own? Are they used to taking exercise?

تستخدم no longer من بدال used to بعدها ويأتي : البسيط الضارع في الفعل

تستخدم any more / any longer من بدال used to نهاية في تأتى و البسيط المضارع في الفعل نفى مع

: الجملة He used to live here. (no longer) = He no longer lives here. He used to live here. (any more) = He doesn’t live here any more. He usually goes to the club on foot. (used to) = He is used to going to the club on foot.. He didn’t like Chinese food when he was young, but he is used to it now.

ضمير أو اسم استخدام يمكن أنه السابقة الجملة في الحظ be used to : بعد

أن الحظ be used to ويليها " لكي " يستخدم بمعني تأتى inf . :

Water is used to generate electricity. Wood is used to make paper.

أن الحظ :am / is / are used to + -ing = am / is / are in the habit of + ing

He is in the habit of borrowing money from others. (used to) He is used to borrowing money from others.

used to + inf. = was / were in the habit of + ing

She used to sleep in class.. (in the habit of) She was in the habit of sleeping in class.10

Hello! 2nd year Sec. – Unit 8Choose the correct answer:1. In those days, he (used to – uses to – is used to –

doesn't use) enjoy fishing.2. He (is used to - used to – is used for – is used for) go

canoeing on the river on Sundays.3. He (used to – no longer – doesn't use - is used to)

spending all his free time writing.4. Did he (used to – use to – is used to – was used to) do

anything else as well as writing?5. He (uses to – used to – no longer used – is used to)

staying at home.6. When he was five years old, my brother (use – uses –

used – used to) watch all the children's TV programmes.7. He (used to live – is used to living – used to living – uses to

live) in Cairo. Now he lives in Alexandria.8. My sister (is used to – was used for – used to – no longer

uses) help me with my science homework when I was little.9. She (used to work – is used to working – doesn't work –

didn't work) here any more.10. She (doesn't use – no longer – any longer – any more)

takes drugs.11. My sister likes going to bed early now. When she was

little, she (is used – used to – no longer – was using) go to bed late.

12. He used to be a famous singer, but now he (isn't – doesn't – couldn't – shouldn't).

13. He is used to playing tennis every weekend, but years ago he (isn't – doesn't – didn't – shouldn't).

14. She no longer (wear – wears – wearing – wore) glasses, but she used to (do – doing – did – does) that when she was young.

15. She (didn't use to – has used to - isn’t used to – used to) living in a tropical climate.

Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:

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Hello! 2nd year Sec. – Unit 81. John is used to driving a ten-year-old small car, but now

he drives a big new one.2. When I was young, I am used to have a phobia of spiders,

but now I don't.3. I don't use to play computer games, but now I play them

occasionally.4. When I was in Alexandria, I am used to going swimming

every day.5. Where did you used to go for holiday when you were a

child?6. He isn't used to having any guests, but now he has parties

every weekend.7. They don't use to go camping for a holiday, but now they

stay in the best hotels.8. People used to work very long hours, but now they work

so many hours.9. The cities are used to being smaller, but now they are

much bigger.10.People are used to travelling by horse and cart, but now

they travel by cars.

so + adj./adv. + that + sentence

وجود حالة في very تحذف : The shirt was very nice. I couldn't resist buying it. (so …

that) The shirt was so nice that I couldn't resist buying it. She ran very quickly. She could catch the train. (so …

that) She ran so quickly that she could catch the train.

Such (a/an) + adj. + n. + that + sentence

تستخدم a/an يعد: مفرد اسم وجود حالة في He was a stupid boy. He failed all the tests. He was such a stupid boy that he failed all the tests.

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Hello! 2nd year Sec. – Unit 8 The furniture he bought was so wonderful that everyone admired it. (It was…) It was such wonderful furniture that everyone admired it.

استخدام عدم الحظ a بعد such كلمة ألن furniture تعد: الاسم وجود عدم حالة في noun مناسب اسم نستخدم :

He was so reckless طائش/متهور that he had a terrible accident. (such…that)

He was such a reckless driver that he had a terrible accident.

اسم اســتخدام يمكن أنه الحظ noun مع فقط such في الحاالت بعض

such (a/an) + noun + that.. He was a coward. He ran away from the battlefield.(such)

He was such a coward that he ran away from the battlefield.He was a gentleman. He helped the old lady.(such)

He was such a gentleman that he helped the old lady.

Adj./Adv. + enough + (for +n. / pron. اسم/ ضمير ) + to-inf.

He was rich. He could buy an expensive car.(enough)

He was rich enough to buy an expensive car. تستخدم for + noun/pron . الفاعل اختالف حالة في

الجملتين في The test was easy. He passed it. (enough) The test was easy enough for him to pass. The shelf was low. She could reach it. The shelf was low enough for her to reach.

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Hello! 2nd year Sec. – Unit 8 أن الحظ too النفي تفيد :Too + adj./adv. + (for

+ n./ pron.) to-inf

He was very ill. He could not go to school. (too) He was too ill to go to school.

تستخدم for + noun/pron . الفاعل اختالف حالة في : الجملتين في

The test was difficult. He couldn’t pass it. (too) The test was too difficult for him to pass.

نستخدم لكي enough من بدال too و الفعل ننفي بدال too استخــدام عند (والعكس الصفة عكس نستخدم

: ) enough من He didn’t walk quickly enough to catch the bus. (too) He walked too slowly to catch the bus. He was too ill to go to school. (enough) He was not well enough to go to school.

عكسها و التالية الصفات الحظ :

lowhighlateearlynoisyquietthinfatbluntsharpcarelesscarefulstupid intelligent /

/clever smartslowfast /

quickshortlonglazyactiveshallowdeepshorttallwidenarrowsmallbigstrongweakcoldhotpoorrichboringinterestin

gexpensive

cheapwellill

newoldoldyoungeasyhard / difficultfoolishwise

lightheavy

Choose the correct answer:

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Hello! 2nd year Sec. – Unit 81- It was (so – such – too – enough) cold yesterday that

we decided to stay at home.2- She was (so – such – too – enough) weak to do any

work.3- The suit was cheap (so – such – too – enough) for him

to buy.4- The test was too difficult for him (so – that – to – too)

pass.5- It was (so – too – such - such a) rainy day that we

stayed indoors.6- He had (so – such – such a – too) much money that he

could buy an expensive car.7- It is (so – too – enough – such) dangerous to sunbathe

nowadays that people tend to stay in the shade.8- It was (so – too – enough - such a) difficult exercise

that hardly anyone completed it.9- The article wasn't (easy enough – too easy – too difficult –

difficult enough) for him to understand.10- The bed was (such – too – enough – so) uncomfortable

for him to sleep in.Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences

then write them correctly: 1- It is too a polluted area that no one can live there.2- The area is so polluted for anyone to live there.3- She is such young to drive a car.4- There was so much noise in the street for me to

concentrate.5- There was enough a lot of noise in the street that I couldn’t

concentrate.6- The clothes were too expensive for her that she could buy.7- This project is such complicated that we can’t take it on.8- She spoke such softly that no one could hear her9- There is enough much work for one person to handle.10- The food was such delicious that we ate it all.

Test on Unit 815

Hello! 2nd year Sec. – Unit 8

A- Language Functions1- Respond to the following situations: 1- You are interviewing an older person about their

education. You want to know whether or not he or she was a good school student. What do you ask?

2- You want to know when this person began their first job. What do you ask?

3- You are interviewing one of your grandparents for a school project. You want to know what his or her life was like when he or she was young. What do you ask?

4- You want to know if this grandparent did anything when he or she was not working.

2- Say where these mini-dialogues are taking place and who the speakers are:

1- A: Can you show me where I can try this dress on? B: The fitting rooms are on the left over there.

2- A: How long have you been feeling unwell? B: Since Sunday. A: Well, you need to take one of these tablets Three times a day and rest for three days.

B- Vocabulary and Structure 3- Choose the correct answer:1- I don’t watch TV everyday any more, but I (am used to –

used to – was used to – don't use to) do that years ago.2- (Does – Did – Is – Was) he used to waking up so early?3- (Is – Are – Do – Did) they use to eat junk food when they

were at university?4- My brother (is used to – no longer - used to – used) have a beard

but now he only has a moustache.5- When we were children, our father (was used – doesn't use

– is used – used) to take us sailing on Sundays.6- He (is used to – was used – is used for – no longer) eating out as

he doesn't enjoy cooking at home.16

Place :-----------Speaker A :-------------Speaker B :-------------

Place :-----------Speaker A :-------------Speaker B :-------------

Hello! 2nd year Sec. – Unit 87- She (used to – no longer – any longer – is used to) writes to

us.8- She used to have long hair but now she (isn't - doesn’t –

wasn't – couldn't).9- Many people have holidays (canoeing – camping –

wrestling – boxing) on rivers or lakes.10- This shop is open every day (expect for – accept for -

except for – concept for) Fridays.11- The city is flooded because it has rained (continuously –

conveniently – comfortably – courageously) for the last three days.

12- In some countries, young men have to join the (academy – economy – stormy – army) and train for a year.

13- There is a wonderful (collection – reflection – election – conviction) of old books in our town library.

14- Before you can be in a film or play, you have to learn to (react – abstract - act – attract).

15- My cousins look exactly the same. They are (identical – arithmetical – archaeological – chemical) twins.

16- I bought my sister a gold (reckless - necklace – jobless – senseless) as a wedding present.

4- Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:1- He’s not used to drink so much coffee.2- He doesn't smoke no longer.3- The job was difficult enough for him to do.4- The tests are vertical to those carried out last year. They

are exactly the same. 5- Computer-controlled robots are taking over annual jobs in

many industries.6- He was able to provide the police with some valueless

information. This helped them to solve the crime.C- Reading Comprehension

5- Read the passage then answer the questions:Nearly everything we do in the modern world is controlled

by computers. Computers are far more efficient than human 17

Hello! 2nd year Sec. – Unit 8beings and they have very good memories and can store huge amounts of information. In addition to that, computers can do calculations in a fraction of time and can do many of the things we do, but faster and more accurately. That is why computers are widely used nowadays.

Computers are used in many fields such as the field of health, arts and science. In the field of health, we use computers a lot in medicine nowadays. With the help of computers, doctors can keep patients’ records on a computer and any information about the patient can be obtained quickly and easily, besides working out what is wrong with a patient or the best treatment to give him or her.

In the field of science, computers are generally associated with the world of science, maths, history and literature. You tell the computer which subject you are interested in and it supplies you with information in seconds.A) Answer the following questions:1- Why is the modern world controlled by computers?2- How is computer helpful in the field of medicine?3- Find words in the passage which mean: a) provide

b) cureB. Choose the correct answer: 4- Computers can store ------------- amounts of information. a) few b) massive c) little d) a few5- ------------- everything we do in the world is controlled by

computers. a) Rarely b) Early c) Almost d) Never6- Read the passage then answer the questions:Egypt has made rapid progress in education because the future prosperity of any country lies in the hands of its children. It is therefore necessary to give the children all the knowledge and ability they will need in order to serve their country well when they have grown up. That's why Egypt has opened schools and

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Hello! 2nd year Sec. – Unit 8institutes for the blind, dumb and physically handicapped children.

One thing that always strikes a visitor to the schools is the modern style of architecture and the up-to-date equipment. The science laboratories and gymnasiums are excellently equipped and assemble halls with a proper stage encourage cultural activities.

The development of education for girls has probably made more rapid progress in Egypt . More educated women will want to work as secretaries, teachers, journalists or in offices and shops.

The ministry of education has not forgotten the thousands of people who are too old to take advantage of this fine new system of schools. Many of these schools are used in the evening by adults.A. Answer the following questions:

1- What depends on the children of the country?2- What is the school visitor always impressed by?3- What will educated girls want to work?

B. Choose the correct answer: 4- There are special schools for the ----------------a) Deaf b) dumb c) blind d)all

mentioned5- Many schools are used in the evening for the ---------------- education.a) adults’ b) children’s c) girls’ d) teenagers’

D- Writing8- Write a paragraph of about 100 words about: "How has the internet affected our lives?"Communications / getting more information / many fields of

study / many services / entertainment

9- A)Translate into Arabic:

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Hello! 2nd year Sec. – Unit 8It is now clear that pollution has become a serious

problem. It has harmful effects on human beings as well as other living creatures. Conferences are held every now and then to think of ways to get rid of pollution.

B) Translate into English: حل في مصر يساعد سوف الجديدة الدلتا مشروع إن- 1

االقتصادية مشاكلها. للشباب العمل فرص من اآلالف توفير إلي الدولة - تسعي2

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