NEW FOLDERGjpa /Nghy;lh;

COMPUTERAN INTERVIEW:

A Computer is an Electronic Machine, which is capable of receiving data as INPUT and PROCESS the given data by programs and gives the OUTPUT result as useful information.

It helps us to do our work with easy & makes our life easy. Computer is used to play games, write letters, do calculations, draw, etc.,

PARTS OF THE COMPUTER

• CPU - CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT• VDU (MONITOR)- VISUAL DISPLAY UNIT• KEYBOARD• MOUSE• UPS- UNINTERRUPTED POWER SUPPLY• PRINTER• SPEAKER• JOYSTICK

1. INPUT UNIT2. PROCESSING UNIT (CPU)3. OUTPUT UNIT

The computer parts can be grouped as three units:-

COMPUTER

INPUT UNIT

To get data and instruction from the user and transmit

them into computer memory.Ex- Keyboard, Mouse.

PROCESSING UNIT (CPU)

It is the heart of the computer. It consists of1. Memory Unit2. ALU (Arithmetic & Logic Unit)3. Control Unit.

OUTPUT UNIT

To get the output result from the memory and give it to the user in human readable form.Ex-Monitor, Printer, Speaker.

Arithmetic and Logic Unit

Control Unit

Auxiliary memory

Main Memory

Input Unit Output Unit

CPU

1. MEMORY UNITThis unit stores data and instructions.

2. ALU (Arithmetic and Logic Unit)It does all arithmetic (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division) and Logical operation (comparison of data).

3. CONTROL UNITIt is the supervisor of all the other unit. Main function are

Give command to transfer data from the input device to the memory and from memory to ALU.

Transfer the results from memory to the output device.

Stores the program in memory. Take instruction one by one from memory, understand and give command to other units.

MEMORY

• Primary / Main MemoryThe memory unit of a computer is called

Primary / Main Memory. Data, instructions and programs are stored in this memory in binary form. Information stored in this memory can be erased and rewritten. Information stored in main memory are directly processed by the computer at a very great speed. It is volatile memory. The memory capacity is limited.

• Secondary MemoryThe primary memory of a computer is limited and

also volatile. So, we need secondary memories like floppy disk or hard disk. We can store large amount of information in secondary memory. Information stored in this memory are permanent. They can be got back any time.

Units of Measurements of Memory

BitBit means Binary digIT. It is either the digit

0 (OFF state) or the digit 1 (ON state). Data and instruction are stored in memory as a combination of 0’s and 1’s.

0,1 - Each one bit8 bits - 1 Byte1024 Bytes - 1 Kilo Byte (KB)1024 KB - 1 Mega Byte (MB)1024 MB - 1 Giga Byte (GB)

Various Semi-Conductor Memories

• RAMRAM means Random Access Memory. It

is also known as read and write memory. Information stored in this memory can be erased and rewritten. It is a volatile memory. This memory lost when power goes off.

• ROMROM means Read Only Memory. It is

non-volatile memory. Information stored in this memory are not lost when the power goes off. Writing into ROM is done only once.

OPERATING SYSTEM (OS)

DEFINITION

Operating system is a collection of programs which controls

the activities of the computer. It is stored in the Hard Disk /

Floppy Disk. It is loaded into the memory when the power is switch

ON. Without operating system, no can do any work on the computer.

Examples- DOS, WINDOWS, LINUX, UNIX.

windows,

WINDOWS

Windows is an operating system. It is useful for maintaining and managing user files. Today most of the softwares are developed for windows operating system.

The various versions of windows are

Windows 3.1

Windows 95

Windows 98

Windows ME (Millennium Edition)

Windows XP (Experience)

Windows Vista

DESKTOP

TASKBAR

ICONS

START MENU

APPLICATION WINDOW

TITLE BAR

MENU BAR

TOOL BAR

SCROLL BAR

STATUS BAR

MAXIMIZE

CLOSEMINIMIZE

• TITLE BAR

It contains the title of the application document.

• TOOL BAR

It contains the tools.

• MENU BAR

It contains menus. Each menu contains a list of commands.

• SCROLL BAR

It has arrow buttons to move through a document left or right, up or down.

• STATUS BAR

It has the current page details.

WINDOWS SHORTCUT KEYS

1. WINDOW + E - Open My Computer

2. F1 - Help topic

3. ALT + F4 - Close the window

4. ALT + Space bar + X - Maximize the window

5. ALT + Space bar + N - Minimize the window

6. ALT + Space bar + R - Restore the window

7. ALT + Space bar + S - Arrange the window size

8. ALT + Space bar + M - Move the window

9. ALT + Space bar + C - Close the window

10.WINDOW + D - To see the desktop

11.WINDOW + F - Search

12.ALT + TAB - Cycling action on the taskbar

13.WINDOW + Break- To see system properties

14.Shift + F10 - Right Click option

15.F5 - Refresh

Create New Folder

RIGHT CLICK in any empty place

Then click, NEW

Then click, FOLDER

Rename the Folder

Right click on the folder

Then click, Rename

Right click on the folder

Then click, Delete

Delete the Folder

TO CREATE NEW FOLDERGjpa /Nghy;liu cUthf;f

right click in any empty placentw;wplj;jpy; itj;J iul; fpspf; nra;aTk;