New Energy Horizons Opportunities and Challenges Low Voltage Grid Connections for Electric Vehicle...

New Energy Horizons Opportunities and Challenges

Low Voltage Grid Connections for Electric Vehicle (EV) Infrastructure in Europe

Presented by Philip LeGoy and Ger Buckley

24 July 2012


Three Typical Types of Infrastructure

Home Charge PointInstalling 7pin, 1, 16A

Street/Public ChargeInstalling 7pin, 3 , 32A Fast Charge, Installing DC CHAdeMO

and Swap Stations


Plugs, Sockets & Operational Modes


Fast Charge Infrastructure in use

Battery Swap Station

DC CHAdeMO

DC CHAdeMOAnd

63A AC Combo

Induction Charging


Typical Costs of Infrastructure

Home Charge Point PricesPoint €200 to €1,700

Extras €15 to €2,000

Electrical Work €50 to €7,000

Grid Work €0 to €2,000

Multi Tariff €0 to €300

Commissioning €0 to €650

Totals Low & High €265 to €13,650

Street/Public Charge Post Prices

Post €2,700 to €6,700

Extras €400 to €600

Civil Work €1,000 to €11,500

Grid Work €500 to €4,000

Post Connections €100 to €800

Commissioning €250 to €650

Branding & Painting €600 to €800

Totals Low & High €5,550 to €25,050DC Fast Charge Post Prices

Post €10,000 to €50,000

Extras €400 to €3,600

Civil Work €700 to €16,000

Grid Work €3,500 to €7,000

Commissioning €500 to €3,000

Branding & Painting €600 to €800

Totals Low & High €15,750 to €66,000

Battery Swap Station PricesTotal Cost Low to

High€1,000,000 to

€1,300,000


LV Grid Connection Arrangements

Charge Post Located Curb

side

RSTN

Interface Pillar

Above Ground

Underground

Charge Post Located

Curb side

RST

N

Interface Pillar

Underground

Charge Post

RSTN

Grid Interface

Underground

Overground Interface Pillar

Direct Grid Connection

Underground Interface Pillar


Variations in European Grounding

100A 3Ø

3ØCut out

3Ø Isolator

3 x 2516

MCB

RCD

5 x 10 Sq

EarthBlock

Interface Pillar

Typical Arrangement

100A Fusing

80A MCB

30mA RCD Type A



TN-C-S system

PowerSystemEarth

PowerSystem

Transformer

PEN

MPE

L1L2L3

N

Exposed conductive parts of equipment

Installation Earth

Power System

Transformer

PEN

PE

L1 L2 L3 N


M

Power System Earth

Transformer or Generator

PEN

L1 L2 L3 N


M

PowerSystemEarth

PowerProvider

Transformer

Power Provider Network

CustomerEarth

M

PE

L1L2L3N


TN-S system

TN-C system TT system



TN-C-S system

Vs

Re

RL

L

Line

RB

RA

N

Load Current

GroundConnection

VP

GridSide

CustomerSide

LVMV



TN-C-S system

Vs

Open Circuit

Re

RL

L

Line

RB

RA

N

Load Current

GroundConnection

TouchVoltage

VP

GridSide

CustomerSide

LVMV


Risk Assessment Matrix

Exposed live parts at charging post due to third party damage

Hazard Risks Risk assessment beforecontrols

Control Measures Risk assessment withcontrols

Exposed liveparts at chargingpost

Electric shock

OK Severity Bad

oInstall service pillar with RCD, MCB and 100A fuses to protect the charging postoInstall barrier in front of charging post if at risk of vehicle impactoUse 5-core SWA cable to connect between service pillar and charging postoLocate service pillar to minimise risk of vehicle impact damage

OK Severity Bad

5

4

3

2 15

1

0 1 2 3 4 5

5

4

3

2

1

0 1 2 3 4 5

Likelihood

Likelihood


EN 50550 – Power frequency Overvoltage Protectors (POP)

EN 50550 Published March 2011. The standard includes the following table:Objective: To mitigate the effects of power frequency overvoltages between phase and neutral conductor caused by breakage of neutral.

255V275V

300V

350V 400V

Maximum breaking time No tripping

15s 5s 0.75s 0.20s

Minimum non-actuating time 3s 1s 0.25s 0.07s

Standard values of break time and non-actuating time at a voltage (Ua) equal to

POP Protector equipped with MCB, to complement Transient overvoltage

protection solutions (SPD).Integrated Device Advantages:

1. Progressive Voltage/Time tripping curve. The tripping time depends on the magnitude of the overvoltage, ensuring quick tripping in the case of severe disturbances while avoiding unwanted activation in the event of small voltage increases.

2. Prohibition on using ground leakage or current differential as operating principles.


Goals and Achievements

Goals Safe EV Charging

Infrastructure in EU Cost effective EV Charging Better Distribution of Grid

Demand EV Smart Grid

Applications/Evolution Sustainable Transportation Sustainable Generation Sustainable Economy Standardization

Achievements Setting the Standards for

Safe EV Charging Infrastructure in EU

Beginnings of Cost effective EV Charging

Changed Distribution of the Grid Demand on a small scale

Beginnings of EV Smart Grid Applications/Evolution

A start toward Sustainability Goals


Grid Load Target for Ireland

Load With and Without EVs


EV Infrastructure in Europe

Thank You

Philip LeGoy and Ger Buckley

New Energy Horizons Opportunities and Challenges Low Voltage Grid Connections for Electric Vehicle...

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