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From the Head: What Makes a Great Department? ................. 3Alumnus Profile: Rufus Ritchie .................................................... 4Honors and Accolades: PECASE Awards .................................. 6Tennessee Physics Meets the Great Wall .................................... 8

SectionsCross

The Newsletter of the University of TennesseeDepartment of Physics & Astronomy

Volume 8, Number 2Fall/Winter 2004

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Have Theory, Will TravelElbio Dagotto and Adriana Moreo Bring a Top-Flight Program to UT

Should the department ever need tobuild a condensed matter theorygroup on, say, Jupiter, Elbio

Dagotto and Adriana Moreo would beideal candidates to spearhead theproject. Not only are they accomplishedscientists (Dr. Dagotto is listed amongthe 250 Most Cited Physicists and bothare fellows of the American PhysicalSociety), but recently they’ve proventheir talent at everything from planningand building work space to securingsupplies, choosing furniture, and build-ing computer networks.

Drs. Dagotto and Moreo came to UTthis summer from Florida State Univer-sity. Dr. Dagotto joined the faculty as aDistinguished Professor at UT and isalso a Distinguished Scientist at OakRidge National Laboratory. Dr. Moreois a Professor of Physics and a UT/ORNL Joint Faculty member in theCondensed Matter Sciences Division.

“The UT-ORNL search committeecame up with a very good offer,”

Dr. Moreo said of the hiring process.“We also saw the potential that both UTand Oak Ridge have at this point. Par-ticularly, they are building the SNS(Spallation Neutron Source) and we areplanning to develop there a condensedmatter theory group.”

“And also they are building thenanocenter,” Dr. Dagotto continued,referring to the ORNL Center forNanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS).“The two buildings will be one next tothe other. We will have our work groupvery close to the intersection of the twobuildings. That will be a very nice loca-

tion for interaction with everyone. So itwas the SNS, the nanocenter and alsothe developments in the area of compu-tation that were very attractive.”

Material Witnesses

Computer power is particularlyimportant for Dr. Dagotto’s andDr. Moreo’s research. They use

numerical techniques to develop con-densed matter theory, in particular forstrongly-correlated systems.

“The electrons see a lot of eachother and so it’s not very easy to studytheir prop-erties usingthe tradi-tional meth-ods ofperturba-tion theoryand analyti-cal tech-niques,” Dr.Moreo ex-plained. “Sothe ap-proach thatwe use is toput themodel forwhatevermaterial wewant to understand and crunch num-bers in the computer and basically cal-culate physical quantities that can becompared with experiments.” Then theytry to make predictions on what experi-mentalists should be seeing.

“Some of these materials are themanganites,” she said, the steel-gray orblack minerals found as crystals ofmanganese ore. One of their charmingattributes is the ability to change frominsulators to conductors.

“Another set of materials are thehigh-Tc superconductors,” Dr. Moreocontinued, “which are superconductorsthat have the property of superconduct-ing at much higher temperatures thantraditional ones . . . halfway betweenzero and room temperature. But theirproperties seem to be very differentfrom the traditional materials.”

As they are working with ceramicsthat contain copper-oxide planes(cuprates), one puzzle these materialspresent is the behavior of the Cooper

Continued on Page 2

Adriana Moreo Elbio Dagotto

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pairs—the “coupled” electrons in a su-perconductor—a phenomenon namedfor the American physicist Leon Cooperwho first noticed it.

“Although we know that the elec-trons are in pairs, the mechanism forwhich pairing occurs may be different,”Dr. Moreo explained.

She and Dr. Dagotto have also no-ticed that the cuprates seem to have in-homogeneous states and the sameseems to be true of the manganites.

“Now that experiments are showingthis inhomogeneity in the cuprates, weare trying to study that as well and seewhat the consequences of those inho-mogeneities may be in the superconduc-tors,” Dr. Moreo said. “Before,experimentalists tended to assume a ho-mogeneous state and tried to interprettheir data based on that. Now that theyare aware of the inhomogeneities, theyare finding them, not only in thecuprates and the manganites, but also inthe ruthenates, such as those (UT-ORNL Distinguished Scientist) WardPlummer and collaborators are study-ing.”

“In the manganites we have made bigcontributions to pointing out the exist-ence of the inhomogeneities,” she con-tinued. “We actually believe, and havevery good simulations showing, thatthose inhomogeneities seem to be avery important part of why the phe-nomenon of colossal magnetoresistanceoccurs.”

While its predecessor, gigantic mag-netoresistance, has been harnessed tomake magnetic read heads for computerdisk drives, the potential of colossalmagentoresistance is still largely un-tapped. Work like that of Drs. Moreoand Dagotto could help shed light onthe possibilities it may offer for futuretechnologies.

Navigating theTechnology Corridor

The university has long enjoyed athriving relationship with OakRidge National Laboratory, a

partnership made stronger in 2000

when UT joined with Battelle to man-age the laboratory. The DistinguishedScientist and Joint Faculty programsgive the physics department the addedadvantage of attracting top-caliber sci-entists who are charged with buildingstrong research areas in Oak Ridge andon campus.

“One of the tasks we were givenwhen we were hired was to establishbridges between the two,” Dr. Dagottosaid. “Many of our duties will be relatedto recruiting professors at all levels—from distinguished to assistant. We arealways in the process of recruiting post-docs and candidates for Wigner Fellow-ships at Oak Ridge. We send e-mails tohundreds of colleagues every year ask-ing for candidates for everything—graduate students, post-docs, faculty.We are in a constant hunting mode.”

Along that line, Dr. Moreo is startinga seminar series in January with thetwo-pronged goal of bringing UT andORNL people together and also invit-ing speakers to the area to see scientificopportunities. The talks will be sched-uled on Fridays and held at Oak Ridgeas sort of a bookend to the Mondayafternoon colloquia sponsored by thephysics department.

“Ideally, Monday is the day when ev-erybody comes to UT . . . and Friday isthe day when everyone comes to OakRidge,” she said.

The pair interacts with several UT-ORNL colleagues, including Dr. TedBarnes, Dr. Pengcheng Dai, Dr. DavidMandrus, Dr. Herman Mook, Dr. WardPlummer, Dr. John Quinn, Dr. DavidSingh, and Dr. Hanno Weithering, toname a few.

“We are also in the process of hiringother people,” Dr. Dagotto said.

A key component of their currentwork is to build a dynamic communityat Oak Ridge that will move in tandemwith their UT counterparts and alsopresent an exciting picture to the widerscientific community.

“The key is to get fluid communica-tion between the SNS and UT and theSNS and the rest of the world,” Dr.Moreo said. “We feel that the SNSdoesn’t have to be seen by the externalworld as just a user facility. They have tosee it’s a place where things happen.

The principal investigators have to feelthe need of coming in person andspending some time. And so it’s veryimportant that the physicists, both theo-reticians and experimentalists, arearound.”

“We are very much involved in themovement of the entire condensedmatter division to the SNS hill,” Dr.Dagotto said, to the point of advisingarchitects on where the CNMS officesshould line up with the SNS facilities tocreate a more inclusive and cooperativeenvironment.

The work is important because, asDr. Moreo said, “the SNS has the po-tential of transforming the Knoxville-Oak Ridge area into a world-classcenter.”

Campus Life

While the research and collabo-rative elements of their ap-pointments are forefront,

both Dr. Dagotto and Dr. Moreo arealso members of the department’steaching faculty.

“We both were professors at FSU,”Dr. Moreo said. “We are used to com-bining teaching with research responsi-bilities.”

“If you do it right, it’s pretty time-consuming,” Dr. Dagotto added.“There are many people who very casu-ally say, ‘Oh, I don’t have any problems.I love teaching,’ but they are not neces-sarily the best teachers. If you want todo a very good job, it’s very time con-suming.”

Both will be teaching graduate stu-dents.

“In my case, I’ll be teaching Electro-dynamics, which is one of the mostdreaded courses for graduate students,”Dr. Moreo said good-naturedly. “And inmy case,” Dr. Dagotto continued, “it’sCondensed Matter II. It’s superconduc-tivity, magnetics—topics more or lessrelated to what I work on. I will alsoadd a lot of nanophysics in the class.”

Dr. Moreo is also working on thegraduate affairs committee, a task shegrew accustomed to at FSU.

Dagotto and MoreoContinued from Page 1

Continued on Page 7

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What Makes a Great Physics Department?A Letter from Soren Sorensen, Department Head

People! It is that simple! Attractingthe right people and helping themdevelop is the only way to build a

great physics program. And I am notjust talking about the professors. Sure,they are important and attracting thebest and brightest junior and senior fac-ulty continues to be an issue we devotea lot of attention to. It is also manda-tory that the department runs as a well-lubricated machine by havingprofessional and competent staff mem-bers. However, a physics department isa complicated machine (even if it is welllubricated!) and at the center of it arethe students. Getting bright, motivated,curious, and dedicated physics studentsto attend the University of Tennesseeand giving them an exciting and well-balanced education is just as important.It is also one of the greatest satisfac-tions of our professional life; to feelyou have made a positive impact in astudent’s life.

Unfortunately the picture getsmurkier when we start to discuss howto get all these great people to our de-partment and how we help them suc-ceed. When it comes to students, we aredoing a lot to reach out to Tennesseehigh schools to make them aware ofwhat great opportunities their studentshave here at UT instead of attending anover-priced out-of-state school. We areconstantly working on updating our cur-riculum and improving the skills of ourteachers. But in the end, there is no wayaround it—in order to keep and im-prove a great program the departmentneeds funds. “Money makes the worldgo around,” as they say. It might soundcynical, but it is unfortunately true. Wehave over the years been very successfulin implementing cost neutral improve-ments and we will continue to look forthem, but in the end we need money topay for improved facilities, better sala-ries and fellowships, better equipment,etc.

As a state university, UT still gets alarge part of its funding from the state

of Tennessee. But the total share pro-vided by the state has been steadily de-clining for a couple of decades and isnow around 43 percent according to thelatest numbers from the university. Forother state universities the situation iseven more extreme. I have been toldthat at the University of Washington inSeattle the state funding is now down tonine percent, so instead of talking abouta state university they are talking about astate-located university! This trend indecreasing state funding has caused tu-itions and fees at state universities toincrease dramatically over the last de-cade. That is of course a very unfortu-nate development, since stateuniversities ought to be financially avail-able for all students in the state, not justthe financially fortunate.

Within our own department we alsorely more on outside resources than in-ternal state funds. Last year our totalrevenues were a little more than $10million, with $6.6 million coming fromexternal research grants and $3.5 millionfrom state appropriations. Of the $6.6million in research funds, our principalinvestigators actually paid more than$0.7 million back to the university in theform of overhead. So the taxpayers ofTennessee are actually getting a $10 mil-lion physics department for only $2.8million annually in net expense.

The area where we really need tocontinue the positive trend is in dona-tions (or “development,” as most uni-versities prefer to call it). In 2004 wehave been blessed with an unprec-edented level of help from our alumniby having received 60 individual dona-tions for a total close to $275,000. Weare very, very grateful for this level ofinterest and support from so many ofour alumni. This brings our total en-dowment up to nearly $400,000. Theannual revenue of this endowment is$20,000 and all of it goes to scholar-ships and awards for our students. Thisis making a tremendous difference inour recruiting efforts, especially at the

undergraduate level, where we now havea record-setting 72 undergraduate ma-jors and 30 more students who have de-clared a physics interest and thereforemight become physics majors once theyhave accumulated more credit hours.

Setting Priorities

It is our sincere hope that we will beable to continue enjoying this greatsupport from our devoted alumni.

Recently the new Interim Dean of theCollege of Arts and Sciences, HapMcSween, asked us to outline our pri-orities for potential gifts to the depart-ment in preparation for a majordevelopment campaign the university isorganizing. The overriding criteria forincluding the four potential gifts on thelist below has been that they representfinancial needs where we are unlikely toreceive any help from either state or re-search funds, but instead have to rely ondonations in order to make them hap-pen.

Our highest priority, and unfortu-nately also the most expensive, is an en-dowed professorship in Cosmologyand Astrophysics. This field is one ofthe most exciting areas of contempo-rary science, and a very large proportionof students want to study in this field.However, it is a field where we have

Continued on Page 9

Soren Sorensen

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Had Rufus Ritchie let criticismget to him, surface physicswould have suffered mightily.

Fortunately, he shrugged off the naySayers and wrote a paper introducingthe world to the surface plasmon, a phe-nomenon that as recently as this pastSeptember has been referenced in ar-ticles proposing such advanced tech-nologies as optical computers. InNovember he visited the Knoxvillecampus and recounted his work andwhere it has taken him.

“I was working with Bob Birkhoff,who was a great guy and a tremendousexperimenter,” Dr. Ritchie said. “I washelping him analyze some of the experi-mental data and looking at the energylosses—plasmon losses—and develop-ing that sort of thing about surfaces.”

He was interested in the way energylosses were distributed when a swiftelectron passes through a thin metal foiland worked out the theoretical spec-trum to describe how the metal re-sponded.

He and Dr. Birkhoff had submittedseparate abstracts to a conference at theUniversity of Maryland, but Dr. Ritchiecould not attend because of a conflict-ing trip. Dr. Birkhoff offered to presenthis paper, which met with some fiercecriticism from Dr. Dennis Gabor (latera Nobel laureate), who said he had stud-ied the problem and concluded thatthere was no such animal as the surfaceplasmon. Upon learning of this re-sponse, Dr. Ritchie questioned what heshould do. Colleague David Pines (nowprofessor emeritus at the University ofIllinois) encouraged him to submit thepaper anyway.

In 1957, Physical Review published“Plasma Losses by Fast Electrons inThin Films” by R. H. Ritchie. Threeyears later, Cedric Powell at the NationalBureau of Standards (now NIST), ran aseries of experiments confirming sur-face plasmon losses by electrons in re-flection geometry

“The experiments showed that sur-face plasmons existed,” Dr. Ritchie said.

In a surface plasmon, electrons movecollectively in response to the electricfield of a penetrating charged particle.The potential applications of thisknowledge are still being realized incomputing, communications, laser tech-nology, environmental monitoring, andmedical diagnosis and treatment.

Light on a Chip

The September 7 issue ofInnovations Report Onlinereported that using this natu-

ral phenomenon could lead to “lighton a chip” technology and make op-tical computers and sub-wavelength-sized optical components realpossibilities. Researchers from theUK and Spain have found that bydrilling tiny holes or grooves intoperfectly conducting surfaces, lightcan be channeled through holessmaller than the wavelength of light.The holes focus a beam of light, cre-ating a tiny lens just a few microns wide.Designers could harness the effect tochannel light at the sub-wavelengthscale, overcoming one of the majorconstraints faced in designing opticalcomputers.

“It’s nice to see all those applica-tions,” Dr. Ritchie said. “The industrialphysicists have been talking about sur-face plasmonics and things that they’redoing in that field.”

Dr. Ritchie was born in Blue Dia-mond, Kentucky, in 1924 and grew upin a coal mining camp.

“I went to UK for undergraduateand master’s degrees and then I camehere for a Ph.D,” he said. His bachelor’sdegree is in electrical engineering, andhis master’s and doctoral degrees are inphysics. He finished his Ph.D., workingwith Dr. Dick Present, in 1959.

“I took classes with Bill Bugg,Sheldon Datz, Sam Hurst—a lot ofgood guys,” he said.

He was also working full-time in theORNL Health Sciences Division, whichwould be his career home.

“I stayed my whole working lifethere, except for a few nice sabbaticals,”Dr. Ritchie said. “I came in the fall of’49 and retired in ’94. A nice advantageof the lab was that I was able to spend ayear in Denmark when my kids weresmall and then a year at the CavendishLaboratory in Cambridge. It was great

to have the privilege of working withoutstanding people internationally.”

Dr. Ritchie was also a Ford Founda-tion Professor in the physics depart-ment, teaching graduate students on apart-time basis from 1965 until he re-tired from ORNL.

But retirement can’t keep this ORNLSenior Corporate Fellow away from thenational lab for too long.

“I still go out once a week and workwith Tom Ferrell and Thomas Thundatand their students,” he said. “It’s still aninteresting place.”

He has other pursuits as well, includ-ing a couple with his long-time friendand colleague Dr. Sam Hurst.

“I’m working a little bit with a smallgroup that does advanced touch sensordesign. I spend some time doing math-ematical analysis for the group, and it’s alot of fun,” he said. Dr. Hurst, an ad-junct professor of physics at UT, firstdeveloped the “touch sensor” In 1971and started the group. He and Dr.Ritchie have also started a forum on re-ligion and science.

Alumnus Profile: Dr. Rufus Ritchie

Rufus Ritchie

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Dr. Ritchie also spends time with hisfamily; which has grown to include hisson and daughter, seven grandchildren,and three great grandchildren with an-other one scheduled to appear soon.He and his wife Dorothy celebratedtheir 60th wedding anniversary Decem-ber 2.

He has garnered his share of com-mendations during his distinguishedcareer, including the Jesse W. BeamsAward for Excellence in Research, anhonorary doctoral degree from theUniversidad del Pais Vasco in Spain,and a senior fellowship from the Japa-nese Society for the Promotion of Sci-ence, among others. But he said thehighlight for him was the camaraderieand sense of purpose he enjoyed at thenational laboratory and the university.

“For me it was a real privilege towork at ORNL, and the UT connec-tion was very important too. I have alot of good feelings about UT and thepeople here.”

The department is saddened toannounce the death of Dr.Wayne Kincaid, 51, a post-doc-

toral research associate.Dr. Kincaid earned his Ph.D. in theo-

retical nuclear physics at UT in 1992. Hespecialized in the development of Web-based educational material for all levelsof education and worked with PhysicsProfessor Mike Guidry and his wife, JoAnn, to build webTeacher, an Internettraining tool designed specifically forteachers. He was also the Webmaster forTech Corps, which recruits volunteersfrom the technology community to aidschools with the introduction of newtechnologies.

Dr. Kincaid was also a developer fora broad range of advanced educationaltechnologies for major college textbookpublishers in physics, astronomy, biol-ogy, microbiology, and genetics.

In Memoriam

Physics Loses anEducational Innovator

Rooms 304 and 306 of the Nielsen Physics Building got a facelift this sum-mer, as their time for renewal came up on UT’s calendar for building reno-vation. Gone are the old desks and ancient carpet. The rooms are now

equipped with faster and more efficient computing power for lectures and a muchmore modern and inclusive seating plan. The department was proud to show offthe newly spruced-up digs while hosting the Society of Physics Students Zone 8Meeting on November 12.

Everything Old is New Again

The lecture room prior tothis summer’s renovation

Professor and head Soren Sorensen talks with students atthe SPS Zone meeting in the newly-renovated classroom

UT physics major Gail Zasowski usesthe new equipment in Room 304

The new presentation system uses an integratedcontrol unit with a touch panel connected to aswitcher. This allows a user to switch the projectorsand audio system between the internal computer,DVD/VCR, and laptop. Speakers can select all pro-jectors from the main screen and also lower thescreens with a touch. The SmartBoard Sympodiuminteractive display lets lecturers draw or write on topof virtually anything the computer displays. A wire-less microphone system will also be installed soon,and each student workstation will have AC poweroutlets as well as a network port.

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Two outstanding young scientists with ties to UT physics have won the prestigious Presidential Early Career Award forScientists and Engineers.

Saskia Mioduszewski and Jian Shen were among 57 researchers receiving the highest honor the U.S. government be-stows on scientists and engineers at the outset of their careers. Dr. John Marburger, Director of the Office of Science andTechnology Policy, presented the awards in a ceremony at the White House on September 9.

Dr. Mioduszewski and Dr. Shen were also honored with two of the four Department of Energy Office of Science EarlyCareer Scientist and Engineer Awards presented at DOE Headquarters earlier in the day.

Dr. Mioduszewski earned her Ph.D. in physics at UT in 1999. As a graduate student working with Dr. Kenneth Read andDr. Soren Sorensen, she joined the PHENIX (Pioneering High Energy NuclearInteraction eXperiment) research team at Brookhaven National Lab’s RelativisticHeavy Ion Collider. PHENIX investigates high-energy collisions of heavy ionsand protons. She did her thesis work on the Alternating Gradient Synchrotron.

“I don’t feel much differently than when I was a graduate student doing re-search,” Dr. Mioduszewski said, adding that she would like to stay put forawhile.

“In the immediate future, I’d like tostay with RHIC,” she said. “There’s a lotof data, and we have a lot of work to do.”

Dr. Mioduszewski was honored for her study of the properties of the un-usual matter formed in extremely high-energy nuclear collisions produced atRHIC.

“It’s a nice honor,” she said of the PECASE award. “A lot of it is luck—working at the right place at the right time. I’ve very fortunate to be working atRHIC at this time.”

Dr. Shen is a member of Oak Ridge National Laboratory’s Condensed Mat-ter Sciences Division. He is a close collaborator of Dr. Ward Plummer, a UT-ORNL Distinguished Scientist in physics. Dr. Shen is an adjunct professor ofphysics at the university and includes UT physics graduate students in his re-search program.

“John Pierce was my first student,” he said. “I have two other students; MariaTorija-Juana and Dane Gillaspie, and I’m actually looking for new students.” (Aninteresting note on the power of mentoring: John Pierce won the prestigiousNottingham Prize in 2003, and Maria Torija won the AVS Falicov Award in 2004).

In fact, Dr. Shen gave most of the credit for the honor to his hired help.“The major contributions were from the students and postdocs,” he said laugh-

ing. “I was just a guy sitting in the office.”That’s rather unlikely, considering Dr. Shen was honored for his pioneering ap-

proach to the study of magnetism in nanostructured materials synthesis.“My current research is on the so-called magnetic and transport properties of

nanostructures,” he explained. He added that he hopes the PECASE award mighthelp him secure additional funding from the Department of Energy.

The Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers was estab-lished in 1996 to honor the most promising beginning researchers in the nationwithin their fields. Each honoree receives a citation, a plaque, and a commitmentfor continued funding of their work from their agency for five years.

Presidential Awards forTwo Tennessee Physicists

Saskia Mioduszewski with John H.Marburger, III, Director of the Officeof Science and Technology Policy

Jian Shen with Dr. Marburger

honors and accolades

Be on the lookout for the spring issue of Cross Sections for the low-down on the famous physics springpicnic, honors day awards, alumni news and more. Visit the physics Web site at http://www.phys.utk.eduto keep up with what’s going on in the department.

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“Recruitment is a problem all acrossthe country,” she said, “so we’ll have tobe aggressive to get good students.”

Not that their educational duties stopthere. Dr. Moreo has already visitedWebb School to teach her son’s classabout geometry. In the past she hasjudged elementary school science fairsand given first graders an introductionto gravity and magnetism.

“I think that’s a good thing, so thatkids get the impression that science isfun as opposed to something difficultor maybe boring,” she said. “I think it’simportant to maintain contact withyoung children.”

From Tallahassee to Knoxville

It’s never easy to pick up and moveto a new job in a new city. But ifyou really want to complicate things,

add to the list of transfer items threeNational Science Foundation grants, anentire research program, and a gaggle ofgraduate students and post-docs.

“Senior professors are very difficultto move,” Dr. Dagotto said, because

they are usually established not only atan institution, but also within their re-spective communities and neighbor-hoods.

He and Dr. Moreo, who are married,moved at the beginning of the summerwhile their students were still at FSU.They took a space on the third floor ofSouth College and spent weeks findingfurniture, buying computers, and tryingto pin down where walls and doors andlights should go. Dr. Dagotto’s office, infact, did not even exist. Now there aredesks and PCs and bookcases, but ittook some doing.

“Everything you see,” Dr. Dagottosaid, sweeping his arm out across thespace, “we had to order.”

“The students were able to continueworking during the summer at FSUwhile we were trying to put all the stufftogether here. They came at the begin-ning of the fall semester,” said Dr.Moreo. “And then,” she said, “came allthe grant transfers.”

“We have three NSF grants,” Dr.Dagotto explained. “They had to bemoved from FSU back to NSF,” beforebeing transferred to UT. “One of thegrants came untouched,” he said. “Andthe other two—we are still waiting.”

Dagotto and MoreoContinued from Page 2

Collectively, the pair brings close to $1million in NSF money with them.

They also had the usual hassles ofmoving: selling their house in Florida,buying a new one in Knoxville, andfinding schools and childcare for theirtwo children, Gabriel and Carina, ageseight and three.

“We were lucky that we already knewa lot of people here,” Dr. Moreo said.“It’s not as if we came to a place wherewe didn’t know anybody. In fact, we hadmany friends already.”

Dr. Dagotto agreed. “One of thereasons we came here is that we had atremendous amount of collaboratorsand friends,” he said.

Given that they work together, livetogether, and have a family together,one wonders if they ever tire of oneanother’s company.

“We met each other back when wewere undergraduates in Argentina,”Dr. Moreo said, smiling (both earnedtheir undergraduate and doctoral de-grees at the Instituto Balseiro inBariloche, which is the leading institu-tion for physics in all of SouthAmerica). “But we do things separatelyas well, although we work in the samegeneral area.”

News from the Societyof Physics Students

The department’s ever-industrious Society ofPhysics Students caught entrepreneurial feverLabor Day weekend, selling liquid nitrogen ice

cream to raise money for their chapter. They made$160, clearing about $60 after expenses (SPS studentsuse only the finest ingredients available).

In other news, the UT chapter was named the na-tional “Chapter of the Month” for October 2004.They have also revamped thier Web site, so pay them avisit at http://www.phys.utk.edu/sps/. SPS members exhibit their considerable skill at

making frozen treats from liquid nitrogen

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UT Physics Meetsthe Great Wall of China

If James Wicker didn’t carefully scanhis incoming e-mail, he might haveunknowingly deleted a big part of

his future.Fortunately, this doctoral candidate in

physics took notice when he saw a mes-sage from the National Science Founda-tion advertising the East Asia andPacific Summer Institutes (EAPSI). Theprogram sends American graduate stu-dents in science and engineering to Aus-tralia, China, Japan, Korea and Taiwanfor an eight-week stint. The exchangebuilds international technical collabora-tions and gives students a personal in-troduction not only to the scientificinfrastructure of another country, butalso to its culture and language.

James applied for the 2003 programand was accepted to visit MainlandChina; unfortunately, unforeseen cir-cumstances prevented his trip.

“I couldn’t go last summer becauseof SARS,” he said.

Waiting a year actually turned out tobe a blessing. The 2004 venture usheredin the inaugural EAPSI exchange withChina, and he was among the 25 stu-dents chosen for the trip.

“This was one of the most interest-ing groups of people I’ve ever met,”James said. “They were just amazing.”

At the age of 28 he said he thoughthe “might be the oldest person there.”He was mistaken. One fellow studentwas a doctor who had spent 20 years inthe Navy. Most were in their 30s orolder. Many students had multiple de-grees and all were broadly educated.The program attracted applicants fromphysics, chemistry, statistics, engineeringand medicine. They arrived on June 20and spent their first week in Beijing fororientation sessions, learning about Chi-nese culture and history. They also hitsome high spots no visitor should missin China, including the Great Wall. (Atip from James: “It’s a workout to climbthe Great Wall.”) He visited 13 Mingtombs, Tiananmen Square, the Museumof Chinese History and the Forbidden

City. Then it was time to get down tobusiness.

Because host countries in the NSFprogram are not paid for taking onAmerican students, the students makethe exchange worthwhile for them byoffering their professional expertise.James worked at the Beijing Astro-nomical Observatory, where he applieddata mining algorithms to astronomydata from the star and stellar evolutiongroup. He more than earned his keep;the observatory offered him a jobwhen the eight weeks were over.

NSF furnished each student a$3,000 stipend plus airfare. “The Chi-nese government also supported us,”James explained, by picking up hotel

and living expenses. “Actually, we livedreally well.”

The program also encouragesEAPSI students to visit research labsother than the ones to which they’reassigned. James visited Xinglong Ob-servatory, the largest of China’s fiveobservatories. Xinglong’s newest tele-scope (the LAMOST, ready to go in

2007) will generate lots of new astro-nomical data. Using algorithms, “I couldseparate their data to within 95 percentaccuracy,” he said.

Although devoted to the researchaspect of the program, he did manageto squeeze in some sightseeing, findingtime to visit the Summer Palace inBeijing, for example.

“I really worked pretty hard,” he said.“I wish I’d had more time for explor-ing.”

But even everyday life in China canbe an adventure for an American. Jameslived in the university district, which iscalled the “silicon valley of China,” abustling part of town encompassinguniversities, a science park, and various

technological enterprises. He quicklyfound favorite restaurants and shops.One of his common haunts was a five-story bookstore.

“Everything in China is on a biggerscale than we’re used to thinking of inthe U.S.,” he said. Even so, blending incould present a challenge.

James Wicker poses on the Great Wall of China sporting aTennessee Science Olympiad T-shirt

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little chance of receiving a Distin-guished Scientist position in contrast to,for example, condensed matter physics,where ORNL is a great partner for de-veloping distinguished professorships.

Our second priority is junior levelendowed chairs, which is a “cost-effec-tive” way of creating attractive positionsfor new junior faculty members or as areward for exceptionally high perform-ing junior professors in our faculty. Weenvision positions at the associate pro-fessor level that are augmented by en-dowments (~$100k-300k) to providesalary enhancements and discretionaryresearch funding for a time-limited pe-riod of five years.

The third priority is a Planetariumand Astronomy Outreach Center.The UT Department of Physics andAstronomy has a long and distinguishedrecord of astronomy outreach, wherewe use the telescopes on the roof ofthe Nielsen building. For ~$500k wecan convert the high bay room on thefirst floor of Nielsen into a combinedastronomy laboratory and planetarium,which would allow us to substantiallyextend our outreach efforts to the pub-lic in general and, in particular, to K-12schools.

And finally, we continue to need sub-stantial scholarship funds in order toattract the best and brightest students toUT, or, in many cases, to convince mi-nority or first generation students tostudy physics. The HOPE Lotteryscholarships have made UT much moreattractive to many students, but for thecompetitive and savvy students we mostoften have in our department we needto be offer more than the $3000 annu-ally in HOPE scholarships. As I statedabove, we feel that the increased endow-ment we have for student scholarshipshas contributed significantly to the in-creased enrollment in physics and wehope to continue that trend.

Sorensen’s LetterContinued from Page 3

“I was usually the only non-Chineseon the bus,” he said.

James, however, was not entirely outof his element. He had visited Taiwanin 2001 under an earlier NSF program.He had also studied the Mandarin lan-guage for three years. In June, beforegoing to Beijing, he spent a week in theport city of Dalian in northeast China.He was a guest of Dr. Li Rong, whomhe met in Knoxville when she was a vis-iting professor at UT during the 2002-2003 academic year. He interviewed atthe Dalian University of Technologyand was offered a postdoctoral positionwith the Neuroinformatics Institutethere.

“They employ people from a widevariety of backgrounds,” he said. “Theydo cross disciplinary work.”

Computer scientists, psychologists,and physicians are among some of theprofessionals on staff. James acceptedthe postdoc offer and will work oncomplex systems modeling. He headsback to China next summer, after finish-ing his Ph.D. at UT in the spring. Sincethe observatory in Beijing offered him ajob as well, he has been examining thepossibility of juggling both positions. Inmid-October he submitted an applica-tion to NSF for postdoctoral supportunder a program that would allow himto work for two years with multiple in-stitutions. Although securing funding istough, he is optimistic that he might beable to work in both Dalian and Beijing.

“That,” he said, “would be like win-ning the lottery.”

Other potential employment mightbe available in a less-obvious area. AsBeijing prepares to host the 2008 Olym-pic Games, James noticed squads of“English Police” patrolling the city,checking written signs for accuracy.

“Maybe I can get a part-time job,” hemused.

And while the country may have areputation for being closed and secre-tive, he noticed energy and enthusiasmfor the future.

“China is trying very hard to becomea modern country. There’s lots of build-ing and construction going on. The liv-ing conditions were vastly improvedfrom even 10 years ago.”

His zeal for the program so im-pressed the NSF organizers that in Oc-tober they invited him to Washington toshare his experience with the US-ChinaJoint Commission on Scientific andTechnological Cooperation. Dr. JohnMarburger, Director of the WhiteHouse Office of Science and Technol-ogy Policy, and His Excellency Mr. XuGuanhua, Minister of the Chinese Min-istry of Science and Technology, chairedthe meeting. James gave a presentationto an audience representing governmentagencies running the gamut from theState Department to the National Insti-tutes of Health. He was one of onlytwo students asked to give a presenta-tion.

Dr. William Chang issued the invita-tion. He is currently serving as seniorprogram manager at the NSF Office ofInternational Science and Engineeringand was struck by James’ conscientious-ness.

“He is a person who takes initiative.That impressed me,” Dr. Chang said ofJames. “He is willing to organize, takecharge, and get things done.”

Dr. Chang explained that manypeople in China draw their conclusionsabout American youth based on movies.James and the other students involvedin the EAPSI exchange left many au-thoritative figures in China with an ex-tremely positive and more realisticpicture.

“They got an entirely different im-pression,” he said.

“I want to thank (the University ofTennessee) for sending such a nice indi-vidual to our program,” he added.

Since his return in August, James hasbeen a cheerleader for the EAPSI pro-gram, giving presentations all over theUT campus to encourage more studentsto apply.

“I had an amazing time in China,” hesaid. “It was a really fascinating experi-ence.”

For more information on NationalScience Foundation programs forgraduate students and postdocs (in-cluding the EAPSI program), hop onthe Web at http://www.nsf.gov/home/menus/grads.htm.

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faculty

students

alumni

Physics Family News

Adam Berryhill (B.S., 1997) is a seniorengineer with Cryomagnetics, Inc., in

Oak Ridge.

Todd Downey (M.S., 1998) is a senioroptical engineer with ASML Lithogra-phy in Wilton, Connecticut.

Sam Held (M.S., 1999) was featuredon the University of Rochester PhysicsDepartment Web site (http://www.pas.rochester.edu/) for his help inorganizing the U.S. delegation’s trip tothe 54th Lindau Meeting of NobelLaureates and Students, held in Lindau,Germany, June 17-July 2, 2004.

Edwin C. Jones (Ph.D., 1992) is a phy-sician and physicist for the State ofCalifornia’s Mono County HealthcareDistrict.

Dr. Joseph Thomas (Tom) Lewis(Ph.D., 1971) is retired from the BoeingCompany, where he was a Division Di-rector in Laser and Electro-Optics Sys-tems. Dr. Lewis worked for ~30 yearsin the development of High EnergyLaser Systems and is now living inSammamish, Washington.

Eric Lingerfelt (M.S., 2002) is an ITSpecialist in the UT Department ofPhysics and Astronomy.

Richard Tran Mills (B.S, 1999) is aresearch computer scientist with theCenter for Computational Sciences atOak Ridge National Laboratory.

Samuel J. Nalley (M.S, 1967; Ph.D.,1971) is a professor at ChattanoogaState Technical Community College.

Izabela Szlufarska (Ph.D., 2002) is anassistant professor in the Departmentof Materials Science and Engineering atthe University of Wisconsin, Madison.

Have news to share? Visit thealumni section of the physics de-partment Web site at http://www.phys.utk.edu/alumni.html.

ORNL-UT Physicists were honored thissummer for their work on SniffEx, acompact, low-cost vapor sensor de-signed to detect and locate a variety ofexplosives. The sensor was developedby Thomas Thundat, LalPinnaduwage, Tony Gehl, VassilBoiadjiev and Eric Hawk and DavidHedden, all of whom work at OakRidge National Laboratory but have tiesto the UT Physics Department as well.In late June they learned SniffEx hadwon an R&D 100 Award, an honor pre-sented each year by R&D Magazine inrecognition of the year’s most signifi-cant technological innovations.

The November 16 issue of The NewYork Times gave a nod to Dr. MarianneBreinig’s work on football physics.While the article featured Dr. Tim Gayfrom the University of Nebraska, hementioned that he had drawn on Dr.Breinig’s work at UT.

The Fourth International Conferenceon Exotic Nuclei and Atomic Masseswas held at Callaway Gardens in PineMountain, Georgia, in September. Dr.Witek Nazarewicz served as chair ofthe International Advisory Committeefor the conference. The UT Physics De-partment, the UT Office of Research,and ORNL’s Physics Division wereamong the meeting’s sponsors.

The Council of the Institute of Physicshas elected Dr. Nazarewicz a fellow ofthe IOP. Membership as a fellow is re-

served for elite scientists with notableachievements who have made outstand-ing contributions to the field of physics.In early December he was selected aschair of the Rare Isotope AcceleratorUsers Organization, which has morethan 730 members from 35 countries.

Research Professor SergueiOvichinnikov and two of his col-leagues have won the KonstantinovPrize from the Russian Academy of Sci-ences. Nobel Prize Winner ZhoresAlferov presented the award to G.N.Ogurtsov, Yury Gordeev and Dr.Ovichinnkov for “Dynamical Processesin Atomic and Molecular Physics” onOctober 29. The prize was awarded forwork done in Distinguished ScientistJoseph Macek’s theoretical physicsgroup at UT and in Dr. Gordeev’s ex-perimental group at the Ioffe Institutein Russia.

Research Professors Lal Pinnaduwageand Serguei Ovichinnikov have beenelected fellows of the American Physi-cal Society. Fellows are elected based ontheir reputation for making advances inknowledge through original researchand publication or significant and inno-vative contributions in the applicationof physics to science and technology.Dr. Pinnaduwage’s research focuses onnovel physical, chemical, and biologicaldetection using micromechanical sen-sors. He is a senior scientist at ORNL.Dr. Ovichinnikov works with Dr.Macek’s theoretical physics group andwas selected for his work on the devel-opment of the hidden crossing andtwo-center Sturmian theory of ion-atom collisions, and the hypersphericalhidden crossing theory of electron andpositron interactions with atoms.

Congratulations to Ph.D. candidateChad Middleton and his wife Serpilon the October 30 arrival of ApolloniaPelin Middleton.

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Thanks to our Donors!

Undergraduate ScholarshipsThe William Bugg General

Scholarship FundThe Dorothy and Rufus Ritchie

Scholarship FundThe G. Samuel and Betty P. Hurst

Scholarship Fund

Undergraduate Student AwardsThe Douglas V. Roseberry

Memorial FundThe Robert Talley Awards

Giving OpportunitiesGraduate AwardsPaul Stelson Fellowship FundFowler-Marion Physics Fund

Other Departmental FundsPhysics General Scholarship FundPhysics Equipment FundPhysics Enrichment FundRobert W. Lide Citations

Giving to the Department:If you would like more information onhow to make a donation or a pledge toour scholarship funds, please contact:

Office of DevelopmentCollege of Arts and Sciences4 Alumni Memorial BuildingThe University of TennesseeKnoxville, TN 37996-1320Phone: 865-974-2365Aldon Knight, DirectorPatty Laffitte, Associate DirectorAutumn Parrot, Assistant Director

The University of Tennessee Department of Physics and Astronomy would like to thank thegenerous alumni and friends who have offered financial support to our programs.

(The following gifts were forwarded to the physics department fromJune 5 through December 8, 2004)

Chang-Hyuk AnKim AnDonald H. BehrmanNeva Claiborne BurkeT. George BurkeKevin J. CahillSharon CahillBarbara B. CateJohn P. CateMargaret M. ComptonRobert N. ComptonWanda R. FerrellEdward R. FlemingJo Ann GuidryMichael W. GuidryRobert G. HasteBarbara F. HartEdward L. HartKaren Lewis HirschRoy T. Hull, Jr.

Susan M. HullJames S. JarrattLarry D. JohnsonCynthia S. KirkpatrickSteve T. KirkpatrickAndrew G. KulcharMary V. LasleyScott E. LasleyEllen A. MacekJoseph H. MacekElizabeth Reid MurrayRaymond L. MurrayWitold NazarewiczJohn P. NewcomerElsie R. NewcomerSally S. NicholsTrent L. NicholsBarbara C. ParksJames E. ParksJohn P. Pierce

Lee RiedingerMargaret S. RiedingerGeorge SiopsisDianna L. SorensenSoren P. SorensenDonald Corban StoneRobert M. TalleySue TalleyDawn ThompsonJames R. ThompsonShu-Chen UangYea-Hwang UangCharles C. WatsonNancy Griffith WatsonArthur Everett WoodKenneth H. Wright, Jr.Peggy WrightAlice M. YoungFred W. YoungGlenn R. Young

Non-Profit Org.U.S. PostagePAIDPermit No. 481The Univ. of Tenn.Knoxville, TN

DeparDeparDeparDeparDepartment of Physicstment of Physicstment of Physicstment of Physicstment of Physicsand Astronomyand Astronomyand Astronomyand Astronomyand Astronomy

401 Nielsen Physics BuildingThe University of TennesseeKnoxville, Tennessee 37996-1200

The University of Tennessee does not discriminate on the basis of race, sex, color, religion,national origin, age, disability, or veteran status in provision of education programs and servicesor employment opportunities and benefits. This policy extends to both employment by andadmission to the University.

The University does not discriminate on the basis of race, sex, or disability in the educationprograms and activities pursuant to the requirements of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964,Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972, Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973,and the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990.

Inquiries and charges of violation concerning Title VI, Title IX, Section 504, ADA, the AgeDiscrimination in Employment Act (ADEA), or any of the other above referenced policiesshould be directed to the Office of Equity and Diversity; 2110 Terrace Avenue; Knoxville, TN37996-3560; telephone (865) 974-2498 (TTY available). Requests for accommodation of a dis-ability should be directed to the ADA Coordinator at the Office of Human Resources Manage-ment; 600 Henley Street; Knoxville, TN 37996-4125.

PA#E01-1060-002-05

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Cross SectionsCross SectionsCross SectionsCross SectionsCross Sectionsis published by the UTDepartment of Physics &Astronomy twice each year.

Administration:Dr. Soren Sorensen, HeadDr. James E. Parks, Associate Head

Newsletter:Catherine LongmireCommunications Specialistcal@utk.edu

Telephone: 865.974.3342Fax: 865.974.7843Web: http://www.phys.utk.edu

The artwork above is a drawing of the “Untitled”sculpture over the entrance of the Nielsen PhysicsBuilding. The sculpture was designed by ProfessorPhilip Nichols of the Department of Art and isintended to convey the feeling of large and smallmasses, atoms, molecules, motions of chargedparticles in magnetic fields, and radiation emanat-ing from nuclear disintegrations.